转载请标明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/26994463
有个朋友需要个多线程现在的例子,就帮忙实现了,在此分享下~
先说下原理,原理明白了,其实很简单:
a、对于网络上的一个资源,首先发送一个请求,从返回的Content-Length中回去需要下载文件的大小,然后根据文件大小创建一个文件。
- this.fileSize = conn.getContentLength();// 根据响应获取文件大小
- File dir = new File(dirStr);
- this.localFile = new File(dir, filename);
- RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(this.localFile, “rw”);
- raf.setLength(fileSize);
- raf.close();
this.fileSize = conn.getContentLength();// 根据响应获取文件大小
File dir = new File(dirStr);
this.localFile = new File(dir, filename);
RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(this.localFile, "rw");
raf.setLength(fileSize);
raf.close();
b、根据线程数和文件大小,为每个线程分配下载的字节区间,然后每个线程向服务器发送请求,获取这段字节区间的文件内容。
- conn.setRequestProperty(“Range”, “bytes=” + startPos + “-“
- + endPos);// 设置获取实体数据的范围
conn.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=" + startPos + "-"
+ endPos);// 设置获取实体数据的范围
c、利用RandomAccessFile的seek方法,多线程同时往一个文件中写入字节。
- raf.seek(startPos);
- while ((len = is.read(buf)) != -1)
- {
- raf.write(buf, 0, len);
- }
raf.seek(startPos);
while ((len = is.read(buf)) != -1)
{
raf.write(buf, 0, len);
}
分析完了原理就很简单了,我封装了一个类,利用这个类的实例进行下载,所需参数:下载资源的URI, 本地文件路径,线程的数量。
- package com.zhy.mutilthread_download;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
- import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
- import java.net.URL;
- public class MultipartThreadDownloador
- {
- /**
- * 需要下载资源的地址
- */
- private String urlStr;
- /**
- * 下载的文件
- */
- private File localFile;
- /**
- * 需要下载文件的存放的本地文件夹路径
- */
- private String dirStr;
- /**
- * 存储到本地的文件名
- */
- private String filename;
- /**
- * 开启的线程数量
- */
- private int threadCount;
- /**
- * 下载文件的大小
- */
- private long fileSize;
- public MultipartThreadDownloador(String urlStr, String dirStr,
- String filename, int threadCount)
- {
- this.urlStr = urlStr;
- this.dirStr = dirStr;
- this.filename = filename;
- this.threadCount = threadCount;
- }
- public void download() throws IOException
- {
- createFileByUrl();
- /**
- * 计算每个线程需要下载的数据长度
- */
- long block = fileSize % threadCount == 0 ? fileSize / threadCount
- : fileSize / threadCount + 1;
- for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++)
- {
- long start = i * block;
- long end = start + block >= fileSize ? fileSize : start + block - 1;
- new DownloadThread(new URL(urlStr), localFile, start, end).start();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 根据资源的URL获取资源的大小,以及在本地创建文件
- */
- public void createFileByUrl() throws IOException
- {
- URL url = new URL(urlStr);
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
- conn.setConnectTimeout(15 * 1000);
- conn.setRequestMethod(”GET”);
- conn.setRequestProperty(
- ”Accept”,
- ”image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*”);
- conn.setRequestProperty(”Accept-Language”, “zh-CN”);
- conn.setRequestProperty(”Referer”, urlStr);
- conn.setRequestProperty(”Charset”, “UTF-8”);
- conn.setRequestProperty(
- ”User-Agent”,
- ”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)”);
- conn.setRequestProperty(”Connection”, “Keep-Alive”);
- conn.connect();
- if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200)
- {
- this.fileSize = conn.getContentLength();// 根据响应获取文件大小
- if (fileSize <= 0)
- throw new RuntimeException(
- ”the file that you download has a wrong size … ”);
- File dir = new File(dirStr);
- if (!dir.exists())
- dir.mkdirs();
- this.localFile = new File(dir, filename);
- RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(this.localFile, “rw”);
- raf.setLength(fileSize);
- raf.close();
- System.out.println(”需要下载的文件大小为 :” + this.fileSize + “ , 存储位置为: ”
- + dirStr + ”/” + filename);
- } else
- {
- throw new RuntimeException(“url that you conneted has error …”);
- }
- }
- private class DownloadThread extends Thread
- {
- /**
- * 下载文件的URI
- */
- private URL url;
- /**
- * 存的本地路径
- */
- private File localFile;
- /**
- * 是否结束
- */
- private boolean isFinish;
- /**
- * 开始的位置
- */
- private Long startPos;
- /**
- * 结束位置
- */
- private Long endPos;
- public DownloadThread(URL url, File savefile, Long startPos, Long endPos)
- {
- this.url = url;
- this.localFile = savefile;
- this.startPos = startPos;
- this.endPos = endPos;
- }
- @Override
- public void run()
- {
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ”开始下载…”);
- try
- {
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url
- .openConnection();
- conn.setConnectTimeout(15 * 1000);
- conn.setRequestMethod(”GET”);
- conn.setRequestProperty(
- ”Accept”,
- ”image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*”);
- conn.setRequestProperty(”Accept-Language”, “zh-CN”);
- conn.setRequestProperty(”Referer”, url.toString());
- conn.setRequestProperty(”Charset”, “UTF-8”);
- conn.setRequestProperty(”Range”, “bytes=” + startPos + “-“
- + endPos);// 设置获取实体数据的范围
- conn.setRequestProperty(
- ”User-Agent”,
- ”Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)”);
- conn.setRequestProperty(”Connection”, “Keep-Alive”);
- conn.connect();
- /**
- * 代表服务器已经成功处理了部分GET请求
- */
- if (conn.getResponseCode() == 206)
- {
- InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
- int len = 0;
- byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
- RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(localFile,
- ”rwd”);
- raf.seek(startPos);
- while ((len = is.read(buf)) != -1)
- {
- raf.write(buf, 0, len);
- }
- raf.close();
