一 安装4.1.1内核
1 安装软件
编译安装新内核,依赖于开发环境和开发库
# yum grouplist //查看已经安装的和未安装的软件包组,来判断我们是否安装了相应的开发环境和开发库;
# yum groupinstall "Development Tools" //一般是安装这两个软件包组,这样做会确定你拥有编译时所需的一切工具
# yum install ncurses-devel //你必须这样才能让 make *config 这个指令正确地执行
# yum install qt-devel //如果你没有 X 环境,这一条可以不用
# yum install hmaccalc zlib-devel binutils-devel elfutils-libelf-devel
如果是开发模式安装的系统,这些包应该都安装了。
2 解压内核到/usr/src/kernels 目录 重命名为:linux-4.1.1
原因是安装以后是这样的:
ls /usr/lib/modules/4.1.1/build -lh
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 28 Jul 10 16:41 /usr/lib/modules/4.1.1/build -> /usr/src/kernels/linux-4.1.1
cp /boot/config-3.10.0-229.7.2.el7.x86_64 ./config<pre name="code" class="python"># sh -c 'yes "" | make oldconfig'
make oldconfig会读取当前目录下的.config文件,在.config文件里没有找到的选项则提示用户填写。有的文档里介绍使用make memuconfig
make -j8 bzImage //生成内核文件<pre name="code" class="python">make -j4 modules //编译模块
make -j4 modules_install //编译安装模块
-j后面的数字是线程数,用于加快编译速度,一般的经验是,逻辑CPU,就填写那个数字,例如有8核,则为-j8。 3 安装内核:
# make install
二 安装google浏览器
首先到官网下载 google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh 安装报错 lsb >= 4.0
网上找到安装方法:
sudo yum localinstall google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
三 添加非官方源
http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el7.rf.x86_64.rpm
http://li.nux.ro/download/nux/dextop/el7/x86_64/nux-dextop-release-0-5.el7.nux.noarch.rpm
直接可以使用yum 安装vlc等软件
四 删除旧内核
rpm -qa | grep kenrl
执行:
sudo yum remove kernel-3.10.0-123.8.1.el7.x86_64
sudo yum remove kernel-devel-3.10.0-123.8.1.el7.x86_64
五 安装google earth
$ cd -
$ wget https://dl.google.com/dl/earth/client/current/google-earth-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
$ rpm2cpio google-earth-stable_current_x86_64.rpm | cpio -div
$ sudo cp -r opt/google/earth /opt/google/
$ sudo cp etc/cron.daily/google-earth /etc/cron.daily/
$ rm -rf usr opt etc
$ sudo ln -s /opt/google/earth/free/googleearth /usr/bin/google-earth
进入/opt/google/earth/free/googleearth 执行:
sudo cp product_logo_128.png /usr/share/icons/hicolor/128x128/apps/google-earth.png
sudo cp product_logo_16.png /usr/share/icons/hicolor/16x16/apps/google-earth.png
sudo cp product_logo_24.png /usr/share/icons/hicolor/24x24/apps/google-earth.png
sudo cp product_logo_256.png /usr/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps/google-earth.png
sudo cp product_logo_32.png /usr/share/icons/hicolor/32x32/apps/google-earth.png
sudo cp product_logo_48.png /usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps/google-earth.png
sudo cp product_logo_64.png /usr/share/icons/hicolor/64x64/apps/google-earth.png
sudo cp google-earth.desktop /usr/share/applications/
六 安装Nvidia 驱动
到官网找到具型号 下载:NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-352.21.run
blacklist.conf的位置是在/usr/lib/modprobe.d/dist-blacklist.conf
在最后添加:
blacklist nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0
注释掉:#blacklist nvidiafb
重建initramfs image:
mv /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r).img /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r).img.bak
dracut /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r).img $(uname -r)
systemctl isolate multi-user.target 切换到三模式安装
查看nouveau是否已经禁用
ls mod | grep nouveau
如果没有显示相关的内容,说明已禁用。
进入下载的驱动所在目录
chmod +xNVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-352.21.run
./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-352.21.run
安装过程中,选择accept
如果提示要修改xorg.conf,选择yes
如果重起后发现分辨率只有800x640 则需要修改
/etc/X11/xorg.conf
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Monitor0"
VendorName "Unknown"
ModelName "CRT-0"
HorizSync 31.0 - 84.0 #修改
VertRefresh 56.0 - 77.0 #修改 下面的添加
Mode "1920x1080"
DotClock 148.500000
HTimings 1920 2008 2052 2200
VTimings 1080 1084 1089 1125
Flags "+HSync" "+VSync"
EndMode
Mode "1680x1050"
DotClock 146.250000
HTimings 1680 1784 1960 2240
VTimings 1050 1053 1059 1089
Flags "-HSync" "-VSync"
EndMode
Section "Device" 添加一行:Option "UseEDID" "false"
Section "Screen"
# Removed Option "metamodes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0 {viewportin=1366x768}"
Identifier "Screen0"
Device "Device0"
Monitor "Monitor0"
DefaultDepth 24
Option "Stereo" "0"
Option "nvidiaXineramaInfoOrder" "CRT-0"
Option "metamodes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0 {viewportin=1920x1080}"
Option "SLI" "Off"
Option "MultiGPU" "Off"
Option "BaseMosaic" "off"
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1920x1080"
EndSubSection
EndSection
重起后即可选择分辨率。
笔记本禁用N卡方法:
添加源:rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
yum install bumblebee bumblebee-selinux bbswitch
一般情况使用默认设置即可
七 修改panel
/usr/share/gnome-shell/modes/classic.json修改panel的右为中
"panel": { "left": ["activities", "appMenu"],
"center": ["a11y", "keyboard", "volume", "bluetooth",
"network", "battery", "dateMenu", "userMenu"],
"right": []
}
八 光盘修复grub
1.装入光盘,在光盘引导界面选择troubleshooting
2.选择进入救援模式
#grub2-install --root-directory=/mnt/sysimage /dev/sda
MBR修复完成
grub配置文件丢失:
开机后会直接进入grub界面,显示为grub>:
修复步骤如下:
grub>insmod xfs
grub>set root=(hd0,1)
grub>linux16 /vmlinuz-xxxxx root=/dev/mapper/centos-root
grub>initrd16 /initramfs-.xxxxx.img
九 man 如何显示彩色字符
vim ~/.bashrc
#增加下面的内容:
export LESS_TERMCAP_mb=$'\E[01;31m'
export LESS_TERMCAP_md=$'\E[01;31m'
export LESS_TERMCAP_me=$'\E[0m'
export LESS_TERMCAP_se=$'\E[0m'
export LESS_TERMCAP_so=$'\E[01;44;33m'
export LESS_TERMCAP_ue=$'\E[0m'
export LESS_TERMCAP_us=$'\E[01;32m'
#生效文件
#source .bashrc