spring注解

JDK内置的注解

1.自己动手写一个注解类

定义注解类

1. Target 定义该注解作用在方法和类上

2. Retention 描述注解作用范围

   java RetentionPolicy.SOURCE

   java+class RetentionPolicy.CLASS

   java+class+jvm RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME

Name注解

    @Documented//是否在帮助文档中出现
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Target({ElementType.TYPE,ElementType.METHOD})
    public @interface Name {
        String value();  //注解有一个属性为value
    }

Description注解

@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.METHOD})
public @interface Description {
    String descript() default "";  //注解有一个属性为descript
}

注解的使用

@Name(value="lzl")
public class LzlName {
    @Name("gxr")
    public void sayHello(){
        System.out.println(" 你好！");
    }
    @Description(descript="是个Java程序员~")
    public void descript(){
        System.out.println("将来会很牛逼！");
    }
}

注解解析类

public class AnnotationParse {
    public static void parse(){
        Class classt = LzlName.class;
        /**
         * 解析类上的注解
         */
        if(classt.isAnnotationPresent(Name.class)){//判断是否存在注解类
            Name name = (Name) classt.getAnnotation(Name.class);
            System.out.println(name.value());
        }
        /**
         * 方法中的注解
         */
        Method[] methods = classt.getMethods();
        for(Method m : methods){
            if(m.isAnnotationPresent(Name.class)){
                Name n = (Name)m.getAnnotation(Name.class);
                System.out.println(n.value());
            }
            if(m.isAnnotationPresent(Description.class)){
                Description d = m.getAnnotation(Description.class);
                System.out.println(d.descript());
            }
        }
    }
    @Test
    public void test(){
        AnnotationParse.parse();
    }
}

Spring的注解

引入注解文件步骤

1. 导入命名空间

   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"
   

2. 导入依赖注入的注解解析器

   <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>

3. 把所需的Bean引入进来.

注解 Xml文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
    <bean id="student" class="com.lzl.test.di.annotation.Student"></bean>
    <bean id="person" class="com.lzl.test.di.annotation.Person"></bean>
</beans>

Java类

Person.java类

public class Person {
    /*@Resource(name="student")*/
    @Autowired //按照类型进行匹配
    private Student stu;
    private String name;
    public void sayPerson(){
        this.stu.sayStu();
    }
}

Student类

public class Student {
    private Long pid;
    public void sayStu(){
        System.out.println("=hello Stu!=");
    }
}

测试类

public class PersonTest extends SpringHelper{
    static{
        path="com/lzl/test/di/annotation/applicationContext.xml";
    }
    @Test
    public void test(){
        Person p = (Person) fileResource.getBean("person");
        p.sayPerson();
    }
}

Spring注解解析的流程

1. spring启动容器
2. 创建Person和Student对象
3. 解析注解
4. 判断@Resource注解是否为空
   4.1 如果注解为空，匹配xml文件中id是否与Person类的属性名是否匹配
   – 4.1.1 如果匹配，就给对象赋值
   – 4.1.2 不匹配，就抛错
   4.2 如果注解不为空，就按照注解中的name值与Person类的属性匹配
   – 4.2.1 如果匹配，就给对象赋值
   – 4.2.1 如果不匹配，就报错

注意：注解只能作用在引用类型上