DBF文件初步了解（二）——DBF数据导出代码实现

    上篇博客中主要记录一些关于DBF数据文件的概念性知识。包括DBF的数据结构和用处。在这里记录一下在C#中导出DBF文件的实现方式。
    DBF文件也是一种数据库文件，我们导出DBF文件也就是将数据库中的数据导出到DBF文件中。所以最主要的就是讲DataTable转换成DBF，包括数据和数据类型。
  

<span style="font-size:24px;">private bool WriteDBFfile(string filepath, DataTable dt, List<string> columnNames, string tableName, Dictionary<string, char> nametype = null)
        {
            #region ***************************************写t**************************************
            nametype = ConvertColumnType(dt, tableName); ;
            FileStream fs = null;
            BinaryWriter bw = null;
            try
            {
                int rowCount = dt.Rows.Count;
                int columnCount = dt.Columns.Count;
                //if (rowCount > 0 && columnCount > 0)
                //{
                fs = new FileStream(filepath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write);
                bw = new BinaryWriter(fs);
                byte tempByte;
                byte[] tempBytes;
                int tempInt;
                int[] fieldLength = new int[columnCount];
                int tempMax = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++)
                {
                    tempMax = 0;
                    for (int j = 0; j < rowCount; j++)
                    {
                        if (dt.Rows[j][i].ToString() != null && dt.Rows[j][i].ToString() != "")
                        {
                            if (dt.Rows[j][i].ToString().Length > tempMax)
                            {
                                tempMax = dt.Rows[j][i].ToString().Length;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    char dbfType = 'C';
                    if (nametype.ContainsKey(columnNames[i].ToLower()))
                    {
                        dbfType = nametype[columnNames[i].ToLower()];
                    }
                    if (tableName.StartsWith("F") && dbfType == 'N')
                    {
                        tempMax = 8;
                    }
                    else if (dbfType == 'N')
                    {
                        tempMax = 1;
                    }
                    //数êy字×?类àà型Dí长3¤度è至á少éù13，￡?此′?处′|直±接ó设éè置?所ù有óD列áD最×?小D?长3¤度è为a13
                    fieldLength[i] = tempMax * 2 < 13 ? 13 : tempMax * 2;
                }
                /
                tempByte = 0x03;
                bw.Write(tempByte);
                tempBytes = new byte[3];

                tempInt = DateTime.Now.Year - 1900;
                tempBytes[0] = System.Convert.ToByte(tempInt);

                tempBytes[1] = System.Convert.ToByte(DateTime.Now.Month);

                tempBytes[2] = (byte)(DateTime.Now.Day);
                bw.Write(tempBytes);

                bw.Write(rowCount);

                tempInt = 33 + columnCount * 32;
                bw.Write((Int16)tempInt);

                tempInt = 1;
                for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++)
                {
                    tempInt += fieldLength[i];
                }
                bw.Write((Int16)tempInt);

                tempBytes = new byte[20];
                bw.Write(tempBytes);
                string tempColumnName;

                for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++)
                {
                    tempColumnName = columnNames[i];
                    tempBytes = ConvertStringToBytes(tempColumnName, 11);
                    bw.Write(tempBytes);
            
                    char dbfType = 'C';
                    if (nametype.ContainsKey(tempColumnName.ToLower()))
                    {
                        dbfType = nametype[tempColumnName.ToLower()];
                    }
                    tempByte = (byte)dbfType;//数êy据Y类àà型Dí为a字×?符·?串′?
                    bw.Write(tempByte);
                    //第μú12-15为a保±￡留á?字×?节ú
                    tempBytes = new byte[4];
                    bw.Write(tempBytes);
                    //第μú16个?字×?节ú为a字×?段?长3¤度è
                    tempMax = fieldLength[i];
                    tempByte = (byte)tempMax;
                    bw.Write(tempByte);
                    //接ó着×?第μú17-31都?为a保±￡留á?字×?节ú
                    tempBytes = new byte[15];
                    if (tableName.StartsWith("F") && dbfType == 'N' && tempColumnName.StartsWith("z"))
                    {
                        tempBytes[0] = (byte)2;/
                    }
                    bw.Write(tempBytes);
                }

