bootmain.c

//  从硬盘中加载内核到内存中，然后再执行内核代码 


// Boot loader.
// 
// Part of the boot sector, along with bootasm.S, which calls bootmain().
// bootasm.S has put the processor into protected 32-bit mode.
// bootmain() loads an ELF kernel image from the disk starting at
// sector 1 and then jumps to the kernel entry routine.


#include "types.h"
#include "elf.h"
#include "x86.h"
#include "memlayout.h"


#define SECTSIZE  512


void readseg(uchar*, uint, uint);


void
bootmain(void)
{
  struct elfhdr *elf;
  struct proghdr *ph, *eph;
  void (*entry)(void);
  uchar* pa;


  //  scratch space 指临时存储空间？ 
  //  随便找了一个0x10000的地址存放这个elfhdr? 
  
  elf = (struct elfhdr*)0x10000;  // scratch space


  //  读入第一页 


  // Read 1st page off disk
  readseg((uchar*)elf, 4096, 0);


  //  检查elf->magic的值 


  // Is this an ELF executable?
  if(elf->magic != ELF_MAGIC)
    return;  // let bootasm.S handle error


  //  把各个程序段加载如内存 


  // Load each program segment (ignores ph flags).
  ph = (struct proghdr*)((uchar*)elf + elf->phoff);
  eph = ph + elf->phnum;
  for(; ph < eph; ph++){
    pa = (uchar*)ph->paddr;
    readseg(pa, ph->filesz, ph->off);
    if(ph->memsz > ph->filesz)
      stosb(pa + ph->filesz, 0, ph->memsz - ph->filesz);
  }


  //  通过入口点开始执行内核
  //  正常情况下不应该返回 
  //  这里应该是转入执行entry.S中的entry函数 


  // Call the entry point from the ELF header.
  // Does not return!
  entry = (void(*)(void))(elf->entry);
  entry();
}


  //  等待磁盘 


void
waitdisk(void)
{
  // Wait for disk ready.
  while((inb(0x1F7) & 0xC0) != 0x40)
    ;
}


  //  读一个扇区 


// Read a single sector at offset into dst.
void
readsect(void *dst, uint offset)
{
  // Issue command.
  waitdisk();
  outb(0x1F2, 1);   // count = 1
  outb(0x1F3, offset);
  outb(0x1F4, offset >> 8);
  outb(0x1F5, offset >> 16);
  outb(0x1F6, (offset >> 24) | 0xE0);
  outb(0x1F7, 0x20);  // cmd 0x20 - read sectors


  // Read data.
  waitdisk();
  insl(0x1F0, dst, SECTSIZE/4);
}


  //  从kernel中offset byte开始的位置读count bytes到内存中的pa位置 


// Read 'count' bytes at 'offset' from kernel into physical address 'pa'.
// Might copy more than asked.
void
readseg(uchar* pa, uint count, uint offset)
{
  uchar* epa;


  epa = pa + count;


  // Round down to sector boundary.
  pa -= offset % SECTSIZE;


  // Translate from bytes to sectors; kernel starts at sector 1.
  offset = (offset / SECTSIZE) + 1;


  // If this is too slow, we could read lots of sectors at a time.
  // We'd write more to memory than asked, but it doesn't matter --
  // we load in increasing order.
  for(; pa < epa; pa += SECTSIZE, offset++)
    readsect(pa, offset);
}