在实际开发中,有时候我们会遇到这样一种情况:就是有些布局或者view 不怎么经常用到,但是它的布局非常复杂,为了加载这种不经常用到的布局需要消耗很大的内存,而且对于配置低的手机来说,渲染也是比较慢的。碰到这样一种情况怎么办呢?有些人说直接设置View.gone。但是这仅仅是显示上处于隐藏而已,还是会占用内存空间。这时,ViewStub 就派上用场了。它可以实现动态的加载,也就是inflate()。先给出一个布局文件:
这里有两个变量需要注意一下,一个是mInflateId,它的作用是作为加载layout后,layout的id,,还有一个就是mLayoutResource,它的作用是需要加载资源的id.
如果不用弱引用可能会造成内存泄露。
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
- android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
- android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
- android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
- tools:context="com.example.main_hf.MainActivity" >
- <ImageView
- android:id="@+id/imageView"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/submit"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignLeft="@id/imageView"
- android:layout_alignRight="@id/imageView"
- android:layout_below="@id/imageView"
- android:text="" />
- <ViewStub
- android:id="@+id/stub_import"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_gravity="bottom"
- android:inflatedId="@+id/panel_import"
- android:layout="@layout/linear_item" />
- </RelativeLayout>
生成的布局如下:
接下来我们来显示ViewStub的内容吧:
- final ViewStub viewStub=(ViewStub) findViewById(R.id.stub_import);
- viewStub.inflate();
- viewStub.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
接下来我们再来看一下效果图,由于图较大,我只贴出ViewStub所指向的layout.
可以看到已经动态加载完成。
下面跟着源码走一遍:
- 首先来看ViewStub的初始化:
- public ViewStub(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
- TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, com.android.internal.R.styleable.ViewStub,
- defStyle, 0);
- mInflatedId = a.getResourceId(R.styleable.ViewStub_inflatedId, NO_ID);
- mLayoutResource = a.getResourceId(R.styleable.ViewStub_layout, 0);
- a.recycle();
- a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, com.android.internal.R.styleable.View, defStyle, 0);
- mID = a.getResourceId(R.styleable.View_id, NO_ID);
- a.recycle();
- initialize(context);
- }
- private void initialize(Context context) {
- mContext = context;
- setVisibility(GONE);
- setWillNotDraw(true);
- }
- @Override
- protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
- setMeasuredDimension(0, 0);
- }
看到这个函数,也就明白了到底是怎么回事。如果说作为正常的view或者viewgroup肯定要设置mMeasuredWidth,mMeasuredHeight.
接下来看看最重要的inflate()函数
- public View inflate() {
- final ViewParent viewParent = getParent();
- if (viewParent != null && viewParent instanceof ViewGroup) {
- if (mLayoutResource != 0) {
- //得到父视图
- final ViewGroup parent = (ViewGroup) viewParent;
- final LayoutInflater factory;
- if (mInflater != null) {
- factory = mInflater;
- } else {
- factory = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
- }
- final View view = factory.inflate(mLayoutResource, parent,
- false);
- if (mInflatedId != NO_ID) {
- //设置mInflatedId 为自己的Id
- view.setId(mInflatedId);
- }
- //在父视图中删除自己
- final int index = parent.indexOfChild(this);
- parent.removeViewInLayout(this);
- final ViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams = getLayoutParams();
- if (layoutParams != null) {
- parent.addView(view, index, layoutParams);
- } else {
- parent.addView(view, index);
- }
- mInflatedViewRef = new WeakReference<View>(view);//view 的弱引用。
- if (mInflateListener != null) {
- mInflateListener.onInflate(this, view);
- }
- return view;
- } else {
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("ViewStub must have a valid layoutResource");
- }
- } else {
- throw new IllegalStateException("ViewStub must have a non-null ViewGroup viewParent");
- }<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>
- public void setVisibility(int visibility) {
- if (mInflatedViewRef != null) {
- View view = mInflatedViewRef.get();
- if (view != null) {
- view.setVisibility(visibility);
- } else {
- throw new IllegalStateException("setVisibility called on un-referenced view");
- }
- } else {
- super.setVisibility(visibility);
- if (visibility == VISIBLE || visibility == INVISIBLE) {
- inflate();
- }
- }
- }