Socket,简称套接字,由ip和port(端口号组成),例如:192.168.1.16:8080,Socket有两种主要的操作方式:面向连接的和无连接的,即TCP和UDP连接,面向连接的使用TCP协议。
Java在包Java.net中提供了两个类Socket和ServerSocket,分别用来表示双向连接的客户端和服务端,服务器端先通过ServerSocket开启服务,然后客户端才可通过新建一个Socket连接到服务器端。
首先先看一下服务器端的构建
这里通过Java代码实现服务器端的功能:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class MyServer {
// 定义保存所有Socket的集合
public static ArrayList<Socket> sockets = new ArrayList<Socket>();
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(20000);
System.out.println("服务器创建成功");
System.out.println("等待客户端的连接.....");
while (true) {
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
System.out.println("有客户端链接进来");
sockets.add(socket);
new Thread(new ServerThread(socket)).start();
}
}
}
服务器端线程代码:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.Socket;
public class ServerThread implements Runnable {
// 定义当前线程所处理的Socket
private Socket socket = null;
// 该线程所处理的Socket所对应的输入流
BufferedReader br = null;
public ServerThread(Socket socket) throws UnsupportedEncodingException,
IOException {
this.socket = socket;
// 初始化该Socket对应的输入流
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(),
"utf-8"));
}
OutputStream os;
@Override
public void run() {
try {
String content = null;
// 采用循环不断从Socket中读取客户端发送过来的数据
while ((content = readFromClient()) != null) {
// 遍历socketList中的每个Socket,将读到的内容向每个Socket发送一次
for (Socket s : MyServer.sockets) {
os = s.getOutputStream();
os.write((content + "\n").getBytes("utf-8"));
String ss = MyServer.sockets.toString();
System.out.println(ss);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 定义读取客户端数据的方法
*
* @return
*/
private String readFromClient() {
try {
return br.readLine();
}
// 如果捕捉到异常,表明该Socket对应的客户端已经关闭
catch (Exception e) {
// 删除该Socket
// MyServer.sockets.remove(socket);
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
创建好服务器端Java项目之后,再新建一个Android项目来创建客户端
客户端的代码实现如下:
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private EditText input;
private EditText show;
private Button sendBtn;
private OutputStream os;
private Handler handler;
private Button main_btn_refresh;
private String ip;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
input = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.main_et_input);
show = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.main_et_show);
sendBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.main_btn_send);
main_btn_refresh = (Button) findViewById(R.id.main_btn_refresh);
main_btn_refresh.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
getConnect();
}
});
handler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// 如果消息来自子线程
if (msg.what == 0x234) {
// 将读取的内容追加显示在文本框中
show.append("\n" + msg.obj.toString());
}
}
};
getConnect();
ip = getIp();
sendBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
try {
// 将用户在文本框内输入的内容写入网络
os.write((ip + ": " + input.getText().toString() + "\r\n")
.getBytes());
// 清空input文本框数据
input.setText("");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
// 开启链接服务
private void getConnect() {
new Thread() {
public void run() {
Socket socket;
try {
Log.i("开启客户端请求", "请求打开");
socket = new Socket("192.168.1.67", 20000);
// 客户端启动ClientThread线程不断读取来自服务器的数据
new Thread(new ClientThread(socket, handler)).start();
os = socket.getOutputStream();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
};
}.start();
}
public String getIp() {
// 获取wifi服务
WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
// 判断wifi是否开启
if (!wifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
wifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
}
WifiInfo wifiInfo = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
int ipAddress = wifiInfo.getIpAddress();
String ip = intToIp(ipAddress);
return ip;
}
private String intToIp(int i) {
return (i & 0xFF) + "." + ((i >> 8) & 0xFF) + "." + ((i >> 16) & 0xFF)
+ "." + (i >> 24 & 0xFF);
}
}
客户端线程实现:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
public class ClientThread implements Runnable {
private Handler handler;
// 该线程所处理的Socket所对应的输入流
private BufferedReader br = null;
public ClientThread(Socket socket, Handler handler) throws IOException {
this.handler = handler;
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
String content = null;
// 不断读取Socket输入流的内容
while ((content = br.readLine()) != null) {
// 每当读到来自服务器的数据之后,发送消息通知程序界面显示该数据
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = 0x234;
msg.obj = content;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
br.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Activity的布局文件:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<EditText
android:id="@+id/main_et_input"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="10" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/main_btn_send"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="发送" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/main_btn_refresh"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="重新连接" />
</LinearLayout>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/main_et_show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:cursorVisible="false"
android:editable="false"
android:gravity="top" />
</LinearLayout>
最后在清单文件中加入下面的权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" >
</uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" >
</uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" >
</uses-permission>
之后在两个客户端进行对话,
产生了下面的效果:
本文转载自:http://blog.csdn.net/u010142437/article/details/9327541