一、千里之行,始于新建工程,导入依赖包
asm-3.3.jar
asm-commons-3.3.jar
asm-tree-3.3.jar
com.springsource.net.sf.cglib-2.2.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
commons-fileupload-1.3.jar
commons-io-2.0.1.jar
commons-lang3-3.1.jar
commons-logging-1.1.3.jar
ehcache-core-2.4.3.jar
freemarker-2.3.19.jar
javassist-3.11.0.GA.jar
log4j-1.2.15.jar
log4j-1.2.17.jar
ognl-3.0.6.jar
shiro-aspectj-1.2.2.jar
shiro-cas-1.2.2.jar
shiro-core-1.2.2.jar
shiro-ehcache-1.2.2.jar
shiro-guice-1.2.2.jar
shiro-quartz-1.2.2.jar
shiro-spring-1.2.2.jar
shiro-tools-hasher-1.2.2-cli.jar
shiro-web-1.2.2.jar
slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar
slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar
spring-aop-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-orm-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
struts2-core-2.3.15.3.jar
struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar
xwork-core-2.3.15.3.jar
二、配置web.xml 必不可少
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<!-- 1.配置springIOC容器监听器 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--2.配置shiro过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--3.配置struts2过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
三、配置spring配置文件application.xml更为重要!
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 1.配置要扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.tan.shiro"></context:component-scan>
<!--2.配置CacheManager实例:管理Shiro相关缓存操作 -->
<bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManager">
<property name="cacheManagerConfigFile" value="classpath:ehcache-shiro.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!--3.配置realm实例,实际的认证和授权都是由Realm实例来完成的! -->
<bean id="myRealm" class="com.tan.shiro.realm.MyRealm"></bean>
<!-- 4.配置 SecurityManager 实例. SecurityManager 是 Shiro 最核心的组件 -->
<bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
<property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager"/>
<property name="realm" ref="myRealm"/>
</bean>
<!--5.配置bean的后置处理器来自动调用Shiro中的bean的init和destroy方法。 -->
<bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor"></bean>
<!--6.配置使shiro注解起作用的bean,需要放在 lifecycleBeanPostProcessor后面 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" depends-on="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"></bean>
<bean class="org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor">
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"></property>
</bean>
<!--
7.配置哪些页面需要被拦截,以及访问这些页面所需的权限 。
该bean中的id 属性值必须和 web.xml 文件中配置的 filter 的 filter-name 值一致
-->
<bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"></property>
<!--①配置登陆页面 -->
<property name="loginUrl" value="/login.jsp"></property>
<property name="successUrl" value="/list.jsp"></property>
<property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/unauthorize.jsp"></property>
<!--②配置需要被拦截的资源 以及访问权限 -->
<property name="filterChainDefinitions">
<value>
<!-- anon: 表示匿名的, 即任何人都可以访问 -->
/login.jsp=anon
/login=anon
/logout=logout
<!--③设置访问具体资源的权限 -->
/admin.jsp=roles[admin]
/user.jsp=roles[user]
<!-- authc 表示必须经过认证之后才可以访问的页面 -->
/**=authc
</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
四、新建自定义Realm来实现自定义的认证和授权
package com.tan.shiro.realm;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.LockedAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
public class MyRealm extends AuthorizingRealm implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
//一、认证 (自定义认证)
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(
AuthenticationToken arg0) throws AuthenticationException {
//强转为UsernamePasswordToken类型
UsernamePasswordToken token=(UsernamePasswordToken)arg0;
//获取用户名和密码(密码要转为字符串类型)
String username = token.getUsername();
String password = new String(token.getPassword());
//测试一下,看是否得到了用户名和密码
System.out.println("username: " + username + ", password: " + password);
//模拟查询数据库进行登录操作
if("a".equals(username)){
throw new UnknownAccountException("没有这个账号");
}
if("a".equals(password)){
throw new IncorrectCredentialsException("密码错误");
}
if("b".equals(username)){
throw new LockedAccountException("账号被锁定!");
}
//利用新建的类来创建对象
ShiroUser user=new ShiroUser();
user.setUsername(username); //将页面中的username值设置进去
//模拟设置权限部分:要分别来判断
if("admin".equals(username)){
//如果用户名为:admin,则为其增加2个角色 admin和user
user.getRoles().add("admin");
user.getRoles().add("user");
}else if("user".equals(username)){
//如果用户名为:user,则为其增加user角色
user.getRoles().add("user");
}
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user, password,getName());
}
//二、授权(自定义)
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection arg0) {
//arg0.getPrimaryPrincipal(): 实际上是在认证时返回的 SimpleAuthenticationInfo 的第一个参数!
Object principal = arg0.getPrimaryPrincipal();
ShiroUser user = (ShiroUser) principal;
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(user.getRoles());
return info;
}
//新建一个类定义用户角色和权限
class ShiroUser implements Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String username;
private Set<String>roles=new HashSet<String>();
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public Set<String> getRoles() {
return roles;
}
public void setRoles(Set<String> roles) {
this.roles = roles;
}
}
}
五、利用Struts2新建Controller来控制登陆
package com.tan.shiro.action;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.LockedAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
@Controller
@Scope("prototype")
public class LoginAction {
private String username;
private String password;
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String login(){
System.out.println("[login...]");
//1.获取当前的用户
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
//2.把登录信息封装为一个 UsernamePasswordToken 对象
UsernamePasswordToken token=new UsernamePasswordToken(this.username,this.password);
//3.设置"记住我"功能
token.setRememberMe(true);
try {
// *登录操作!
currentUser.login(token);
} catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
System.out.println("用户名不存在: " + uae);
return "input";
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
System.out.println("用户名存在,但密码和用户名不匹配: " + ice);
return "input";
} catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
System.out.println("用户被锁定: " + lae);
return "input";
} catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
System.out.println("其他异常: " + ae);
return "input";
}
return "success";
}
}
六、配置struts.xml 来渲染视图
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="login" class="loginAction" method="login">
<result>/list.jsp</result>
<result name="input">/login.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="page" class="loginAction" method="getPage">
<result name="success"></result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
七、在webContent下新建几个简单的跳转页面
admin.jsp | list.jsp | login.jsp |user.jsp | unauthorize.jsp
【补充】
ehcache-shiro.xml文件可以从源码中获取,为了大家方便还是粘出来O(∩_∩)O~
<ehcache>
<diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir/shiro-spring-sample"/>
<defaultCache
maxElementsInMemory="10000"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="120"
timeToLiveSeconds="120"
overflowToDisk="false"
diskPersistent="false"
diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"
/>
<cache name="shiro-activeSessionCache"
maxElementsInMemory="10000"
eternal="true"
overflowToDisk="true"
diskPersistent="true"
diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="600"/>
<cache name="org.apache.shiro.realm.SimpleAccountRealm.authorization"
maxElementsInMemory="100"
eternal="false"
timeToLiveSeconds="600"
overflowToDisk="false"/>
</ehcache>
当然,本人也有很多不明白的地方,毫无保留粘出来给大家分享,如果有什么意见尽管提出!
这个Shiro框架着实很强大,能将权限级别控制到方法上,是不是更加细粒度的权限控制呢?
下节继续探讨更加深入的权限控制以及使用shiro注解,欢迎拍砖指正!