Java中创建(实例化)对象的五种方式
1、用new语句创建对象;
2、运用反射手段,调用java.lang.Class或者java.lang.reflect.Constructor类的newInstance()实例方法。如:Object obj = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").newInstance();
4、调用对象的clone()方法。
5、通过I/O流(包括反序列化),如运用反序列化手段,调用java.io.ObjectInputStream对象的 readObject()方法。
1、用new语句创建对象;
2、运用反射手段,调用java.lang.Class或者java.lang.reflect.Constructor类的newInstance()实例方法。如:Object obj = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").newInstance();
4、调用对象的clone()方法。
5、通过I/O流(包括反序列化),如运用反序列化手段,调用java.io.ObjectInputStream对象的 readObject()方法。
请看如下例子:
package com.review;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class TestClone implements Cloneable, Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3859091253969968165L;
private int age;
private String name;
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public TestClone(int age, String name) {
this.age = age;
this.name = name;
}
public TestClone() {
super();
}
@Override
protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return super.clone();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "TestClone [age=" + age + ", name=" + name + "]";
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException,
InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException,
ClassNotFoundException, IOException {
// new
TestClone tc = new TestClone(18, "obj1");
// clone
TestClone tc2 = (TestClone) tc.clone();
// newInstance
TestClone tc3 = (TestClone) Class.forName("com.review.TestClone")
.newInstance();
// I/O
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("testClone.tmp");
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
oos.writeObject(tc);
oos.close();
fos.close();
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("testClone.tmp");
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
TestClone tc4 = (TestClone) ois.readObject();
ois.close();
fis.close();
System.out.println(tc.toString());
System.out.println(tc2.toString());
System.out.println(tc3.toString());
System.out.println(tc4.toString());
}
}
结果集如下:
TestClone [age=18, name=obj1]
TestClone [age=18, name=obj1]
TestClone [age=0, name=null]
TestClone [age=18, name=obj1]
在调用newInstance方法时,调用的是TestClone的无参构造方法,所以age跟name都显示的是默认值。