Android基于Google Zxing实现二维码、条形码的扫

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-04 14:35:45 发布

神無木

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-04 14:35:45 发布

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贴上原博客地址：http://blog.csdn.net/xiaanming/article/details/10163203

随着智能手机的普及，越来越多的互联网技术应用于手机之上，二维码就是其中之一。手机二维码可以印刷在报纸、杂志等多种载体上，从而被广泛应用于各种领域。用户通过二维码扫描软件来解析二维码，从而达到快速获取信息，上网浏览网页的目的。

对于二维码扫描我们使用的是google的开源框架Zxing，我们可以去https://github.com/zxing/zxing下载源码和Jar包

这是运行后的实际效果，因为模拟器相机的原因我就直接截图贴出来了：

先来看一下项目结构：

如果你的项目也想加入此功能，你可以直接将com.mining.app.zxing.camera，com.mining.app.zxing.decoding，com.mining.app.zxing.view这三个包拷贝到你的项目中，然后引入相对应的资源进去，当然还需要引入zxing.jar

com.example.qr_codescan包里面有一个MipcaActivityCapture，这个Activity主要处理扫描界面的类，比如，扫描成功有声音和振动等等，主要关注里面的handleDecode(Result result, Bitmap barcode)方法，扫描完成之后将扫描到的结果和二维码的bitmap当初参数传递到handleDecode(Result result, Bitmap barcode)里面，我们只需要在里面写出相对应的处理代码即可，其他的地方都不用改，我这里处理扫描结果和扫描拍的照片

/**
	 * 处理扫描结果
	 * @param result
	 * @param barcode
	 */
	public void handleDecode(Result result, Bitmap barcode) {
		inactivityTimer.onActivity();
		playBeepSoundAndVibrate();
		String resultString = result.getText();
		if (resultString.equals("")) {
			Toast.makeText(MipcaActivityCapture.this, "Scan failed!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
		}else {
			Intent resultIntent = new Intent();
			Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
			bundle.putString("result", resultString);
			bundle.putParcelable("bitmap", barcode);
			resultIntent.putExtras(bundle);
			this.setResult(RESULT_OK, resultIntent);
		}
		MipcaActivityCapture.this.finish();
	}

我对MipcaActivityCapture界面的布局做了自己的改动，先看下效果图，主要是用到FrameLayout,里面嵌套RelativeLayout

布局代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent" >

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent" >

        <SurfaceView
            android:id="@+id/preview_view"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="center" />

        <com.mining.app.zxing.view.ViewfinderView
            android:id="@+id/viewfinder_view"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <include
            android:id="@+id/include1"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
            layout="@layout/activity_title" />
    </RelativeLayout>

</FrameLayout>

SurfaceView和View的本质区别在于，SurfaceView是在一个新起的单独线程中重新绘制画面，而View必须在UI的主线程中更新画面

关于SurfaceView可参照：http://www.eoeandroid.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=74872&fromuid=557627&_dsign=822472ed

标题栏部分写在另一个布局里面，然后include进来，因为这个activity_title在我项目里面还供其他的Activity使用，我也是直接拷贝出来的：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="@drawable/mmtitle_bg_alpha" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button_back"
        android:layout_width="75.0dip"
        android:text="返回"
        android:background="@drawable/mm_title_back_btn"
        android:textColor="@android:color/white"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_marginLeft="2dip" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textview_title"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/button_back"
        android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/button_back"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:gravity="center_vertical"
        android:text="二维码扫描"
        android:textColor="@android:color/white"
        android:textSize="18sp" />

</RelativeLayout>

在这个demo里面，有一个主界面MainActivity，里面定义了一个Button，一个ImageView和一个TextView,点击Button进入到二维码扫描界面，当扫描OK的时候，返回到主界面，将扫描的结果显示到TextView，将图片显示到ImageView里面，然后你可以不处理图片，我这里随带的加上图片，主界面的布局如下：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#ffe1e0de" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:text="扫描二维码" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/result"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button1"
        android:gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:lines="2"
        android:textColor="@android:color/black"
        android:textSize="16sp" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/qrcode_bitmap"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_below="@+id/result" />

