项目一DialogExample
首先介绍标准文件对话框（
QFileDialog
）、标准颜色对话框（
QColorDialog
）、标准字体对话框（
QFontDialog
）、标准输入对话框（
QInputDialog
）及消息对话框（
QMessageBox
），运行效果如图所示
各种基本对话框通过调用各自不同的静态函数来完成其功能，具体说明见表
其函数形式如下：
QString QFileDialog::getOpenFileName
(
QWidget* parent=0, //标准文件对话框的父窗口
const QString & caption=QString(), //标准文件对话框的标题名
const QString & dir=QString(), //注(1)
const QString & filter=QString(), //注(2)
QString * selectedFilter=0, //用户选择的过滤器通过此参数返回
Options options=0 //选择显示文件名的格式，默认是同时显示目录与文件名
)
打开一个文件保存路径
void Dialog::showFile()
{
QString s = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this,"open file dialog","/",
"C++ files(*.cpp)::C files(*.c)::Head files(*.h)");
fileLineEdit->setText(s);
}
getColor()函数是标准颜色对话框QColorDialog类的一个静态函数，该函数返回用户选择的颜色值，下面是getColor()函数形式：
QColor getColor
(
const QColor& initial=Qt::white, //注
QWidget* parent=0 //标准颜色对话框的父窗口
）
getFont
()
函数是标准字体对话框
QFontDialog
类的一个静态函数，该函数返回用户所选择的字体，下面是
getFont
()
函数形式：
QFont
getFont
(
bool
* ok, //
注
QWidget
* parent=0 //
标准字体对话框的父窗口
);
标准字符串输入对话框是通过
QInputDialog
类的静态函数
getText
()
来完成的，
getText
()
函数形式如下：
QStringgetText
(
QWidget* parent, //标准输入对话框的父窗口
const QString& title, //标准输入对话框的标题名
const QString& label, //标准输入对话框的标签提示
QLineEdit::EchoMode mode=QLineEdit::Normal,
//指定标准输入对话框中QLineEdit控件的输入
模式
const QString& text=QString(), //标准字符串输入对话框弹出时QLineEdit控件
中默认出现的文字
bool* ok=0, //注
Qt::WindowFlagsflags=0 //指明标准输入对话框的窗体标识
);
标准条目选择对话框是通过QInputDialog类的静态函数getItem()来完成的，getItem()函数形式如下：
QString getItem
(
QWidget* parent, //标准输入对话框的父窗口
const QString& title, //标准输入对话框的标题名
const QString& label, //标准输入对话框的标签提示
const QStringList& items, //注(1)
intcurrent=0, //注(2)
booleditable=true, //指定QComboBox控件中显示的文字是否可编辑
bool* ok=0, //注(3)
Qt::WindowFlagsflags=0 //指明标准输入对话框的窗口标识
);
标准int类型输入对话框是通过QInputDialog类的静态函数getInt()来完成的，getInt()函数形式如下：
int getInt
(
QWidget* parent, //标准输入对话框的父窗口
const QString& title, //标准输入对话框的标题名
const QString& label, //标准输入对话框的标签提示
int value=0, //指定标准输入对话框中QSpinBox控件的默认显示值
int min=-2147483647, //指定QSpinBox控件的数值范围
int max=2147483647,
int step=1, //指定QSpinBox控件的步进值
bool* ok=0, //注
Qt::WindowFlagsflags=0 //指明标准输入对话框的窗口标识
);
标准double类型输入对话框是通过QInputDialog类的静态函数getDouble()来完成的，getDouble()函数形式如下：
double getDouble
(
QWidget* parent, //标准输入对话框的父窗口
const QString& title, //标准输入对话框的标题名
const QString& label, //标准输入对话框的标签提示
double value=0, //指定标准输入对话框中QSpinBox控件默认的显示值
double min=-2147483647, //指定QSpinBox控件的数值范围
double max=2147483647,
intdecimals=1, //指定QSpinBox控件的步进值
bool* ok=0, //注
Qt::WindowFlagsflags=0 //指明标准输入对话框的窗口标识
);
Question消息框使用QMessageBox::question()函数完成，此函数形式如下：
StandardButton QMessageBox::question
(
QWidget* parent, //消息框的父窗口指针
const QString& title, //消息框的标题栏
const QString& text, //消息框的文字提示信息
StandardButtons buttons=Ok, //注(1)
StandardButton defaultButton=NoButton //注(2)
);
Information消息框使用QMessageBox::information()函数完成，函数形式如下：
StandardButton QMessageBox::information
(
QWidget*parent, //消息框的父窗口指针
const QString& title, //消息框的标题栏
const QString& text, //消息框的文字提示信息
StandardButtonsbuttons=Ok, //同Question消息框的注释内容
StandardButton defaultButton=NoButton //同Question消息框的注释内容
);
