容器初始化一个servlet时会建一个唯一的servletConfig,并只对这个servlet可用
<servlet>
<servlet-name>xxx</servlet-name>
<servlet-value>xxxxx</servlet-value>
<init-param>
<param-name>myinitparam</param-name>
<param-value>dddddddddd</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
在servlet中取得
getServletConfig().getInitParameter("myinitparam ");
上下文参数servletContext对整个web应用可用(且只有一个,如果是分布式应用,那么每个jvm有一个servletContext),而不只是针对一个servlet
<context-param>
<param-name>myinitparam</param-name>
<param-value>test</param-value>
</context-param>
在servlet中使用
getServletContext().getInitParameter("myinitparam ");
另一种使用方法(有,不用,因为只要继承了httpServlet或者GenericServlet就有getServletContext())
getServletConfig().getServletContext().getInitParameter("myinitparam ");
但是上下文是非线程安全的,所以对属性操作需要加锁
synchronized(getServletContext()) {
getServletContext().setAttribute("ddd","ddd");
}
关于listener
在DD文件中配置
<listener>
<listener-class>
xxx.xxx.xxx.myListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
对session加锁保证线程安全
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
synchronized(session) {
session.setAttribute("ddd", "ddd");
}
请求分派
RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("view.jsp");
dispatcher.forward(request, response);
RequestDispatcher可以从servletRequest和servletContext中取得,
但是servletRequest需要设置相对路径,而servletContext需要绝对路径。
即:
servletRequest:
RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("view.jsp");
servletContext:
RequestDispatcher dispatcher = getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher("/view.jsp");