1.Proxy模式
代理模式支持将某些操作从实际的对象中分离出来,通过它的代理类提供处理。这样便于修改和管理这些特定的操作。
下面示例一个代理模式的实现。
<<interface>>Subject.java
package
com.zj.proxy;
public
class
RealSubject
implements
Subject {
public
void
operation1() {
System.
out
.println(
"Realer do operation1"
);
}
public
void
operation2(String arg) {
System.
out
.println(
"Realer do operation2 with "
+ arg);
}
}
|
代理类ProxySubject.java
package
com.zj.proxy.client;
import
com.zj.proxy.Subject;
import
com.zj.proxy.RealSubject;
import
com.zj.proxy.ProxySubject;
public
class
SimpleProxyDemo {
public
static
void
consumer(
Subject
subject) {
subject.operation1();
subject.operation2(
"ZJ"
);
}
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
RealSubject real =
new
RealSubject();
System.
out
.println(
"===Without Proxy==="
);
consumer(real);
System.
out
.println(
"===Use Proxy==="
);
consumer(
new
ProxySubject(real));
}
}
|
结果:
===Without Proxy===
Realer do operation1
Realer do operation2 with ZJ
===Use Proxy===
Proxyer do operation1
Realer do operation1
Proxyer do operation2 with ZJ
Realer do operation2 with ZJ
2.使用Java的动态代理机制
设计一个类用于实现InvocationHandle接口,InvocationHandler 是代理实例的调用处理程序实现的接口。
每个代理实例都具有一个关联的调用处理程序。对代理实例调用方法时,将对方法调用进行编码并将其指派到它的调用处理程序的 invoke 方法。
<<interface>>InvocationHandle.java
package
com.zj.proxy.dynamic;
import
java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import
java.lang.reflect.Method;
public
class
DynamicProxyHandler
implements
InvocationHandler {
private
Object
proxied
;
public
DynamicProxyHandler(Object proxied) {
this
.
proxied
= proxied;
}
public
Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
throws
Throwable {
System.
out
.println(
"**** proxy: ****\n"
+ proxy.getClass()
+
"\nmethod: "
+ method +
"\nargs: "
+ args);
if
(args !=
null
)
for
(Object arg : args)
System.
out
.println(
" "
+ arg);
return
method.invoke(
proxied
, args);
}
}
|
这里的
private
Object
proxied
;即代理实例,也即上文代理模式中介绍的RealSubject对象。
在invoke()方法中,我们会打印它的所有参数,并调用当前代理的方法。
测试类DynamicProxyDemo.java
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package
com.zj.proxy.client;
import
java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import
com.zj.proxy.Subject;
import
com.zj.proxy.RealSubject;
import
com.zj.proxy.dynamic.DynamicProxyHandler;
public
class
DynamicProxyDemo {
public
static
void
consumer(Subject subject) {
subject.operation1();
subject.operation2(
"ZJ"
);
}
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
RealSubject real =
new
RealSubject();
System.
out
.println(
"===Without Proxy==="
);
consumer(real);
System.
out
.println(
"===Use Proxy==="
);
Subject proxy = (Subject) Proxy.
newProxyInstance(Subject.
class
.getClassLoader(),
new
Class[] { Subject.
class
},
new
DynamicProxyHandler(real));
consumer(proxy);
}
}
这里通过Proxy的静态方法
newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces,InvocationHandler h)生成代理类,并传递与其关联的调用处理程序
new
DynamicProxyHandler(real)。
对于newProxyInstance()的参数:
[1]loader - 定义代理类的类加载器 ;
[2]interfaces - 代理类要实现的接口列表 ;
[3]h - 指派方法调用的调用处理程序 。
测试结果:
===Without Proxy===
Realer do operation1
Realer do operation2 with ZJ
===Use Proxy===
**** proxy: ****
class $Proxy0
method: public abstract void com.zj.proxy.Subject.operation1()
args: null
Realer do operation1
**** proxy: ****
class $Proxy0
method: public abstract void com.zj.proxy.Subject.operation2(java.lang.String)
args: [Ljava.lang.Object;@de6f34
ZJ
Realer do operation2 with ZJ
从结果可以发现,通过代理可以得到当前被调用的方法,及其参数。代理过程可以基于此进行逻辑处理,测试程序只是简单的打印这些相关信息。