关系
Executor就是Runnable和Callable的调度容器,Future就是对于具体的调度任务的执行结果进行查看,最为关键的是Future可以检查对应的任务是否已经完成,也可以阻塞在get方法上一直等待任务返回结果。Runnable和Callable的差别就是Runnable是没有结果可以返回的,就算是通过Future也看不到任务调度的结果的。FutureTask则是一个RunnableFuture<V>,即实现了Runnbale又实现了Futrue<V>这两个接口,另外它还可以包装Runnable和Callable<V>,所以一般来讲是一个符合体了,它可以通过Thread包装来直接执行,也可以提交给ExecuteService来执行,并且还可以通过v get()返回执行结果,在线程体没有执行完成的时候,主线程一直阻塞等待,执行完则直接返回结果。
开启线程的几种方法:
1.通过继承Thread类开启线程
/**
* 通过继承Thread类开启线程
*/
private void extendsThread() {
new MyThread().start();
}
class MyThread extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
System.out.println("通过继承Thread类开启线程");
}
}
2.Runnable+Thread
/**
* 通过new Thread(runnable)开启线程
*/
private void runnableThread() {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("通过new Thread(runnable)开启线程");
}
}).start();
}
3.Callable+FutureTask+Thread
/**
* 通过new Thread(new FutureTask(callable))开启线程
*/
private void callableFutureTaskThread() {
FutureTask<String> futureTask = new FutureTask<String>(new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
System.out.println("通过new Thread(new FutureTask(callable))开启线程");
return "finish 通过new Thread(new FutureTask(callable))开启线程";
}
});
new Thread(futureTask).start();
try {
System.out.println(futureTask.get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
4.ExecutorService+Callable+Future
/**
* 通过 executorService.submit(callable)并且return一个Future开启线程
*/
private void executorServiceCallableFuture() {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);//创建一个可重用固定线程数的线程池;
Future<String> future = executorService.submit(new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
System.out.println("通过 executorService.submit(callable)并且return一个Future开启线程");
return "finish 通过 executorService.submit(callable)并且return一个Future开启线程";
}
});
try {
System.out.println(future.get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
5.ExecutorService+Runnable+Future
/**
* 通过 executorService.submit(runnable,T)并且return一个Future开启线程
*/
private void executorServiceRunnableFuture() {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);//创建一个可重用固定线程数的线程池;
Future<String> future = executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("通过 executorService.submit(runnable,T)并且return一个Future开启线程");
}
},"finish 通过 executorService.submit(runnable,T)并且return一个Future开启线程");
try {
System.out.println(future.get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
6.ExecutorService+FutureTask
/**
* 通过 executorService.submit(futureTask)开启线程
*/
private void executorServiceFutureTask() {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);//创建一个可重用固定线程数的线程池;
FutureTask<String> futureTask = new FutureTask<String>(new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
System.out.println("通过 executorService.submit(futureTask)开启线程");
return "通过 executorService.submit(futureTask)开启线程";
}
});
executorService.submit(futureTask);
try {
System.out.println(futureTask.get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}