Warning消息框使用QMessageBox::warning()函数完成，函数形式如下：
StandardButton QMessageBox::warning
(
QWidget* parent, //消息框的父窗口指针
const QString& title, //消息框的标题栏
const QString& text, //消息框的文字提示信息
StandardButtonsbuttons=Ok, //同Question消息框的注释内容
StandardButton defaultButton=NoButton //同Question消息框的注释内容
);
Critical消息框使用QMessageBox::critical()函数完成，函数形式如下：
StandardButton QMessageBox::critical
(
QWidget* parent, //消息框的父窗口指针
const QString& title, //消息框的标题栏
const QString& text, //消息框的文字提示信息
StandardButtonsbuttons=Ok, //同Question消息框的注释内容
StandardButton defaultButton=NoButton //同Question消息框的注释内容
);
About消息框使用QMessageBox::about()函数完成，函数形式如下：
void QMessageBox::about
(
QWidget* parent, //消息框的父窗口指针
const QString& title, //消息框的标题栏
const QString& text //消息框的文字提示信息
);
About Qt消息框使用QMessageBox:: aboutQt()函数完成，函数形式如下：
void QMessageBox::aboutQt
(
QWidget* parent, //消息框的父窗口指针
const QString& title=QString() //消息框的标题栏
);
main.cpp
#include "dialog.h"
#include <QApplication>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
Dialog w;
w.show();
return a.exec();
}
dialog.h
#ifndef DIALOG_H
#define DIALOG_H
#include <QDialog>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QLabel>
#include "inputdlg.h"
#include "msgboxdlg.h"
class Dialog : public QDialog
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
Dialog(QWidget *parent = 0);
~Dialog();
private:
QPushButton *fileBtn;
QLineEdit *fileLineEdit;
QPushButton *colorBtn;
QFrame *colorFrame;
QPushButton *fontBtn;
QLineEdit *fontLineEdit;
QPushButton *inputBtn;
InputDlg *inputDlg;
QPushButton *MsgBtn;
MsgBoxDlg *msgDlg;
QPushButton *CustomBtn;
QLabel *label;
QGridLayout *mainLayout;
private slots:
void showFile();
void showColor();
void showFont();
void showInputDlg();
void showMsgDlg();
void showCustomDlg();
};
#endif
//
DIALOG_H
dialog.cpp
#include "dialog.h"
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QColorDialog>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QFontDialog>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QPushButton>
Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent)
: QDialog(parent)
{
setWindowTitle (tr("各种标准对话框实例"));
fileBtn = new QPushButton(tr("文件标准对话框实例"));
fileLineEdit = new QLineEdit;
mainLayout = new QGridLayout(this);
mainLayout->addWidget (fileBtn, 0, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (fileLineEdit, 0, 1);
connect (fileBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(showFile()));
colorBtn = new QPushButton(tr("颜色标准对话框实例"));
colorFrame = new QFrame;
//colorFrame用于根据用户选择的不同颜色更新不同的背景色
colorFrame->setFrameShape (QFrame::Box);
colorFrame->setAutoFillBackground (true);
mainLayout->addWidget (colorBtn, 1, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (colorFrame, 1, 1);
connect (colorBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(showColor()));
fontBtn = new QPushButton(tr("字体标准对话框实例"));
fontLineEdit = new QLineEdit(tr("Welcome"));
mainLayout->addWidget (fontBtn, 2, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (fontLineEdit, 2, 1);
connect (fontBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(showFont()));
inputBtn = new QPushButton(tr("标准输入对话框实例"));
