Java 之集合排序

• 排序
• Comparable接口
• Comparator接口 排序器
• 通用排序器

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1. 排序

我们都知道，算法有各种各样的算法。排序算法通常使用的主要有九种。但是，我们排序的时候，如果自己实现算法的话就会非常麻烦，那么我们在工业界的代码应该如何书写的？Java内主要提供了Comparable接口和Comparator 接口。

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2. Comparable接口

主要需要门重写Model对象中的compareTo(Object o)类。
举例说明如下所示:

package test;

import java.util.Comparator;
/**
 * 具体的比较类（比较器），实现Comparator接口
 * @author breeze
 *
 */
public class ComparatorConsunInfo implements Comparator<ConsumInfo> {
    /**
     * 顺序（从小到大）：
     * if(price < o.price){
            return -1;
        }
        if(price > o.price){
            return 1;
        }
     * 倒序（从大到小）：
     * if(price < o.price){
            return 1;
        }
        if(price > o.price){
            return -1;
        }
     */
    @Override
    public int compare(ConsumInfo o1, ConsumInfo o2) {
         //首先比较price，如果price相同，则比较uid
        if(o1.getPrice() > o2.getPrice()){
            return 1;
        }

        if(o1.getPrice() < o2.getPrice()){
            return -1;
        }

        if(o1.getPrice() == o2.getPrice()){
            if(o1.getUid() > o2.getUid()){
                return 1;
            }
            if(o1.getUid() < o2.getUid()){
                return -1;
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }

}


/**
 * 需要进行比较的类
 * @author breeze
 *
 */
public class ConsumInfo{
    private int uid;
    private String name;
    private double price;
    private Date datetime;

    public ConsumInfo() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public ConsumInfo(int uid,String name,double price,Date datetime){
        this.uid = uid;
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
        this.datetime = datetime;

    }

    public int getUid() {
        return uid;
    }

    public void setUid(int uid) {
        this.uid = uid;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public Date getDatetime() {
        return datetime;
    }

    public void setDatetime(Date datetime) {
        this.datetime = datetime;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ConsumInfo [uid=" + uid + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price
                + ", datetime=" + datetime + "]";
    }

}


//测试类
public class ConsumInfoTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ConsumInfo consumInfo1 = new ConsumInfo(100, "consumInfo1", 400.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo2 = new ConsumInfo(200, "consumInfo1", 200.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo3 = new ConsumInfo(300, "consumInfo1", 100.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo4 = new ConsumInfo(400, "consumInfo1", 700.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo5 = new ConsumInfo(500, "consumInfo1", 800.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo6 = new ConsumInfo(600, "consumInfo1", 300.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo7 = new ConsumInfo(700, "consumInfo1", 900.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo8 = new ConsumInfo(800, "consumInfo1", 400.0,new Date());

        List<ConsumInfo> list = new ArrayList<ConsumInfo>();
        list.add(consumInfo1);
        list.add(consumInfo2);
        list.add(consumInfo3);
        list.add(consumInfo4);
        list.add(consumInfo5);
        list.add(consumInfo6);
        list.add(consumInfo7);
        list.add(consumInfo8);

        System.out.println("排序前：");
        //排序前
        for(ConsumInfo consumInfo : list ){
            System.out.println(consumInfo);
        }
        ComparatorConsunInfo comparatorConsunInfo = new ComparatorConsunInfo();//比较器
        Collections.sort(list,comparatorConsunInfo);//排序
        System.out.println("排序后：");
        //排序后
        for(ConsumInfo consumInfo :list){
            System.out.println(consumInfo);
        }
    }
}

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3. Comparator接口

主要需要重写其中的compare(Object o1, Object o2)方法。

举例

package com.mxl.algorithlm;

import java.util.Date;
/**
 * 因为要实现对ConsumInfo对象的排序，所以在ConsunInfo类中要实现Comparable接口，也就是要实现compareTo()方法
 * 具体的比较参照：依次按照price、uid进行倒序排序
 * @author breeze
 *
 */
public class ConsumInfo implements Comparable<ConsumInfo> {
    private int uid;
    private String name;
    private double price;
    private Date datetime;

    public ConsumInfo() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    public ConsumInfo(int uid,String name,double price,Date datetime){
        this.uid = uid;
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
        this.datetime = datetime;

