介绍典型的非对称加密算法——RSA

Java加密技术（四）——非对称加密算法RSA

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Java 非对称加密算法 rsa

        接下来我们介绍典型的非对称加密算法——RSA

RSA
    这种算法1978年就出现了，它是第一个既能用于数据加密也能用于数字签名的算法。它易于理解和操作，也很流行。算法的名字以发明者的名字命名：Ron Rivest, AdiShamir 和Leonard Adleman。
    这种加密算法的特点主要是密钥的变化，上文我们看到DES只有一个密钥。相当于只有一把钥匙，如果这把钥匙丢了，数据也就不安全了。RSA同时有两把钥匙，公钥与私钥。同时支持数字签名。数字签名的意义在于，对传输过来的数据进行校验。确保数据在传输工程中不被修改。

流程分析：

1. 甲方构建密钥对儿，将公钥公布给乙方，将私钥保留。
2. 甲方使用私钥加密数据，然后用私钥对加密后的数据签名，发送给乙方签名以及加密后的数据；乙方使用公钥、签名来验证待解密数据是否有效，如果有效使用公钥对数据解密。
3. 乙方使用公钥加密数据，向甲方发送经过加密后的数据；甲方获得加密数据，通过私钥解密。

按如上步骤给出序列图，如下：

1. 
2. 
3. 

通过java代码实现如下：Coder类见 Java加密技术（一）

Java代码

1. import java.security.Key; 
2. import java.security.KeyFactory; 
3. import java.security.KeyPair; 
4. import java.security.KeyPairGenerator; 
5. import java.security.PrivateKey; 
6. import java.security.PublicKey; 
7. import java.security.Signature; 
8. import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey; 
9. import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey; 
10. import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec; 
11. import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec; 
12.  
13. import java.util.HashMap; 
14. import java.util.Map; 
15.  
16. import javax.crypto.Cipher; 
17.  
18. /**
19. * RSA安全编码组件
20. *
21. * @author 梁栋
22. * @version 1.0
23. * @since 1.0
24. */ 
25. public abstract class RSACoder extends Coder { 
26.     public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA"; 
27.     public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA"; 
28.  
29.     private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey"; 
30.     private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey"; 
31.  
32.     /**
33.      * 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
34.      *
35.      * @param data
36.      *            加密数据
37.      * @param privateKey
38.      *            私钥
39.      *
40.      * @return
41.      * @throws Exception
42.      */ 
43.     public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception { 
44.         // 解密由base64编码的私钥 
45.         byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(privateKey); 
46.  
47.         // 构造PKCS8EncodedKeySpec对象 
48.         PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); 
49.  
50.         // KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法 
51.         KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); 
52.  
53.         // 取私钥匙对象 
54.         PrivateKey priKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec); 
55.  
56.         // 用私钥对信息生成数字签名 
57.         Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM); 
58.         signature.initSign(priKey); 
59.         signature.update(data); 
60.  
61.         return encryptBASE64(signature.sign()); 
62.     } 
63.  
64.     /**
65.      * 校验数字签名
66.      *
67.      * @param data
68.      *            加密数据
69.      * @param publicKey
70.      *            公钥
71.      * @param sign
72.      *            数字签名
73.      *
74.      * @return 校验成功返回true 失败返回false
75.      * @throws Exception
76.      *
77.      */ 
78.     public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign) 
79.             throws Exception { 
80.  
81.         // 解密由base64编码的公钥 
82.         byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(publicKey); 
83.  
84.         // 构造X509EncodedKeySpec对象 
85.         X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); 
86.  
87.         // KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法 
88.         KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); 
89.  
90.         // 取公钥匙对象 
91.         PublicKey pubKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec); 
92.  
93.         Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM); 
94.         signature.initVerify(pubKey); 
95.         signature.update(data); 
96.  
97.         // 验证签名是否正常 
98.         return signature.verify(decryptBASE64(sign)); 
99.     } 
100.  
101.     /**
102.      * 解密<br>
103.      * 用私钥解密
104.      *
105.      * @param data
106.      * @param key
107.      * @return
108.      * @throws Exception
109.      */ 
110.     public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key) 
111.             throws Exception { 
112.         // 对密钥解密 
113.         byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key); 
114.  
115.         // 取得私钥 
116.         PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); 
117.         KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); 
118.         Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec); 
119.  
120.         // 对数据解密 
121.         Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm()); 
122.         cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey); 
123.  
124.         return cipher.doFinal(data); 
125.     } 
126.  
127.     /**
128.      * 解密<br>
129.      * 用公钥解密
130.      *
131.      * @param data
132.      * @param key
133.      * @return
134.      * @throws Exception
135.      */ 
136.     public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String key) 
137.             throws Exception { 
138.         // 对密钥解密 
139.         byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key); 
140.  
141.         // 取得公钥 
142.         X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); 
143.         KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); 
144.         Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec); 
145.  
146.         // 对数据解密 
147.         Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm()); 
148.         cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey); 
149.  
150.         return cipher.doFinal(data); 
151.     } 
152.  
153.     /**
154.      * 加密<br>
155.      * 用公钥加密
156.      *
157.      * @param data
158.      * @param key
159.      * @return
160.      * @throws Exception
161.      */ 
162.     public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String key) 
163.             throws Exception { 
164.         // 对公钥解密 
165.         byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key); 
166.  
167.         // 取得公钥 
168.         X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); 
169.         KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); 
170.         Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec); 
171.  
172.         // 对数据加密 
173.         Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm()); 
174.         cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey); 
175.  
176.         return cipher.doFinal(data); 
177.     } 
178.  
179.     /**
180.      * 加密<br>
181.      * 用私钥加密
182.      *
183.      * @param data
184.      * @param key
185.      * @return
186.      * @throws Exception
187.      */ 
188.     public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key) 
189.             throws Exception { 
190.         // 对密钥解密 
191.         byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key); 
192.  
193.         // 取得私钥 
194.         PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); 
195.         KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); 
196.         Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec); 
197.  
198.         // 对数据加密 
199.         Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm()); 
200.         cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey); 
201.  
202.         return cipher.doFinal(data); 
203.     } 
204.  
205.     /**
206.      * 取得私钥
207.      *
208.      * @param keyMap
209.      * @return
210.      * @throws Exception
211.      */ 
212.     public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) 
213.             throws Exception { 
214.         Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY); 
215.  
216.         return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded()); 
217.     } 
218.  
219.     /**
220.      * 取得公钥
221.      *
222.      * @param keyMap
223.      * @return
224.      * @throws Exception
225.      */ 
226.     public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) 
227.             throws Exception { 
228.         Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY); 
229.  
230.         return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded()); 
231.     } 
232.  
233.     /**
234.      * 初始化密钥
235.      *
236.      * @return
237.      * @throws Exception
238.      */ 
239.     public static Map<String, Object> initKey() throws Exception { 
240.         KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator 
241.                 .getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); 
242.         keyPairGen.initialize(1024); 
243.  
244.         KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair(); 
245.  
246.         // 公钥 
247.         RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic(); 
248.  
249.         // 私钥 
250.         RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate(); 
251.  
252.         Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2); 
253.  
254.         keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey); 
255.         keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey); 
256.         return keyMap; 
257.     } 
258. } 

