UVA - 11489 Integer Game （博弈）

Two players, S and T, are playing a game where they makealternate moves. S plays first.
In this game, they start with an integer N. In each move, a player removesone digit from the integer and passes the resulting number to the other player.The game continues in this fashion until a player finds he/she has no digit toremove when that player is declared as the loser.

With this restriction, it’s obvious that if the number of digits in Nis odd then S wins otherwise T wins. To make the game moreinteresting, we apply one additional constraint. A player can remove aparticular digit if the sum of digits of the resulting number is a multiple of3 or there are no digits left.

Suppose N = 1234. S has 4 possible moves. That is, he canremove 1, 2, 3, or 4.  Of these, two ofthem are valid moves.

- Removal of 4 results in 123 and the sum of digits = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6; 6 isa multiple of 3.
- Removal of 1 results in 234 and the sum of digits = 2 + 3 + 4 = 9; 9 is amultiple of 3.
The other two moves are invalid.

If both players play perfectly, who wins?

Input
Thefirst line of input is an integer T(T<60) thatdetermines the number of test cases. Each case is a line that contains apositive integer N. N has at most 1000 digits and does notcontain any zeros.

Output
Foreach case, output the case number starting from 1. If S wins then output ‘S’ otherwise output ‘T’.

Sample Input                             Output forSample Input

3 4 33 771

Case 1: S Case 2: T Case 3: T

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Problem Setter: Sohel Hafiz
Special Thanks: Shamim Hafiz, Md. Arifuzzaman Arif

题意：给你一个数字串，两个人轮流从中取出一个数字，要求每次取完之后剩下各个位上的数字和是3的倍数，不能取或者没有数字取的为输，让你判断先手的胜负

思路：其实我们可以先统计各个位上对3取余的结果，显然在第一次的时候我们可以取走一个使得数为3的倍数，然后只能每次取3的倍数，3的倍数意思就是余数为0的数，依次的话判断能走步数的奇偶

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 1005;

char str[maxn];
int num[maxn];

int main() {
	int t, cas = 1;
	scanf("%d", &t);
	while (t--) {
		scanf("%s", str);	
		memset(num, 0, sizeof(num));
		int sum = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < strlen(str); i++) {
			num[(str[i]-'0')%3]++;
			sum += str[i] - '0';
		}
		int step = 0;
		if (num[sum%3]) {
			step = 1;
			num[sum%3]--;
		}
		if (step)
			step += num[0];
		printf("Case %d: %c\n", cas++, step&1?'S':'T');
	}
	return 0;
}