Android 调用摄像头拍照 以及 从相册中选择照片

参考：《第一行代码》第8章

             https://github.com/zxing/zxing

###########################################

新建一个工程CameraAndAlbumDemo：

一路默认，点击OK即可

修改activity_main.xml代码：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnCamera"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="take a photo" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnSelect"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="select an image" />

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/ivCaptured"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
            android:layout_alignParentRight="true" />

    </RelativeLayout>

</LinearLayout>

布局xml生成两个按钮，一个开启摄像头拍照，一个从相册中选择照片返回；同时设置一个ImageView用于显示返回的图片

修改MainActivity.java的代码：

package com.zj.cameraandalbumdemo;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Window;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;

import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private static final String LOG_TAG = "MainActivity";
    private static final int REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE = 100;  //request Code for camera
    private static final int REQUEST_IMAGE_SELECT = 200;   //request Code for album
    public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE = 1;  //choose camera image type

    private Button btnCamera; //相机拍摄
    private Button btnSelect; //相册选择照片
    private ImageView ivCaptured; //显示拍摄或相册选择的结果
    private Uri fileUri;  //用于存储相机拍摄的照片
    private Bitmap bmp;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); //不显示标题栏
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        ivCaptured = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.ivCaptured);

        btnCamera = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnCamera);
        btnCamera.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(View v) {
                initPrediction();
                fileUri = getOutputMediaFileUri(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE); //得到存储地址的Uri
                Intent i = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); //此action表示进行拍照
                i.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri);  //指定图片的输出地址
                startActivityForResult(i, REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
            }
        });

        btnSelect = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSelect);
        btnSelect.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(View v) {
                initPrediction();
                Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI); //从相册选取一张图片
                startActivityForResult(i, REQUEST_IMAGE_SELECT);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        if ((requestCode == REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE || requestCode == REQUEST_IMAGE_SELECT) && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            String imgPath;

            if (requestCode == REQUEST_IMAGE_CAPTURE) {
                imgPath = fileUri.getPath(); //取得拍照存储的地址
            } else { //解析得到所选相册图片的地址
                Uri selectedImage = data.getData();
                String[] filePathColumn = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA };
                Cursor cursor = MainActivity.this.getContentResolver().query(selectedImage, filePathColumn, null, null, null);
                cursor.moveToFirst();
                int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]);
                imgPath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
                cursor.close();
            }

            bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imgPath); //将所选图片提取为bitmap格式
            Log.d(LOG_TAG, imgPath);
            Log.d(LOG_TAG, String.valueOf(bmp.getHeight()));
            Log.d(LOG_TAG, String.valueOf(bmp.getWidth()));

            ivCaptured.setImageBitmap(bmp); //show image
        }
        btnCamera.setEnabled(true);
        btnSelect.setEnabled(true);
    }

    private void initPrediction() {
        btnCamera.setEnabled(false);
        btnSelect.setEnabled(false);
    }

    /** Create a file Uri for saving an image or video */
    /** 为保存图片或视频创建一个文件地址 */
    private static Uri getOutputMediaFileUri(int type){
        return Uri.fromFile(getOutputMediaFile(type));
    }

    /** Create a File for saving an image or video */
    private static File getOutputMediaFile(int type){
        // To be safe, you should check that the SDCard is mounted
        // using Environment.getExternalStorageState() before doing this.
        // 首先检测外部SDCard是否存在并且可读可写
        if (!Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals("mounted")) {
            return null;
        }

        File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(
                Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "Caffe-Android-Demo");
        // This location works best if you want the created images to be shared
        // between applications and persist after your app has been uninstalled.

        // 如果存储路径不存在，则创建
        // Create the storage directory if it does not exist
        if (! mediaStorageDir.exists()) {
            if (! mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()) {
                Log.d("MyCameraApp", "failed to create directory");
                return null;
            }
        }

        // Create a media file name
        String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());
        File mediaFile;
        if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE) {
            mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator +
                    "IMG_"+ timeStamp + ".jpg");
        } else {
            return null;
        }

        return mediaFile;
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.zj.cameraandalbumdemo" >

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <!-- CAMERA -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>