import java.security.Key;import java.security.KeyFactory;import java.security.KeyPair;import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;import java.security.PrivateKey;import java.security.PublicKey;import java.security.Signature;import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import javax.crypto.Cipher;/** * RSA安全编码组件 * * @author 梁栋 * @version 1.0 * @since 1.0 */public abstract class RSACoder extends Coder {public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA";private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";/** * 用私钥对信息生成数字签名 * * @param data * 加密数据 * @param privateKey * 私钥 * * @return * @throws Exception */public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {// 解密由base64编码的私钥byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(privateKey);// 构造PKCS8EncodedKeySpec对象PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);// KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);// 取私钥匙对象PrivateKey priKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);// 用私钥对信息生成数字签名Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);signature.initSign(priKey);signature.update(data);return encryptBASE64(signature.sign());}/** * 校验数字签名 * * @param data * 加密数据 * @param publicKey * 公钥 * @param sign * 数字签名 * * @return 校验成功返回true 失败返回false * @throws Exception * */public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign)throws Exception {// 解密由base64编码的公钥byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(publicKey);// 构造X509EncodedKeySpec对象X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);// KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);// 取公钥匙对象PublicKey pubKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);signature.initVerify(pubKey);signature.update(data);// 验证签名是否正常return signature.verify(decryptBASE64(sign));}/** * 解密<br> * 用私钥解密 * * @param data * @param key * @return * @throws Exception */public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key)throws Exception {// 对密钥解密byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 取得私钥PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);// 对数据解密Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);return cipher.doFinal(data);}/** * 解密<br> * 用公钥解密 * * @param data * @param key * @return * @throws Exception */public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String key)throws Exception {// 对密钥解密byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 取得公钥X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);// 对数据解密Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);return cipher.doFinal(data);}/** * 加密<br> * 用公钥加密 * * @param data * @param key * @return * @throws Exception */public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String key)throws Exception {// 对公钥解密byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 取得公钥X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);// 对数据加密Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);return cipher.doFinal(data);}/** * 加密<br> * 用私钥加密 * * @param data * @param key * @return * @throws Exception */public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key)throws Exception {// 对密钥解密byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 取得私钥PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);// 对数据加密Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);return cipher.doFinal(data);}/** * 取得私钥 * * @param keyMap * @return * @throws Exception */public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)throws Exception {Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());}/** * 取得公钥 * * @param keyMap * @return * @throws Exception */public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)throws Exception {Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());}/** * 初始化密钥 * * @return * @throws Exception */public static Map<String, Object> initKey() throws Exception {KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);keyPairGen.initialize(1024);KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();// 公钥RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();// 私钥RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);return keyMap;}}