- is.close();
- System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
- + ”完成下载 : ” + startPos + “ – ” + endPos);
- this.isFinish = true;
- } else
- {
- throw new RuntimeException(
- ”url that you conneted has error …”);
- }
- } catch (IOException e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }
package com.zhy.mutilthread_download;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
public class MultipartThreadDownloador
{
/**
* 需要下载资源的地址
*/
private String urlStr;
/**
* 下载的文件
*/
private File localFile;
/**
* 需要下载文件的存放的本地文件夹路径
*/
private String dirStr;
/**
* 存储到本地的文件名
*/
private String filename;
/**
* 开启的线程数量
*/
private int threadCount;
/**
* 下载文件的大小
*/
private long fileSize;
public MultipartThreadDownloador(String urlStr, String dirStr,
String filename, int threadCount)
{
this.urlStr = urlStr;
this.dirStr = dirStr;
this.filename = filename;
this.threadCount = threadCount;
}
public void download() throws IOException
{
createFileByUrl();
/**
* 计算每个线程需要下载的数据长度
*/
long block = fileSize % threadCount == 0 ? fileSize / threadCount
: fileSize / threadCount + 1;
for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++)
{
long start = i * block;
long end = start + block >= fileSize ? fileSize : start + block - 1;
new DownloadThread(new URL(urlStr), localFile, start, end).start();
}
}
/**
* 根据资源的URL获取资源的大小,以及在本地创建文件
*/
public void createFileByUrl() throws IOException
{
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(15 * 1000);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
conn.setRequestProperty(
"Accept",
"image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
conn.setRequestProperty("Referer", urlStr);
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty(
"User-Agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.connect();
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200)
{
this.fileSize = conn.getContentLength();// 根据响应获取文件大小
if (fileSize <= 0)
throw new RuntimeException(
"the file that you download has a wrong size ... ");
File dir = new File(dirStr);
if (!dir.exists())
dir.mkdirs();
this.localFile = new File(dir, filename);
RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(this.localFile, "rw");
raf.setLength(fileSize);
raf.close();
System.out.println("需要下载的文件大小为 :" + this.fileSize + " , 存储位置为: "
+ dirStr + "/" + filename);
} else
{
throw new RuntimeException("url that you conneted has error ...");
}
}
private class DownloadThread extends Thread
{
/**
* 下载文件的URI
*/
private URL url;
/**
* 存的本地路径
*/
private File localFile;
/**
* 是否结束
*/
private boolean isFinish;
/**
* 开始的位置
*/
private Long startPos;
/**
* 结束位置
*/
private Long endPos;
public DownloadThread(URL url, File savefile, Long startPos, Long endPos)
{
this.url = url;
this.localFile = savefile;
this.startPos = startPos;
this.endPos = endPos;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "开始下载...");
try
{
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url
.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(15 * 1000);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
conn.setRequestProperty(
"Accept",
"image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
conn.setRequestProperty("Referer", url.toString());
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=" + startPos + "-"
+ endPos);// 设置获取实体数据的范围
conn.setRequestProperty(
"User-Agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.connect();
/**
* 代表服务器已经成功处理了部分GET请求
*/
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 206)
{
InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
int len = 0;
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(localFile,
"rwd");
raf.seek(startPos);
while ((len = is.read(buf)) != -1)
{
raf.write(buf, 0, len);
}
raf.close();
is.close();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ "完成下载 : " + startPos + " -- " + endPos);
this.isFinish = true;
} else
{
throw new RuntimeException(
"url that you conneted has error ...");
}
} catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
createFileByUrl方法,就是我们上述的原理的步骤1,得到文件大小和创建本地文件。我在程序使用了一个内部类DownloadThread继承Thread,专门负责下载。download()方法,根据线程数量和文件大小计算每个线程需要下载的字节区间,然后开启线程去下载。
服务器端:我就扔了几个文件在Tomcat根目录做实验,下面是测试代码:
- package com.zhy.mutilthread_download;
- import java.io.IOException;
- public class Test
- {
- public static void main(String[] args)
- {
- try
- {
- new MultipartThreadDownloador(“http://localhost:8080/nexus.zip”,
- ”f:/backup/nexus”, “nexus.zip”, 2).download();
- } catch (IOException e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
package com.zhy.mutilthread_download;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Test
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try
{
new MultipartThreadDownloador("http://localhost:8080/nexus.zip",
"f:/backup/nexus", "nexus.zip", 2).download();
} catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
输出结果:
- 需要下载的文件大小为 :31143237 , 存储位置为: f:/backup/nexus/nexus.zip
- Thread-1开始下载…
- Thread-2开始下载…
- Thread-3开始下载…
- Thread-4开始下载…
- Thread-4完成下载 : 23357430 – 31143237
- Thread-2完成下载 : 7785810 – 15571619
- Thread-1完成下载 : 0 – 7785809
- Thread-3完成下载 : 15571620 – 23357429
需要下载的文件大小为 :31143237 , 存储位置为: f:/backup/nexus/nexus.zip
Thread-1开始下载...
Thread-2开始下载...
Thread-3开始下载...
Thread-4开始下载...
Thread-4完成下载 : 23357430 -- 31143237
Thread-2完成下载 : 7785810 -- 15571619
Thread-1完成下载 : 0 -- 7785809
Thread-3完成下载 : 15571620 -- 23357429
截图:
ok,多线程下载介绍完毕,如果代码设计不合理,以及方法使用错误,欢迎各位留言,,,