[nova]nova api执行过程分析

新手，水平较低，很多地方还不是很理解，错漏在所难免，后续会慢慢完善的。

我总结了一下，想要通过读懂源代码来学习一个新技术，大概可以分为三个步骤走：

1.理解相关的类库的功能及使用。

2.理清代码中对象的继承及调用关系。

3.阅读代码了解细节

相关类库

PythonWeb服务器网关接口（Python Web Server Gateway Interface，缩写为WSGI)

paste.deploy/webob/routes

oslo

1.wsgi

wsgi简要介绍：http://blog.csdn.net/u012977347/article/details/50490597

2.paste.deploy

官方文档：http://pythonpaste.org/deploy/

不想看官档可以看这个简要介绍：http://blog.csdn.net/u012977347/article/details/50465918

3.webob

官方文档：http://webob.org/

不想看官档可以看这个简要介绍：http://blog.csdn.net/u012977347/article/details/50487623

4.routers

官方文档：http://routes.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

不想看官档可以看这个简要介绍：http://blog.csdn.net/u012977347/article/details/50490392

源码流程分析

1.openstack api服务启动脚本api_os_computer.py

def main():
    config.parse_args(sys.argv)  #加载命令行参数
    logging.setup(CONF, "nova")	#加载日志模块
    utils.monkey_patch()	#加载辅助工具
    objects.register_all()	#不是很确定，应该是nova的对象的关系数据库映射对象类

    gmr.TextGuruMeditation.setup_autorun(version)

    #启动wsgi server
    should_use_ssl = 'osapi_compute' in CONF.enabled_ssl_apis
    server = service.WSGIService('osapi_compute', use_ssl=should_use_ssl)
    service.serve(server, workers=server.workers)
    service.wait()

可以看到nova-api服务都是通过nova.service.WSGIService来管理的。

2.nova.service.WSGIService

class WSGIService(service.Service):
    """Provides ability to launch API from a 'paste' configuration."""

    def __init__(self, name, loader=None, use_ssl=False, max_url_len=None):
        """Initialize, but do not start the WSGI server.

        :param name: The name of the WSGI server given to the loader.
        :param loader: Loads the WSGI application using the given name.
        :returns: None

        """
        self.name = name #wsgi server的名字，在这里是osapi_compute
        self.manager = self._get_manager() #推测和后台有关，迟点回来看
        self.loader = loader or wsgi.Loader() #创建一个nova.wsgi.Loader对象，用于加载处理HTTP请求的wsgi app，实现restful接口，后面会继续讨论这个点。
        self.app = self.loader.load_app(name) #加载app
        # inherit all compute_api worker counts from osapi_compute
        if name.startswith('openstack_compute_api'):
            wname = 'osapi_compute'
        else:
            wname = name
        self.host = getattr(CONF, '%s_listen' % name, "0.0.0.0") #监听的主机地址
        self.port = getattr(CONF, '%s_listen_port' % name, 0)	#监听的端口
#推测这里是设置worker的数量，也就是协程的数量，不太确定。
        self.workers = (getattr(CONF, '%s_workers' % wname, None) or
                        processutils.get_worker_count())
        if self.workers and self.workers < 1:
            worker_name = '%s_workers' % name
            msg = (_("%(worker_name)s value of %(workers)s is invalid, "
                     "must be greater than 0") %
                   {'worker_name': worker_name,
                    'workers': str(self.workers)})
            raise exception.InvalidInput(msg)
        self.use_ssl = use_ssl #是否使用ssl
	#调用nova.wsgi.Server创建wsgi server
        self.server = wsgi.Server(name,
                                  self.app,
                                  host=self.host,
                                  port=self.port,
                                  use_ssl=self.use_ssl,
                                  max_url_len=max_url_len)
        # Pull back actual port used
        self.port = self.server.port
        self.backdoor_port = None

nova.service.WSGIService的基类是oslo.service,官网对oslo.service的描述是provides functionality for running OpenStack services.
oslo.service的git地址： http://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/oslo.service
下载oslo.service的源码来看，可以知道oslo.service.Service是通过eventlet.greenpool来管理wsgiServer的，也就是协程。

3.nova.wsgi.Loader

class Loader(object):
    """Used to load WSGI applications from paste configurations."""

    def __init__(self, config_path=None):
        """Initialize the loader, and attempt to find the config.

        :param config_path: Full or relative path to the paste config.
        :returns: None

        """
        self.config_path = None

        config_path = config_path or CONF.api_paste_config
        if not os.path.isabs(config_path):
            self.config_path = CONF.find_file(config_path)
        elif os.path.exists(config_path):
            self.config_path = config_path

        if not self.config_path:
            raise exception.ConfigNotFound(path=config_path)

    def load_app(self, name):
        """Return the paste URLMap wrapped WSGI application.

        :param name: Name of the application to load.
        :returns: Paste URLMap object wrapping the requested application.
        :raises: `nova.exception.PasteAppNotFound`

        """
        try:
            LOG.debug("Loading app %(name)s from %(path)s",
                      {'name': name, 'path': self.config_path})
            return deploy.loadapp("config:%s" % self.config_path, name=name)
        except LookupError:
            LOG.exception(_LE("Couldn't lookup app: %s"), name)
            raise exception.PasteAppNotFound(name=name, path=self.config_path)