再给出一个测试类：

Java代码

1. import static org.junit.Assert.*; 
2.  
3. import org.junit.Before; 
4. import org.junit.Test; 
5.  
6. import java.util.Map; 
7.  
8. /**
9. *
10. * @author 梁栋
11. * @version 1.0
12. * @since 1.0
13. */ 
14. public class RSACoderTest { 
15.     private String publicKey; 
16.     private String privateKey; 
17.  
18.     @Before 
19.     public void setUp() throws Exception { 
20.         Map<String, Object> keyMap = RSACoder.initKey(); 
21.  
22.         publicKey = RSACoder.getPublicKey(keyMap); 
23.         privateKey = RSACoder.getPrivateKey(keyMap); 
24.         System.err.println("公钥: \n\r" + publicKey); 
25.         System.err.println("私钥： \n\r" + privateKey); 
26.     } 
27.  
28.     @Test 
29.     public void test() throws Exception { 
30.         System.err.println("公钥加密——私钥解密"); 
31.         String inputStr = "abc"; 
32.         byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes(); 
33.  
34.         byte[] encodedData = RSACoder.encryptByPublicKey(data, publicKey); 
35.  
36.         byte[] decodedData = RSACoder.decryptByPrivateKey(encodedData, 
37.                 privateKey); 
38.  
39.         String outputStr = new String(decodedData); 
40.         System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr); 
41.         assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr); 
42.  
43.     } 
44.  
45.     @Test 
46.     public void testSign() throws Exception { 
47.         System.err.println("私钥加密——公钥解密"); 
48.         String inputStr = "sign"; 
49.         byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes(); 
50.  
51.         byte[] encodedData = RSACoder.encryptByPrivateKey(data, privateKey); 
52.  
53.         byte[] decodedData = RSACoder 
54.                 .decryptByPublicKey(encodedData, publicKey); 
55.  
56.         String outputStr = new String(decodedData); 
57.         System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr); 
58.         assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr); 
59.  
60.         System.err.println("私钥签名——公钥验证签名"); 
61.         // 产生签名 
62.         String sign = RSACoder.sign(encodedData, privateKey); 
63.         System.err.println("签名:\r" + sign); 
64.  
65.         // 验证签名 
66.         boolean status = RSACoder.verify(encodedData, publicKey, sign); 
67.         System.err.println("状态:\r" + status); 
68.         assertTrue(status); 
69.  
70.     } 
71.  
72. } 

import static org.junit.Assert.*;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import java.util.Map;/** * * @author 梁栋 * @version 1.0 * @since 1.0 */public class RSACoderTest {private String publicKey;private String privateKey;@Beforepublic void setUp() throws Exception {Map<String, Object> keyMap = RSACoder.initKey();publicKey = RSACoder.getPublicKey(keyMap);privateKey = RSACoder.getPrivateKey(keyMap);System.err.println("公钥: \n\r" + publicKey);System.err.println("私钥： \n\r" + privateKey);}@Testpublic void test() throws Exception {System.err.println("公钥加密——私钥解密");String inputStr = "abc";byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();byte[] encodedData = RSACoder.encryptByPublicKey(data, publicKey);byte[] decodedData = RSACoder.decryptByPrivateKey(encodedData,privateKey);String outputStr = new String(decodedData);System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr);}@Testpublic void testSign() throws Exception {System.err.println("私钥加密——公钥解密");String inputStr = "sign";byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();byte[] encodedData = RSACoder.encryptByPrivateKey(data, privateKey);byte[] decodedData = RSACoder.decryptByPublicKey(encodedData, publicKey);String outputStr = new String(decodedData);System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr);System.err.println("私钥签名——公钥验证签名");// 产生签名String sign = RSACoder.sign(encodedData, privateKey);System.err.println("签名:\r" + sign);// 验证签名boolean status = RSACoder.verify(encodedData, publicKey, sign);System.err.println("状态:\r" + status);assertTrue(status);}}

