1,模拟实现十字路口的交通灯管理系统逻辑,异步随机生成按照各个路线行驶的车辆。
例如:由南向而来去往北向的车辆 ---- 直行车辆
由西向而来去往南向的车辆 ---- 右转车辆
由东向而来去往南向的车辆 ---- 左转车辆
。。。
2,信号灯忽略黄灯,只考虑红灯和绿灯。
3,应考虑左转车辆控制信号灯,右转车辆不受信号灯控制。
4,具体信号灯控制逻辑与现实生活中普通交通灯控制逻辑相同,不考虑特殊情况下的控制逻辑。
注:南北向车辆与东西向车辆交替放行,同方向等待车辆应先放行直行车辆而后放行左转车辆。
5,每辆车通过路口时间为1秒(提示:可通过线程Sleep的方式模拟)。
6,随机生成车辆时间间隔以及红绿灯交换时间间隔自定,可以设置。
二、设计思想
十字路口包括直行线路、左转线路和右转线路一共十二条线路,其中四条右转线路不受信号灯控制,因此只考虑其它八条线路。八条线路中包括东西南北的左转和直行线路,每次只能放行两条线路即相对两个方向的直行或者左转线路,共放行四次循环一次,因此可将八条线路分为四组,每次放行一组,轮流放行。
整个系统用面向对象的设计思想总共可创建三个类,分别是:Road,十二条线路用十二个Road对象表示,Road内有数据成员用于存储路上的车,并适时增减;枚举类Lamp,用于表示十二组红绿灯,并提供操作红绿灯的方法;红绿灯控制器LampController,用于控制十二组红绿灯的显示。
三、我的收获
通过老师的讲解,不仅仅是让我学会了这道题目的做法,而是让我对事物有了新的认识,对面向对象的设计思想有了更深层次的认识,首先、车要过马路,就要确定过马路的这个动作是车的还是路的?就像老师举的例子,一个人要关门,就关门这个动作来说,应该是人的还是门的,根据面向对象编程思想,关门这个动作应该是门所提供的方法,所以关门这个动作应该是门所提供的方法,而车过马路,所以我们应该把路看为一个对象,他有让车辆通过的方法,只有明白了这点才能更好的完成这道题目。
四、具体实现
交通灯部分的实现
首先定义12个方向的交通灯,其中4个右拐弯的是常绿的灯,由于编程需要,虽然没有这4个灯 ,但是相当于有这么4个常绿的灯。
其余的8个方向的灯,其中是4:4对应着的 比如南到北的灯是绿的 那么北到南的灯也是绿的。所以定义每个方向的灯就有迹可循了,只要写好4个方向的灯就可以了 比如S2N(“N2S”,“S2W”,false) 记录南到北的灯,对应的灯是北到南,下一个灯是南到西,false代表初始灯是红色的,
等这个类需要有2个方法 一个是让等变绿的 light()方法,一个是变红的是blackOut()方法。
以下是代码:
- package com.itcast.interview.traffic;
- public enum Lamp {
- S2N("N2S","S2W",false),S2W("N2E","W2N",false),E2W("W2E","E2S",false),E2S("W2N","S2W",false),
- N2S(null,null,false),N2E(null,null,false),W2E(null,null,false),W2N(null,null,false),
- S2E(null,null,true),E2N(null,null,true),N2W(null,null,true),W2S(null,null,true);
- private Lamp(String opposite,String next,boolean lighted)
- {
- this.opposite = opposite;
- this.next = next;
- this.lighted = lighted;
- }
- private String next;
- private boolean lighted;
- private String opposite;
- public boolean isLighted()
- {
- return true;
- }
- public void light()
- {
- this.lighted = true;
- if(opposite!=null){
- Lamp.valueOf(opposite).light();
- }
- System.out.println(name()+"is green"+"下个方向应该有6个方向的车");
- }
- public Lamp blackOut()
- {
- this.lighted = false;
- if(opposite!=null){
- Lamp.valueOf(opposite).blackOut();
- }
- Lamp nextLamp = null;
- if(next!=null)
- {
- nextLamp = Lamp.valueOf(next);
- nextLamp.light();
- System.out.println("绿灯从"+name()+"切换为"+next);}
- return nextLamp;
- }
- }
package com.itcast.interview.traffic;
public enum Lamp {
S2N("N2S","S2W",false),S2W("N2E","W2N",false),E2W("W2E","E2S",false),E2S("W2N","S2W",false),
N2S(null,null,false),N2E(null,null,false),W2E(null,null,false),W2N(null,null,false),
S2E(null,null,true),E2N(null,null,true),N2W(null,null,true),W2S(null,null,true);
private Lamp(String opposite,String next,boolean lighted)
{
this.opposite = opposite;
this.next = next;
this.lighted = lighted;
}
private String next;
private boolean lighted;
private String opposite;
public boolean isLighted()
{
return true;
}
public void light()
{
this.lighted = true;
if(opposite!=null){
Lamp.valueOf(opposite).light();
}
System.out.println(name()+"is green"+"下个方向应该有6个方向的车");
}
public Lamp blackOut()
{
this.lighted = false;
if(opposite!=null){
Lamp.valueOf(opposite).blackOut();
}
Lamp nextLamp = null;
if(next!=null)
{
nextLamp = Lamp.valueOf(next);
nextLamp.light();
System.out.println("绿灯从"+name()+"切换为"+next);}
return nextLamp;
}
}
road部分的实现:
每个Road对象都有一个name成员变量来代表方向,有一个vehicles成员变量来代表方向上的车辆集合。
在Road对象的构造方法中启动一个线程每隔一个随机的时间向vehicles集合中增加一辆车。
在Road对象的构造方法中启动一个定时器,每隔一秒检查该方向上的灯是否为绿,是则打印车辆集合和将集合中的第一辆车移除掉。
- package com.itcast.interview.traffic;
- import java.util.*;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
- import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
