Linux ps命令学习

一、 PS 命令简介：

                 ps命令就是最根本相应情况下也是相当强大地进程查看命令.运用该命令可以确定有哪些进程正在运行和运行地状态、进程是否结束、进程有没有僵死、
                             
                         哪些进程占用了过多地资源等等.总之大部分信息均为可以通过执行该命令得到地.

二、 PS 命令及其参数：

                 ps命令最经常使用地还是用于监控后台进程地工作情况,因为后台进程是不和屏幕键盘这些标准输入/输出设备进行通信地,
                   
                         所以如果需要检测其情况,便可以运用ps命令了
                        
                    ps [选项]

                              下面对命令选项进行说明：
                             
                              -e 显示所有进程。
                             
                              -f 全格式。
                             
                              -h 不显示标题。
                             
                              -l 长格式。
                             
                              -w 宽输出。
                             
                              a 显示终端上的所有进程，包括其他用户的进程。
                             
                              r 只显示正在运行的进程。
                             
                              x 显示没有控制终端的进程。
                             
                              O[+|-] k1 [，[+|-] k2 [，…]] 根据SHORT KEYS、k1、k2中快捷键指定的多级排序顺序显示进程列表。
                             
                              对于ps的不同格式都存在着默认的顺序指定。这些默认顺序可以被用户的指定所覆盖。其中“+”字符是可选
                             
                              的，“-”字符是倒转指定键的方向。
                             
                              pids 只列出付ń 痰那榭觥８鹘 蘄D之间使用逗号分隔。该进程列表必须在命令行参数的最后一个选项
                             
                              后面紧接着给出，中间不能插入空格。比如：ps -f1,4,5。
                             
                              以下介绍长命令行选项，这些选项都使用“--”开头：

                              --sort X[+|-] key [，[+|-] key [，…]] 从SORT KEYS段中选一个多字母键。“+”字符是可选的，因
                             
                              为默认的方向就是按数字升序或者词典顺序。比如： ps -jax -sort=uid，-ppid，+pid。
                        
                        
                        
                         排序键列表

                              短格式
                              长格式
                              说 明
                             
                              c
                              cmd
                              可执行的简单名称
                             
                              C
                              cmdline
                              完整命令行
                             
                              f
                              flags
                              长模式标志
                             
                              g
                              pgrp
                              进程的组ID
                             
                              G
                              tpgid
                              控制tty进程组ID
                             
                              j
                              cutime
                              累计用户时间
                             
                              J
                              cstime
                              累计系统时间
                             
                              k
                              utime
                              用户时间
                             
                              K
                              stime
                              系统时间
                             
                              m
                              min_flt
                              次要页错误的数量
                             
                              M
                              maj_flt
                              主要页错误的数量
                             
                              n
                              cmin_flt
                              累计次要页错误
                             
                              N
                              cmaj_flt
                              累计主要页错误
                             
                              o
                              session
                              对话ID
                             
                              p
                              pid
                              进程ID
                             
                              P
                              ppid
                              父进程ID
                             
                              r
                              rss
                              驻留大小
                             
                              R
                              resident
                              驻留页
                             
                              s
                              size
                              内存大小（千字节）
                             
                              S
                              share
                              共享页的数量
                             
                              t
                              tty
                              tty次要设备号
                             
                              T
                              start_time
                              进程启动的时间
                             
                              U
                              uid
                              UID
                             
                              u
                              user
                              用户名
                             
                              v
                              vsize
                              总的虚拟内存数量（字节）
                             
                              y
                              priority
                              内核调度优先级