mainLayout->addWidget (inputBtn, 3, 0);
connect (inputBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(showInputDlg()));
MsgBtn = new QPushButton(tr("标准消息对话框实例"));
mainLayout->addWidget (MsgBtn, 3, 1);
connect (MsgBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), SLOT(showMsgDlg()));
CustomBtn = new QPushButton(tr("用户定义消息对话框实例"));
label = new QLabel;
label->setFrameStyle (QFrame::Panel | QFrame::Sunken);
mainLayout->addWidget (CustomBtn, 4, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (label, 4, 1);
connect (CustomBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), SLOT(showCustomDlg()));
}
Dialog::~Dialog()
{
}
void Dialog::showFile()
{
QString s = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName (this, "open file dialog", "/", "C++ files(*.cpp)::C files(*.c)::Head files(*.h)");
fileLineEdit->setText (s);
}
void Dialog::showColor ()
{
QColor c = QColorDialog::getColor (Qt::blue);
//首先判断用户选择的颜色是否有效
if(c.isValid ())
{
//setPalette()设置调色板QPalette()获取选择的颜色
colorFrame->setPalette (QPalette(c));
}
}
void Dialog::showFont ()
{
bool ok;
QFont f = QFontDialog::getFont (&ok);
if(ok)
{
fontLineEdit->setFont (f);
}
}
void Dialog::showInputDlg ()
{
inputDlg = new InputDlg(this);
inputDlg->show ();
}
void Dialog::showMsgDlg ()
{
msgDlg = new MsgBoxDlg();
msgDlg->show ();
}
void Dialog::showCustomDlg ()
{
label->setText (tr("Custom Message Box"));
QMessageBox customMsgBox;
customMsgBox.setWindowTitle (tr("用户自定义消息框"));
/*addButton()第一个参数为按钮显示的文字，第二个参数为按钮类型的描述。该函数默认
*先后顺序在消息框中由左至右依次插入按钮。Cancel是一个标准按钮，不用写按钮的名字*/
QPushButton *yesBtn = customMsgBox.addButton (tr("yes"), QMessageBox::ActionRole);
QPushButton *noBtn = customMsgBox.addButton (tr("No"), QMessageBox::ActionRole);
QPushButton *cancelBtn = customMsgBox.addButton (QMessageBox::Cancel);
customMsgBox.setText (tr("这是一个用户自定义消息框"));
customMsgBox.setIconPixmap (QPixmap("Qt.png"));
customMsgBox.exec (); //显示此自定义消息框
if(customMsgBox.clickedButton () == yesBtn)
{
label->setText ((tr("Custom Message Box/Yes")));
}
else if(customMsgBox.clickedButton () == noBtn)
{
label->setText (tr("Custom Message Box/No"));
}
else if(customMsgBox.clickedButton () == cancelBtn)
{
label->setText (tr("Custom Message Box/Cancel"));
}
}
inputdlg.h
#ifndef INPUTDLG_H
#define INPUTDLG_H
#include <QDialog>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QGridLayout>
class InputDlg : public QDialog
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit InputDlg(QDialog *parent = 0);
private:
QLabel *nameLabel1;
QLabel *nameLabel2;
QLabel *sexLabel1;
QLabel *sexLabel2;
QLabel *ageLabel1;
QLabel *ageLabel2;
QLabel *scoreLabel1;
QLabel *scoreLabel2;
QPushButton *nameBtn;
QPushButton *sexBtn;
QPushButton *ageBtn;
QPushButton *scoreBtn;
QGridLayout *mainLayout;
private slots:
void changeName();
void changeSex();
void changeAge();
void changeScore();
};
#endif
//
INPUTDLG_H
inputdlg.cpp
#include "inputdlg.h"
#include <QInputDialog>
InputDlg::InputDlg(QDialog *parent) : QDialog(parent)
{
setWindowTitle (tr("标准输入对话框实例"));
nameLabel1 = new QLabel(tr("姓名"));
nameLabel2 = new QLabel(tr("孔杰"));