控制台输出：

Console代码

1. 公钥:  
2.  
3. MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCYU/+I0+z1aBl5X6DUUOHQ7FZpmBSDbKTtx89J 
4. EcB64jFCkunELT8qiKly7fzEqD03g8ALlu5XvX+bBqHFy7YPJJP0ekE2X3wjUnh2NxlqpH3/B/xm 
5. 1ZdSlCwDIkbijhBVDjA/bu5BObhZqQmDwIxlQInL9oVz+o6FbAZCyHBd7wIDAQAB 
6.  
7. 私钥：  
8.  
9. MIICdgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmAwggJcAgEAAoGBAJhT/4jT7PVoGXlfoNRQ4dDsVmmY 
10. FINspO3Hz0kRwHriMUKS6cQtPyqIqXLt/MSoPTeDwAuW7le9f5sGocXLtg8kk/R6QTZffCNSeHY3 
11. GWqkff8H/GbVl1KULAMiRuKOEFUOMD9u7kE5uFmpCYPAjGVAicv2hXP6joVsBkLIcF3vAgMBAAEC 
12. gYBvZHWoZHmS2EZQqKqeuGr58eobG9hcZzWQoJ4nq/CarBAjw/VovUHE490uK3S9ht4FW7Yzg3LV 
13. /MB06Huifh6qf/X9NQA7SeZRRC8gnCQk6JuDIEVJOud5jU+9tyumJakDKodQ3Jf2zQtNr+5ZdEPl 
14. uwWgv9c4kmpjhAdyMuQmYQJBANn6pcgvyYaia52dnu+yBUsGkaFfwXkzFSExIbi0MXTkhEb/ER/D 
15. rLytukkUu5S5ecz/KBa8U4xIslZDYQbLz5ECQQCy5dutt7RsxN4+dxCWn0/1FrkWl2G329Ucewm3 
16. QU9CKu4D+7Kqdj+Ha3lXP8F0Etaaapi7+EfkRUpukn2ItZV/AkEAlk+I0iphxT1rCB0Q5CjWDY5S 
17. Df2B5JmdEG5Y2o0nLXwG2w44OLct/k2uD4cEcuITY5Dvi/4BftMCZwm/dnhEgQJACIktJSnJwxLV 
18. o9dchENPtlsCM9C/Sd2EWpqISSUlmfugZbJBwR5pQ5XeMUqKeXZYpP+HEBj1nS+tMH9u2/IGEwJA 
19. fL8mZiZXan/oBKrblAbplNcKWGRVD/3y65042PAEeghahlJMiYquV5DzZajuuT0wbJ5xQuZB01+X 
20. nfpFpBJ2dw== 
21.  
22. 公钥加密——私钥解密 
23. 加密前: abc 
24.  
25. 解密后: abc 
26. 公钥:  
27.  
28. MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDdOj40yEB48XqWxmPILmJAc7UecIN7F32etSHF 
29. 9rwbuEh3+iTPOGSxhoSQpOED0vOb0ZIMkBXZSgsxLaBSin2RZ09YKWRjtpCA0kDkiD11gj4tzTiM 
30. l9qq1kwSK7ZkGAgodEn3yIILVmQDuEImHOXFtulvJ71ka07u3LuwUNdB/wIDAQAB 
31.  
32. 私钥：  
33.  
34. MIICdwIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmEwggJdAgEAAoGBAN06PjTIQHjxepbGY8guYkBztR5w 
35. g3sXfZ61IcX2vBu4SHf6JM84ZLGGhJCk4QPS85vRkgyQFdlKCzEtoFKKfZFnT1gpZGO2kIDSQOSI 
36. PXWCPi3NOIyX2qrWTBIrtmQYCCh0SffIggtWZAO4QiYc5cW26W8nvWRrTu7cu7BQ10H/AgMBAAEC 
37. gYEAz2JWBizjI31bqhP4XiP9PuY5F3vqBW4T+L9cFbQiyumKJc58yzTWUAUGKIIn3enXLG7dNqGr 
38. mbJro4JeFIJ3CiVDpXR9+FluIgI4SXm7ioGKF2NOMA9LR5Fu82W+pLfpTN2y2SaLYWEDZyp53BxY 
39. j9gUxaxi1MQs+C1ZgDF2xmECQQDy70bQntbRfysP+ppCtd56YRnES1Tyekw0wryS2tr+ivQJl7JF 
40. gp5rPAOXpgrq36xHDwUspQ0sJ0vj0O7ywxr1AkEA6SAaLhrJJrYucC0jxwAhUYyaPN+aOsWymaRh 
41. 9jA/Wc0wp29SbGTh5CcMuGpXm1g0M+FKW3dGiHgS3rVUKim4owJAbnxgapUzAgiiHxxMeDaavnHW 
42. 9C2GrtjsO7qtZOTgYI/1uT8itvZW8lJTF+9OW8/qXE76fXl7ai9dFnl5kzMk2QJBALfHz/vCsArt 
43. mkRiwY6zApE4Z6tPl1V33ymSVovvUzHnOdD1SKQdD5t+UV/crb3QVi8ED0t2B0u0ZSPfDT/D7kMC 
44. QDpwdj9k2F5aokLHBHUNJPFDAp7a5QMaT64gv/d48ITJ68Co+v5WzLMpzJBYXK6PAtqIhxbuPEc2 
45. I2k1Afmrwyw= 
46.  
47. 私钥加密——公钥解密 
48. 加密前: sign 
49.  
50. 解密后: sign 
51. 私钥签名——公钥验证签名 
52. 签名: 
53. ud1RsIwmSC1pN22I4IXteg1VD2FbiehKUfNxgVSHzvQNIK+d20FCkHCqh9djP3h94iWnIUY0ifU+ 
54. mbJkhAl/i5krExOE0hknOnPMcEP+lZV1RbJI2zG2YooSp2XDleqrQk5e/QF2Mx0Zxt8Xsg7ucVpn 
55. i3wwbYWs9wSzIf0UjlM= 
56.  
57. 状态: 
58. true 