</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity里面的代码如下，功能已经在代码里介绍了：

package com.example.qr_codescan;


import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	private final static int SCANNIN_GREQUEST_CODE = 1;
	/**
	 * 显示扫描结果
	 */
	private TextView mTextView ;
	/**
	 * 显示扫描拍的图片
	 */
	private ImageView mImageView;
	

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		mTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.result); 
		mImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.qrcode_bitmap);
		
		//点击按钮跳转到二维码扫描界面，这里用的是startActivityForResult跳转
		//扫描完了之后调到该界面
		Button mButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
		mButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				Intent intent = new Intent();
				intent.setClass(MainActivity.this, MipcaActivityCapture.class);
				intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
				startActivityForResult(intent, SCANNIN_GREQUEST_CODE);
			}
		});
	}
	
	
	@Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        switch (requestCode) {
		case SCANNIN_GREQUEST_CODE:
			if(resultCode == RESULT_OK){
				Bundle bundle = data.getExtras();
				//显示扫描到的内容
				mTextView.setText(bundle.getString("result"));
				//显示
				mImageView.setImageBitmap((Bitmap) data.getParcelableExtra("bitmap"));
			}
			break;
		}
    }	

}

上面的代码还是比较简单的，但是要想做出像微信那样只的扫描框，仅靠上面的代码是没有那种效果的，我们必须重写com.mining.app.zxing.view包下面的ViewfinderView类。这个类继承自View类，绘制了二维码扫描界面。如果你要修改扫描框的大小，去CameraManager类里面修改：

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2008 ZXing authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.mining.app.zxing.view;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashSet;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.Typeface;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;

import com.example.qr_codescan.R;
import com.google.zxing.ResultPoint;
import com.mining.app.zxing.camera.CameraManager;

/**
 * This view is overlaid on top of the camera preview. It adds the viewfinder
 * rectangle and partial transparency outside it, as well as the laser scanner
 * animation and result points.
 */

/*
 * 实现了二维码扫描界面，覆盖在相机预览之上，增加了取景器矩形和部分透明，以及激光扫描仪点动画效果及功能
 */
public final class ViewfinderView extends View {
	private static final String TAG = "log";
	/**
	 * 刷新界面的时间
	 */
	private static final long ANIMATION_DELAY = 10L;
	private static final int OPAQUE = 0xFF;

	/**
	 * 四个绿色边角对应的长度
	 */
	private int ScreenRate;
	
	/**
	 * 四个绿色边角对应的宽度
	 */
	private static final int CORNER_WIDTH = 10;
	/**
	 * 扫描框中的中间线的宽度
	 */
	private static final int MIDDLE_LINE_WIDTH = 6;
	
	/**
	 * 扫描框中的中间线的与扫描框左右的间隙
	 */
	private static final int MIDDLE_LINE_PADDING = 5;
	
	/**
	 * 中间那条线每次刷新移动的距离
	 */
	private static final int SPEEN_DISTANCE = 5;
	
	/**
	 * 手机的屏幕密度
	 */
	private static float density;
	/**
	 * 字体大小
	 */
	private static final int TEXT_SIZE = 16;
	/**
	 * 字体距离扫描框下面的距离
	 */
	private static final int TEXT_PADDING_TOP = 30;
	
	/**
	 * 画笔对象的引用
	 */
	private Paint paint;
	
	/**
	 * 中间滑动线的最顶端位置
	 */
	private int slideTop;
	
	/**
	 * 中间滑动线的最底端位置
	 */
	private int slideBottom;
	
