赴美工作常识（Part 3 - 英语）

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首先，你要能脱离中文和翻译，纯粹地使用英语来思考。很多英语单词短语是没有对应中文翻译的，就如同很多中文字词是没有对应英文翻译一样，然而这不妨碍你在使用中文时使用这些字词传达意思。同理，很多英文单词短语你不须要知道他们对应的中文翻译，只要你能够使用它们传达意思就行了。有时候你只需要感知一个词汇所传达的形象或者是感觉就可以了，你甚至不需要能够解释清楚它是什么意思。例如说，中文里面常见的「屌丝」和「hold 住」，让你解释或许你也无法用简单语言解释清楚，但这不妨碍你使用它们传达信息。

接着，你需要把你小学时候学习语文的过程重复一遍……没错，这是最痛苦的阶段，也是最多人坚持不下去的阶段。很多人认为自己已经完成那个人生阶段了，成年后再学习新知识就应该使用更「聪明」的方法，提高效率减少痛苦。其实这种「聪明」的方法是不存在的，有时候已有经验还会拖你后退。如果你在学会游蛙泳几年后再学游自由泳，你就明白我说什么了。我在蛙泳能轻松游 1000 米的时候，学习自由泳还是从挣扎着游完 25 米开始的，然后把目标提升到 50 米、100 米、150 米、200 米……花了几年时间才能轻松游 1000 米。

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在我自由泳游不动的时候，或者是在我觉得自由泳会被鄙视的时候，我就会放弃然后改游蛙泳，这就是拖后腿的地方。同理，在你可以轻易放弃使用英语的时候，其实你的英语学习效率会比你的小学语文学习效率更低，因此你应该预期更大的投入和更长的时间才能达到同样的效果。如果你预期「聪明」的方法可以减少投入或者缩短时间，那么你一定会失望，然后你就会拒绝和放弃。给自己设置正确的期望是很重要的第一步。

Bb

在进行听说读写的训练之前，你还需要有一定的单词量。词汇量就如同一个训练效率基数，并不是说词汇量少就完全不能进行听说读写的训练，而是训练效率低而已，因为你需要同时面对训练内容和不懂的单词。

话说你小学和中学总共用烂了多少本新华字典？显然你也必须在英文字典上花费同样的功夫吧。因为中文翻译没有用，所以一本英英字典就足够了。我中学时候用的是 Collins Cobuild，版本貌似是 Learner’s Dictionary，重点在于例句足够多。因为我说过了，理解一个单词精确的意思并不重要，重要的是知道怎么用它。阅读足够多的例句可以让你感受到这个单词在不同的上下文下表达什么意思，之后你再看到这个单词就可以通过类比例句来理解它的意思，当你想表达跟例句相似的意思是也可能用这个单词。