django 项目，app 构建，admin 工具使用,根据model生成表

环境：安装了django1.11，mysql，Mysql-python

创建一个django项目 

 

django-admin.py startproject shuili

创建app（在项目的根目录下），注意以下步骤都是基于app

 

python3 manage.py startapp back

 

目录结构

 

 

shuili
|-- back
|   |-- admin.py
|   |-- admin.pyc
|   |-- apps.py
|   |-- __init__.py
|   |-- __init__.pyc
|   |-- migrations
|   |   |-- 0001_initial.py
|   |   |-- 0001_initial.pyc
|   |   |-- __init__.py
|   |   `-- __init__.pyc
|   |-- models.py
|   |-- models.pyc
|   |-- tests.py
|   `-- views.py
|-- manage.py
|-- run.py
`-- shuili
    |-- __init__.py
    |-- __init__.pyc
    |-- settings.py
    |-- settings.pyc
    |-- urls.py
    |-- urls.pyc
    |-- wsgi.py
    `-- wsgi.pyc

 

访 http://127.0.0.1:8000/ (或者http://localhost:8000/)即可得到  It worked! 

 

 

python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

修改settings.py的db配置

 

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'shuili',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': '3306',
    }
}

修改静态文件配置，admin的static静态文件可以在python的site-packages下Django-1.11-py2.7.egg\django\contrib\admin\static找到。可以把此目录下的文件拷贝到当前项目下。

admin的templates 默认使用的是Django-1.11-py2.7.egg\django\contrib\admin\templates。

 

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')#static 目录的绝对位置
print STATIC_ROOT

在urls.py 最下面加入

 

from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns

urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()

创建数据库

 

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

 

创建admin账号密码

 

 

python manage.py createsuperuser

启动项目

 

python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

登录界面

创建新的数据库 model，models.py(注意此处没有max_length=255等参数，是因为在数据库中寂静建立一下三个表，如果没有建立，则需要写这些参数）

 

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class SiteInfo(models.Model):
    """
    站点信息
    """
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'site_info'
        verbose_name = "站点信息"
        verbose_name_plural = "站点信息"
    id = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='id',primary_key=True)
    site_num = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='site_num')
    site_name = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='site_name')
    province = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='province')
    city = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='city')
    area = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='area')
    lo = models.FloatField(db_column='lo')
    la = models.FloatField(db_column='la')
    remarks = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='remarks',blank=True)
    type = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='type')
    #around_site_ids = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='around_site_ids')
    site_info = models.ManyToManyField("self",verbose_name = "相关站点",blank=True)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(db_column='create_time')
    update_time =models.DateTimeField(db_column='update_time')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.site_name#外键会调用

class River(models.Model):
    """
    水位
    """
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'river'

        verbose_name = "水位"
        verbose_name_plural = "水位"
    id = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='id',primary_key=True)
    data = models.FloatField(db_column='data',verbose_name='data1')
    #site_id = models.CharField(db_column='site_id')
    site=models.ForeignKey(SiteInfo,verbose_name='站点')
    remarks = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='remarks',blank=True)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(db_column='create_time')
    date_hour = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='date_hour')


class Rain(models.Model):
    """
    降水
    """
    class Meta:
        db_table = 'rain'

        verbose_name = "降水"
        verbose_name_plural = "降水"
    id = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='id', primary_key=True)
    data = models.FloatField(db_column='data')

    #site_id = models.CharField(max_length=20,db_column='site_id')
    site = models.ForeignKey(SiteInfo)
    remarks = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='remarks',blank=True)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(db_column='create_time')
    date_hour = models.CharField(max_length=255,db_column='date_hour')

根据model建立数据库表（admin工具自动建立），输入以下命令

 

 

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

如果执行python manage.py makemigrations提示没有改变No changes detected，执行以下步骤：

1、删除 app目录下migrations目录下除了__init__.py文件以外的所有文件。

如果提示执行 python manage.py migrate提示 No migrations to apply，执行如下步骤

1、从数据库删除自己app的记录

 

delete from django_migrations where app='back';  #back是你app的名字

 

 

 

 

 

把model注册给admin管理

 

 

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.contrib import admin
import models
# Register your models here.
class RiverAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('id', 'data', 'site','remarks','create_time','date_hour')   #添加字段显示
    search_fields = ('data', 'remarks')   #添加快速查询栏
class RainAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('id', 'data', 'site','remarks','create_time','date_hour')   #添加字段显示
    search_fields = ('data', 'remarks')   #添加快速查询栏

admin.site.register(models.SiteInfo)
admin.site.register(models.Rain, RainAdmin)
admin.site.register(models.River, RiverAdmin)

 

 

 

加入自己的app包路径

 

 

 

 

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    "back"#models.py的目录
]

启动项目，并登陆可以看到