	/**
	 * 将扫描的二维码拍下来，这里没有这个功能，暂时不考虑
	 */
	private Bitmap resultBitmap;
	private final int maskColor;
	private final int resultColor;
	
	private final int resultPointColor;
	private Collection<ResultPoint> possibleResultPoints;
	private Collection<ResultPoint> lastPossibleResultPoints;

	boolean isFirst;
	
	public ViewfinderView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
		super(context, attrs);
		
		density = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
		//将像素转换成dp
		ScreenRate = (int)(20 * density);

		paint = new Paint();
		Resources resources = getResources();
		maskColor = resources.getColor(R.color.viewfinder_mask);
		resultColor = resources.getColor(R.color.result_view);

		resultPointColor = resources.getColor(R.color.possible_result_points);
		possibleResultPoints = new HashSet<ResultPoint>(5);
	}

	@Override
	public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
		//中间的扫描框，你要修改扫描框的大小，去CameraManager里面修改
		Rect frame = CameraManager.get().getFramingRect();
		if (frame == null) {
			return;
		}
		
		//初始化中间线滑动的最上边和最下边
		if(!isFirst){
			isFirst = true;
			slideTop = frame.top;
			slideBottom = frame.bottom;
		}
		
		//获取屏幕的宽和高
		int width = canvas.getWidth();
		int height = canvas.getHeight();

		paint.setColor(resultBitmap != null ? resultColor : maskColor);
		
		//画出扫描框外面的阴影部分，共四个部分，扫描框的上面到屏幕上面，扫描框的下面到屏幕下面
		//扫描框的左边面到屏幕左边，扫描框的右边到屏幕右边
		canvas.drawRect(0, 0, width, frame.top, paint);
		canvas.drawRect(0, frame.top, frame.left, frame.bottom + 1, paint);
		canvas.drawRect(frame.right + 1, frame.top, width, frame.bottom + 1,
				paint);
		canvas.drawRect(0, frame.bottom + 1, width, height, paint);
		
		

		if (resultBitmap != null) {
			// Draw the opaque result bitmap over the scanning rectangle
			paint.setAlpha(OPAQUE);
			canvas.drawBitmap(resultBitmap, frame.left, frame.top, paint);
		} else {

			//画扫描框边上的角，总共8个部分
			paint.setColor(Color.GREEN);
			canvas.drawRect(frame.left, frame.top, frame.left + ScreenRate,
					frame.top + CORNER_WIDTH, paint);
			canvas.drawRect(frame.left, frame.top, frame.left + CORNER_WIDTH, frame.top
					+ ScreenRate, paint);
			canvas.drawRect(frame.right - ScreenRate, frame.top, frame.right,
					frame.top + CORNER_WIDTH, paint);
			canvas.drawRect(frame.right - CORNER_WIDTH, frame.top, frame.right, frame.top
					+ ScreenRate, paint);
			canvas.drawRect(frame.left, frame.bottom - CORNER_WIDTH, frame.left
					+ ScreenRate, frame.bottom, paint);
			canvas.drawRect(frame.left, frame.bottom - ScreenRate,
					frame.left + CORNER_WIDTH, frame.bottom, paint);
			canvas.drawRect(frame.right - ScreenRate, frame.bottom - CORNER_WIDTH,
					frame.right, frame.bottom, paint);
			canvas.drawRect(frame.right - CORNER_WIDTH, frame.bottom - ScreenRate,
					frame.right, frame.bottom, paint);

			
			//绘制中间的线,每次刷新界面，中间的线往下移动SPEEN_DISTANCE
			slideTop += SPEEN_DISTANCE;
			if(slideTop >= frame.bottom){
				slideTop = frame.top;
			}
			canvas.drawRect(frame.left + MIDDLE_LINE_PADDING, slideTop - MIDDLE_LINE_WIDTH/2, frame.right - MIDDLE_LINE_PADDING,slideTop + MIDDLE_LINE_WIDTH/2, paint);
			