- import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- public class Road {
- private List<String> vechicles = new ArrayList<String>();
- private String name;
- public Road(String name){
- this.name=name;
- ExecutorService pool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
- pool.execute(new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- for(int i=1;i<1000;i++)
- {
- try {
- Thread.sleep((new Random().nextInt(10)+1)*1000);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- vechicles.add(Road.this.name+"方向:"+i);
- }
- }
- });
- ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
- timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable(){
- public void run(){
- if(vechicles.size()>0)
- {
- boolean light = Lamp.valueOf(Road.this.name).isLighted();
- if(light)
- {
- System.out.println(vechicles.remove(0)+"is travling");
- }
- }
- }
- },
- 1,
- 1,
- TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- }
- }
package com.itcast.interview.traffic;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class Road {
private List<String> vechicles = new ArrayList<String>();
private String name;
public Road(String name){
this.name=name;
ExecutorService pool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
pool.execute(new Runnable(){
public void run(){
for(int i=1;i<1000;i++)
{
try {
Thread.sleep((new Random().nextInt(10)+1)*1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
vechicles.add(Road.this.name+"方向:"+i);
}
}
});
ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable(){
public void run(){
if(vechicles.size()>0)
{
boolean light = Lamp.valueOf(Road.this.name).isLighted();
if(light)
{
System.out.println(vechicles.remove(0)+"is travling");
}
}
}
},
1,
1,
TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}
交通灯控制器的实现:
LampController构造方法中要设定第一个为绿的灯。
LampController对象的start方法中将当前灯变绿,然后启动一个定时器,每隔10秒将当前灯变红和将下一个灯变绿。
- package com.itcast.interview.traffic;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
- import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- public class LampController {
- private Lamp currentLamp;
- public LampController()
- {
- currentLamp = Lamp.S2N;
- currentLamp.light();
- ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
- timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(
- new Runnable(){
- public void run()
- {
- System.out.println("来了");
- currentLamp = currentLamp.blackOut();
- }
- },
- 10,
- 10,
- TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- }
- }
package com.itcast.interview.traffic;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class LampController {
private Lamp currentLamp;
public LampController()
{
currentLamp = Lamp.S2N;
currentLamp.light();
ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(
new Runnable(){
public void run()
{
System.out.println("来了");
currentLamp = currentLamp.blackOut();
}
},
10,
10,
TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}
主函数:
- package com.itcast.interview.traffic;
- public class MainClass {
- public static void main(String[] args)
- {
- String[] directions = {"S2N","S2W","E2W","E2S","N2S","N2E","W2E","W2N","S2E","E2N","N2W","W2S"};
- for(int i=0;i<12;i++)
- {
- new Road(directions[i]);
- }
- new LampController();
- }
- }
package com.itcast.interview.traffic;
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String[] directions = {"S2N","S2W","E2W","E2S","N2S","N2E","W2E","W2N","S2E","E2N","N2W","W2S"};
for(int i=0;i<12;i++)
{
new Road(directions[i]);
}
new LampController();
}
}