scala akka actor的入门（1）

例子

//#full-example
import akka.actor.{Actor, ActorRef, ActorSystem, Props}

//#greeter-companion
//#greeter-messages
object Greeter {
  //#greeter-messages
  def props(message: String, printerActor: ActorRef): Props = Props(new Greeter(message, printerActor))
  //#greeter-messages
  final case class WhoToGreet(who: String)
  case object Greet
}
//#greeter-messages
//#greeter-companion

//#greeter-actor
class Greeter(message: String, printerActor: ActorRef) extends Actor {
  import Greeter._
  import Printer._

  var greeting = ""

  def receive = {
    case WhoToGreet(who) =>
      greeting = s"$message, $who"
    case Greet           =>
      //#greeter-send-message
      printerActor ! Greeting(greeting)
      //#greeter-send-message
  }
}
//#greeter-actor

//#printer-companion
//#printer-messages
object Printer {
  //#printer-messages
  def props: Props = Props[Printer]
  //#printer-messages
  final case class Greeting(greeting: String)
}
//#printer-messages
//#printer-companion

//#printer-actor
class Printer extends Actor {
  import Printer._

  def receive = {
    case Greeting(greeting) =>
      println(s"Greeting received (from ${sender}): $greeting")
  }
}
//#printer-actor

//#main-class
object AkkaQuickstart extends App {
  import Greeter._

  // Create the 'helloAkka' actor system
  val system: ActorSystem = ActorSystem("helloAkka")

  //#create-actors
  // Create the printer actor
  val printer: ActorRef = system.actorOf(Printer.props, "printerActor")

  // Create the 'greeter' actors
  val howdyGreeter: ActorRef =
    system.actorOf(Greeter.props("Howdy", printer), "howdyGreeter")
  val helloGreeter: ActorRef =
    system.actorOf(Greeter.props("Hello", printer), "helloGreeter")
  val goodDayGreeter: ActorRef =
    system.actorOf(Greeter.props("Good day", printer), "goodDayGreeter")
  //#create-actors

  //#main-send-messages
  howdyGreeter ! WhoToGreet("Akka")
  howdyGreeter ! Greet

  howdyGreeter ! WhoToGreet("Lightbend")
  howdyGreeter ! Greet

  helloGreeter ! WhoToGreet("Scala")
  helloGreeter ! Greet

  goodDayGreeter ! WhoToGreet("Play")
  goodDayGreeter ! Greet
  //#main-send-messages
}
//#main-class
//#full-example

解析

1.props 方法返回Props 实例，用于创建actor
2.

class Greeter(message: String, printerActor: ActorRef) extends Actor {
  import Greeter._
  import Printer._

  var greeting = ""

  def receive = {
    case WhoToGreet(who) =>
      greeting = s"$message, $who"
    case Greet           =>
      printerActor ! Greeting(greeting)
  }
}

WhoToGreet 修改actor自身的状态，Greet把greeting发送给printerActor
3.ActorRef是actor的引用
4.akka.actor.ActorSystem 是actor创建工厂
创建printer actor

val printer: ActorRef = system.actorOf(Printer.props, “printerActor”)

5.actorRef 发送消息用 ! actor 发送消息是异步的。 一个actor不做任何事情直到接受到消息

howdyGreeter ! WhoToGreet(“Akka”)