                tempByte = 0x0D;
                bw.Write(tempByte);
                object tempValue;
                for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
                {
                    //每?一ò?行DD第μú一ò?个?字×?节ú默?认è?为a20
                    tempByte = 0x20;
                    bw.Write(tempByte);
                    for (int j = 0; j < columnCount; j++)
                    {
                        tempValue = dt.Rows[i][j];
                        if (tempValue != null)
                        {
                            double val;
                            if (double.TryParse(tempValue.ToString(), out val) && Equals(val, DbfsjdcViewModel_2015.FXB_DEF))
                            {
                                tempValue = "";
                            }
                            tempBytes = ConvertStringToBytes(tempValue.ToString(), fieldLength[j], true);
                            bw.Write(tempBytes);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            tempBytes = ConvertStringToBytes("", fieldLength[j], true);
                            bw.Write(tempBytes);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception except)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(except.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                if (bw != null)
                {
                    bw.Close();
                    bw.Dispose();
                }
                if (fs != null)
                {
                    fs.Close();
                    fs.Dispose();
                }
                nametype.Clear();
            }
            return System.IO.File.Exists(filepath);
            #endregion  ***************************************写D′入è?DBF文?件t**************************************
        }
      
     类型转换将String类型转换为Bytes类型方法：
        private byte[] ConvertStringToBytes(string tempStr, int limitLength, bool needAppendWhiteSpace = false)
        {
            try
            {
                 //originaldqdm,sourcelsgxmc,sourcelsgxdm,
                //org_dqdm,src_lsgxmc,src_lsgxdm
                switch (tempStr)
                {
                    case "originaldqdm":
                        tempStr = "org_dqdm";
                        break;
                    case "sourcelsgxmc":
                        tempStr = "src_lsgxmc";
                        break;
                    case "sourcelsgxdm":
                        tempStr = "src_lsgxdm";
                        break;
                }
                byte[] tempBytes = UTF8Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312").GetBytes(tempStr);
                byte[] result = null;
                if (tempBytes.Length == limitLength)
                {
                    result = tempBytes;
                }
                else if (tempBytes.Length > limitLength)
                {
                    result = new byte[limitLength];
                    for (int i = 0; i < limitLength; i++)
                    {
                        result[i] = tempBytes[i];
                    }
                }
                else if (tempBytes.Length < limitLength)
                {
                    result = new byte[limitLength];
                    for (int i = 0; i < tempBytes.Length; i++)
                    {
                        result[i] = tempBytes[i];
                    }
                    if (needAppendWhiteSpace)
                    {
                        for (int i = tempBytes.Length; i < limitLength; i++)
                        {
                            result[i] = (byte)32;
                        }
                    }
                }
                return result;
            }
            catch (Exception except)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(except.Message);
                return null;
            }
        }
        提取DataTable 列名，并转化为 List
        private Dictionary<string, char> ConvertColumnType(DataTable dt, string tableName)
        {
            
            Dictionary<string, char> lstType = new Dictionary<string, char>();
            foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns)
            {
                string colName = dc.ColumnName;  
                string colType = dc.DataType.ToString();    
                char dbfType = 'C';
                switch (colType)
                {
                    case "System.Int32":
                    case "System.Int64":
                    case "System.Double":
                    case "System.Decimal":
                    case "System.UInt16":
                    case "System.UInt32":
                    case "System.UInt64":
                    case "System.Byte":
                    case "System.SByte":
                        dbfType = 'N';
                        break;
                    case "System.DateTime":
                        dbfType = 'D';
                        break;
                    case "System.Int16":
                    case "System.String":
                        dbfType = 'C';
                        break;
                    default:
                        dbfType = 'C';
                        break;
                }
           
                if (!lstType.ContainsKey(colName.ToLower()))
                {
                    lstType.Add(colName.ToLower(), dbfType);
                }
            }
            return lstType;
        }</span>