nameLabel2->setFrameStyle (QFrame::Sunken | QFrame::Panel);
nameBtn = new QPushButton(tr("修改姓名"));
sexLabel1 = new QLabel(tr("性别"));
sexLabel2 = new QLabel(tr("男"));
sexLabel2->setFrameStyle (QFrame::Sunken | QFrame::Panel);
sexBtn = new QPushButton(tr("修改性别"));
ageLabel1 = new QLabel(tr("年龄"));
ageLabel2 = new QLabel(tr("20"));
ageLabel2->setFrameStyle (QFrame::Sunken | QFrame::Panel);
ageBtn = new QPushButton(tr("修改年龄"));
scoreLabel1 = new QLabel(tr("成绩"));
scoreLabel2 = new QLabel(tr("80"));
scoreLabel2->setFrameStyle (QFrame::Sunken | QFrame::Panel);
scoreBtn = new QPushButton(tr("修改成绩"));
mainLayout = new QGridLayout(this);
mainLayout->addWidget (nameLabel1, 0, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (nameLabel2, 0, 1);
mainLayout->addWidget (nameBtn, 0, 2);
mainLayout->addWidget (sexLabel1, 1, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (sexLabel2, 1, 1);
mainLayout->addWidget (sexBtn, 1, 2);
mainLayout->addWidget (ageLabel1, 2, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (ageLabel2, 2, 1);
mainLayout->addWidget (ageBtn, 2, 2);
mainLayout->addWidget (scoreLabel1, 3, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (scoreLabel2, 3, 1);
mainLayout->addWidget (scoreBtn, 3, 2);
connect (nameBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(changeName()));
connect (sexBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(changeSex()));
connect (ageBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(changeAge()));
connect (scoreBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(changeScore()));
}
void InputDlg::changeName ()
{
bool ok;
QString text = QInputDialog::getText (this, tr("标准字符串输入对话框"),
tr("请输入姓名："), QLineEdit::Normal, nameLabel2->text (), &ok);
if(ok && !text.isEmpty ())
{
nameLabel2->setText (text);
}
}
void InputDlg::changeSex ()
{
QStringList SexItems;
SexItems << tr("男") << tr("女");
bool ok;
QString SexItem = QInputDialog::getItem (this, tr("标准条目选择对话框"),
tr("请选择性别"), SexItems, 0, false, &ok);
if(ok && !SexItem.isEmpty ())
{
sexLabel2->setText (SexItem);
}
}
void InputDlg::changeAge ()
{
bool ok;
int age = QInputDialog::getInt (this, tr("标准int类型输入对话框"),
tr("请输入年龄："), ageLabel2->text ().toInt (&ok), 0, 100, 1, &ok);
if(ok)
{
ageLabel2->setText (QString(tr("%1")).arg (age));
}
}
void InputDlg::changeScore ()
{
bool ok;
double score = QInputDialog::getDouble(this, tr("标准double类型输入对话框"),
tr("请输入成绩："),scoreLabel2->text().toDouble(&ok), 0, 100, 1, &ok);
if(ok)
scoreLabel2->setText(QString(tr("%1")).arg(score));
}
msgboxdlg.h
#ifndef MSGBOXDLG_H
#define MSGBOXDLG_H
#include <QDialog>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QGridLayout>
class MsgBoxDlg : public QDialog
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit MsgBoxDlg(QDialog *parent = 0);
private:
QLabel *label;
QPushButton *questionBtn;
QPushButton *informationBtn;
QPushButton *warningBtn;
QPushButton *criticalBtn;
QPushButton *aboutBtn;
QPushButton *aboutQtBtn;
QGridLayout *mainLayout;
public slots:
void showQuestionMsg();
void showInformationMsg();
void showWarningMsg();
void showCriticalMsg();