			
			//画扫描框下面的字
			paint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
			paint.setTextSize(TEXT_SIZE * density);
			paint.setAlpha(0x40);
			paint.setTypeface(Typeface.create("System", Typeface.BOLD));
			canvas.drawText(getResources().getString(R.string.scan_text), frame.left, (float) (frame.bottom + (float)TEXT_PADDING_TOP *density), paint);
			
			

			Collection<ResultPoint> currentPossible = possibleResultPoints;
			Collection<ResultPoint> currentLast = lastPossibleResultPoints;
			if (currentPossible.isEmpty()) {
				lastPossibleResultPoints = null;
			} else {
				possibleResultPoints = new HashSet<ResultPoint>(5);
				lastPossibleResultPoints = currentPossible;
				paint.setAlpha(OPAQUE);
				paint.setColor(resultPointColor);
				for (ResultPoint point : currentPossible) {
					canvas.drawCircle(frame.left + point.getX(), frame.top
							+ point.getY(), 6.0f, paint);
				}
			}
			if (currentLast != null) {
				paint.setAlpha(OPAQUE / 2);
				paint.setColor(resultPointColor);
				for (ResultPoint point : currentLast) {
					canvas.drawCircle(frame.left + point.getX(), frame.top
							+ point.getY(), 3.0f, paint);
				}
			}

			
			//只刷新扫描框的内容，其他地方不刷新
			postInvalidateDelayed(ANIMATION_DELAY, frame.left, frame.top,
					frame.right, frame.bottom);
			
		}
	}

	public void drawViewfinder() {
		resultBitmap = null;
		invalidate();
	}

	/**
	 * Draw a bitmap with the result points highlighted instead of the live
	 * scanning display.
	 * 
	 * @param barcode
	 *            An image of the decoded barcode.
	 */
	public void drawResultBitmap(Bitmap barcode) {
		resultBitmap = barcode;
		invalidate();
	}

	public void addPossibleResultPoint(ResultPoint point) {
		possibleResultPoints.add(point);
	}

}

这一句很关键，postInvalidateDelayed函数主要用来在非UI线程中刷新UI界面，每个ANIMATION_DELAY时间，刷新指定的范围，所以会不停得调用onDraw函数，并在界面上添加绿色的特征点。在刚开始看这份代码时，没明白是如何添加绿色的标记点的，现在再看了一遍，大致明白了。在camera聚焦获取图片后，再使用core中的库进行解析，会得出特征点的坐标，最后通过ViewfinderResultPointCallback类回调，将特征点添加到ViewfinderView中的ArrayList容器中：

postInvalidateDelayed(ANIMATION_DELAY, frame.left, frame.top,
					frame.right, frame.bottom);

激光扫描仪点动画效果：

上面的代码中，中间那根线微信是用的图片，我这里是画的，如果你想更加仿真点就将下面的代码：

canvas.drawRect(frame.left + MIDDLE_LINE_PADDING, slideTop - MIDDLE_LINE_WIDTH/2, frame.right - MIDDLE_LINE_PADDING,slideTop + MIDDLE_LINE_WIDTH/2, paint);

替换成：

Rect lineRect = new Rect();  
            lineRect.left = frame.left;  
            lineRect.right = frame.right;  
            lineRect.top = slideTop;  
            lineRect.bottom = slideTop + 18;  
            canvas.drawBitmap(((BitmapDrawable)(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.qrcode_scan_line))).getBitmap(), null, lineRect, paint);

那条扫描线自己去微信里面找一下，我贴出来的失真了，下载微信apk,将后缀名改成zip,然后解压就行了

画扫描框下面字体的代码需要修改下，这样能根据字体自动排列在中间：

paint.setColor(Color.WHITE);    
paint.setTextSize(TEXT_SIZE * density);    
paint.setAlpha(0x40);    
paint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT_BOLD);   
String text = getResources().getString(R.string.R.string.scan_text);  
float textWidth = paint.measureText(text);  
  
canvas.drawText(text, (width - textWidth)/2, (float) (frame.bottom + (float)TEXT_PADDING_TOP *density), paint)