    }

    public int getUid() {
        return uid;
    }

    public void setUid(int uid) {
        this.uid = uid;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public Date getDatetime() {
        return datetime;
    }

    public void setDatetime(Date datetime) {
        this.datetime = datetime;
    }


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ConsumInfo [uid=" + uid + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price
                + ", datetime=" + datetime + "]";
    }
    /**
     * 这里比较的是什么, Collections.sort方法实现的就是按照此比较的东西排列
     * 顺序（从小到大）：
     * if(price < o.price){
            return -1;
        }
        if(price > o.price){
            return 1;
        }
     * 倒序（从大到小）：
     * if(price < o.price){
            return 1;
        }
        if(price > o.price){
            return -1;
        }
     * 
     */
    @Override
    public int compareTo(ConsumInfo o) {
        //首先比较price，如果price相同，则比较uid
        if(price < o.price){
            return -1;
        }
        if(price > o.price){
            return 1;
        }

        if(price == o.price){
            if(uid < o.uid){
                return -1;
            }
            if(uid > o.uid){
                return 1;
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }


}

//测试类

package com.mxl.algorithlm;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

public class ConsumInfoTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ConsumInfo consumInfo1 = new ConsumInfo(100, "consumInfo1", 400.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo2 = new ConsumInfo(200, "consumInfo1", 200.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo3 = new ConsumInfo(300, "consumInfo1", 100.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo4 = new ConsumInfo(400, "consumInfo1", 700.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo5 = new ConsumInfo(500, "consumInfo1", 800.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo6 = new ConsumInfo(600, "consumInfo1", 300.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo7 = new ConsumInfo(700, "consumInfo1", 900.0,new Date());
        ConsumInfo consumInfo8 = new ConsumInfo(800, "consumInfo1", 400.0,new Date());

        List<ConsumInfo> list = new ArrayList<ConsumInfo>();
        list.add(consumInfo1);
        list.add(consumInfo2);
        list.add(consumInfo3);
        list.add(consumInfo4);
        list.add(consumInfo5);
        list.add(consumInfo6);
        list.add(consumInfo7);
        list.add(consumInfo8);
        System.out.println("排序前：");
        //排序前
        for(ConsumInfo consumInfo : list ){
            System.out.println(consumInfo);
        }

        Collections.sort(list);//排序
        System.out.println("排序后：");
        //排序后
        for(ConsumInfo consumInfo :list){
            System.out.println(consumInfo);
        }
    }
}

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4. 通用性排序器

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Comparator;

public class IdComparator<T> implements Comparator<T>{

    private String attributeName;

    public IdComparator(){

    }

    public IdComparator(String attributeName){
        this.attributeName = attributeName;
    }
    public String getAttributeName() {
        return attributeName;
    }

    public void setAttributeName(String attributeName) {
        this.attributeName = attributeName;
    }

     /**
       * 如果o1小于o2,返回一个负数;如果o1大于o2，返回一个正数;如果他们相等，则返回0;
       */
    @Override
    public int compare(T o1, T o2) {
        try {
            Class<? extends Object> tClass = o1.getClass();
            Method method = tClass.getMethod(attributeName);
            Class<?> returnType = method.getReturnType();
            Object obj = returnType.newInstance();
            obj.getClass().getName();

            if (returnType.newInstance() instanceof Integer) {  
            // 可以替换为Number类
            // 因为基本数据类型只有 Number类和 String类类型
                Integer number1 = (Integer) method.invoke(o1);
                Integer number2 = (Integer) method.invoke(o2);
                if (number1 > number2) {
                    return 1;
                } else if (number1 < number2) {
                        return -1;
                } else {
                        return 0;
                }
            }else if(returnType.newInstance() instanceof String){
                String str1 = (String) method.invoke(o1);
                String str2 = (String) method.invoke(o2);
                if (str1.compareTo(str2) > 0) {
                    return 1;
                } else if (str1.compareTo(str2) < 0) {
                        return -1;
                } else {
                        return 0;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        return -1;
    }


}

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5. 参考文献

[1]. Java中实现对象的比较：Comparable接口和Comparator接口
[2]. 比较器：Compare接口与Comparator接口区别与理解