void showAboutMsg();
void showAboutQtMsg();
};
#endif
//
MSGBOXDLG_H
msgboxdlg.cpp
#include "msgboxdlg.h"
#include <QMessageBox>
MsgBoxDlg::MsgBoxDlg(QDialog *parent) : QDialog(parent)
{
setWindowTitle (tr("标准消息对话框的实例"));
label = new QLabel(tr("请选择一种消息框"));
questionBtn = new QPushButton(tr("QuestionMsg"));
informationBtn = new QPushButton(tr("InformationMsg"));
warningBtn = new QPushButton(tr("WarningMsg"));
criticalBtn = new QPushButton(tr("CriticalMsg"));
aboutBtn = new QPushButton(tr("AboutMsg"));
aboutQtBtn = new QPushButton(tr("AboutQtMse"));
mainLayout = new QGridLayout(this);
mainLayout->addWidget (label, 0, 0, 1, 2);
mainLayout->addWidget (questionBtn, 1, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (informationBtn, 1, 1);
mainLayout->addWidget (warningBtn, 2, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (criticalBtn, 2, 1);
mainLayout->addWidget (aboutBtn, 3, 0);
mainLayout->addWidget (aboutQtBtn, 3, 1);
connect (questionBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(showQuestionMsg()));
connect (informationBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(showInformationMsg()));
connect (warningBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(showWarningMsg()));
connect (criticalBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(showCriticalMsg()));
connect (aboutBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(showAboutMsg()));
connect (aboutQtBtn, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(showAboutQtMsg()));
}
void MsgBoxDlg::showQuestionMsg ()
{
label->setText (tr("Question Message Box"));
switch(QMessageBox::question (this, tr("Question消息框"),
tr("您现在已经修改完成，是否要结束程序？"),
QMessageBox::Ok | QMessageBox::Cancel, QMessageBox::Ok))
{
case QMessageBox::Ok:
label->setText (tr("Question button/ok"));
break;
case QMessageBox::Cancel:
label->setText (tr("Question button/Cancel"));
break;
default:
break;
}
return ;
}
void MsgBoxDlg::showInformationMsg ()
{
label->setText (tr("Information Message Box"));
QMessageBox::information (this, tr("Information消息框"),
tr("这是Information消息框，欢迎您！"));
return;
}
void MsgBoxDlg::showWarningMsg ()
{
label->setText (tr("Warning Message Box"));
switch(QMessageBox::warning (this, tr("Warning消息框"),
tr("修改的内容还未保存，是否要保存对文档的修改？"),
QMessageBox::Save | QMessageBox::Discard | QMessageBox::Cancel))
{
case QMessageBox::Save:
label->setText (tr("Waring button/save"));
break;
case QMessageBox::Discard:
label->setText (tr("Warning button/discard"));
break;
case QMessageBox::Cancel:
label->setText (tr("Warning button/cancel"));
break;
default:
break;
}
return;
}
void MsgBoxDlg::showCriticalMsg ()
{
label->setText (tr("Critical Message Box"));
QMessageBox::critical (this, tr("Critical消息框"),
tr("这是一个Critical消息框测试"));
return;
}
void MsgBoxDlg::showAboutMsg ()
{
label->setText (tr("About Message Box"));
QMessageBox::about (this, tr("About消息框"), tr("这是一个About消息框测试"));
return;
}
void MsgBoxDlg::showAboutQtMsg ()
{
label->setText (tr("About Qt Message Box"));
QMessageBox::aboutQt (this, tr("About Qt消息框"));
return;
}
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