网络编程

QT网络编程需要在pro文件中添加QT += network

一、QHostInfo

网络信息

//获得本机主机名
QString localHostName = QHostInfo::localHostName();
//通过主机名获取主机信息
QHostInfo hostInfo = QHostInfo::fromName(localHostName);
//获取所有的IP地址列表
QList<QHostAddress> listAddress = hostInfo.addresses();

二、QNetworkInterface

一个主机IP地址和网络接口列表

    QString detail="";
    //获取所有的网络硬件接口
    QList<QNetworkInterface> list=QNetworkInterface::allInterfaces();
    for(int i=0;i<list.count();i++)
    {
        QNetworkInterface interface=list.at(i);
        detail=detail+tr("设备：")+interface.name()+"\n";
        detail=detail+tr("硬件地址：")+interface.hardwareAddress()+"\n";
        //每个网络接口包含0个或多个IP地址
        QList<QNetworkAddressEntry> entryList=interface.addressEntries();
        for(int j=0;j<entryList.count();j++)
        {
            QNetworkAddressEntry entry=entryList.at(j);
            detail=detail+"\t"+tr("IP 地址：")+entry.ip().toString()+"\n";
            detail=detail+"\t"+tr("子网掩码：")+entry.netmask().toString()+"\n";
            detail=detail+"\t"+tr("广播地址：")+entry.broadcast().toString()+"\n";
        }
    }
    QMessageBox::information(this,tr("Detail"),detail);

三、UDP编程

//server
QUdpSocket *udpSocket = new QUdpSocket(this);
//QHostAddress::Broadcast:广播到本机的所有IP，当非本机时，使用接收端主机IP
udpSocket->writeDatagram(msg.toLatin1(),msg.length(),QHostAddress::Broadcast,5555);

//client
QUdpSocket *udpSocket = new QUdpSocket(this);
//当有数据到来时，发出readyread信号
connect(udpSocket,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(dataReceived()));
bool result=udpSocket->bind(5555);  //绑定端口

void UdpClient::dataReceived()
{
    while(udpSocket->hasPendingDatagrams())
    {
        QByteArray datagram;
        //根据接收的数据大小来重新定义QByteArray的大小
        datagram.resize(udpSocket->pendingDatagramSize());
        //接收数据包
        udpSocket->readDatagram(datagram.data(),datagram.size());
        //获取具体数据
        QString msg=datagram.data();
    }
}

四、TCP编程

//server
//只是截取了重要代码，不要直接拷贝，要根据自己的程序结构添加到对应的文件
 QList<QTcpSocket *> tcpClientSocketList;
 QTcpSocket * socket;
 QTcpServer *tcpServer = new QTcpServer(this);
 //监听指定端口
 tcpServer->listen(QHostAddress::Any,6666);
 //有新的连接时会发出newConnection信号
 connect(tcpServer,SIGNAL(newConnection()),this,SLOT(acceptConnection()));

 void MainWindow::acceptConnection()
{
    socket = tcpServer->nextPendingConnection();
    //将新连接的Socket放到List中进行管理
    tcpClientSocketList.append(socket);
    connect(socket,SIGNAL(readyread()),this , SLOT(dataReceive()));
}

void MainWindow::dataReceive()
{
    QString datas = tcpSocket->readAll();
    ui->lineEdit->setText(datas);
}

//client
QTcpSocket * tcpSocket ;
this->tcpSocket = new QTcpSocket(this);
//连接到服务器
tcpSocket->connectToHost("127.0.0.1",6666);
connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(connected()),this,SLOT(slotConnected()));
connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(disconnected()),this,SLOT(slotDisconnected()));
connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(dataReceived()));
//连接到服务器后处理函数
void TcpClient::slotConnected()
{

}
//发送数据
void TcpClient::slotSend()
{
    if(sendLineEdit->text()=="")
    {
        return ;
    }

    QString msg=userName+":"+sendLineEdit->text();

    tcpSocket->write(msg.toLatin1(),msg.length());
    sendLineEdit->clear();
}
//断开连接
void TcpClient::slotDisconnected()
{

}
//接收数据
void TcpClient::dataReceived()
{
    while(tcpSocket->bytesAvailable()>0)
    {
        QByteArray datagram;
        datagram.resize(tcpSocket->bytesAvailable());

        tcpSocket->read(datagram.data(),datagram.size());

        QString msg=datagram.data();
        contentListWidget->addItem(msg.left(datagram.size()));
    }
}