公钥: MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCYU/+I0+z1aBl5X6DUUOHQ7FZpmBSDbKTtx89JEcB64jFCkunELT8qiKly7fzEqD03g8ALlu5XvX+bBqHFy7YPJJP0ekE2X3wjUnh2NxlqpH3/B/xm1ZdSlCwDIkbijhBVDjA/bu5BObhZqQmDwIxlQInL9oVz+o6FbAZCyHBd7wIDAQAB私钥： 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公钥加密——私钥解密加密前: abc解密后: abc公钥: MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDdOj40yEB48XqWxmPILmJAc7UecIN7F32etSHF9rwbuEh3+iTPOGSxhoSQpOED0vOb0ZIMkBXZSgsxLaBSin2RZ09YKWRjtpCA0kDkiD11gj4tzTiMl9qq1kwSK7ZkGAgodEn3yIILVmQDuEImHOXFtulvJ71ka07u3LuwUNdB/wIDAQAB私钥： 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私钥加密——公钥解密加密前: sign解密后: sign私钥签名——公钥验证签名签名:ud1RsIwmSC1pN22I4IXteg1VD2FbiehKUfNxgVSHzvQNIK+d20FCkHCqh9djP3h94iWnIUY0ifU+mbJkhAl/i5krExOE0hknOnPMcEP+lZV1RbJI2zG2YooSp2XDleqrQk5e/QF2Mx0Zxt8Xsg7ucVpni3wwbYWs9wSzIf0UjlM=状态:true

    简要总结一下，使用公钥加密、私钥解密，完成了乙方到甲方的一次数据传递，通过私钥加密、公钥解密，同时通过私钥签名、公钥验证签名，完成了一次甲方到乙方的数据传递与验证，两次数据传递完成一整套的数据交互！

类似数字签名，数字信封是这样描述的：

数字信封
　　数字信封用加密技术来保证只有特定的收信人才能阅读信的内容。
流程：
    信息发送方采用对称密钥来加密信息，然后再用接收方的公钥来加密此对称密钥（这部分称为数字信封），再将它和信息一起发送给接收方；接收方先用相应的私钥打开数字信封，得到对称密钥，然后使用对称密钥再解开信息。

 

 

 

http://snowolf.iteye.com/blog/381767