CENTOS7搭建FTP服务器的具体步骤

[adam@localhost ~]$ cd /var[adam@localhost var]$ lsaccount cache db ftp gopher lib lock mail opt run target ypadm crash empty games kerberos local log nis preserve spool tmp[adam@localhost var]$ cd run[adam@localhost run]$ lsabrt cups ksmtune.pid netreport setroubleshoot udisks2alsactl.pid dbus libvirt NetworkManager sm-notify.pid useratd.pid dhclient-eno16777736.pid libvirtd.pid plymouth spice-vdagentd utmpauditd.pid dmeventd-client lock ppp sshd.pid xtables.lockavahi-daemon dmeventd-server log radvd sysconfig yum.pidcertmonger faillock lsm rpcbind syslogd.pidchronyd.pid gdm lvm rpcbind.sock systemdconsole gssproxy.pid lvmetad.pid samba tmpfiles.dcrond.pid gssproxy.sock mdadm sepermit tunedcron.reboot initramfs mount setrans udev[adam@localhost run]$ rm -rf yum.pid //解决yum命令的占用rm: cannot remove ‘yum.pid’: Permission denied[adam@localhost run]$ su -Password: Last login: Sat Nov 18 17:36:38 CST 2017 on pts/0[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/run[root@localhost run]# lsabrt cups ksmtune.pid netreport setroubleshoot udisks2alsactl.pid dbus libvirt NetworkManager sm-notify.pid useratd.pid dhclient-eno16777736.pid libvirtd.pid plymouth spice-vdagentd utmpauditd.pid dmeventd-client lock ppp sshd.pid xtables.lockavahi-daemon dmeventd-server log radvd sysconfig yum.pidcertmonger faillock lsm rpcbind syslogd.pidchronyd.pid gdm lvm rpcbind.sock systemdconsole gssproxy.pid lvmetad.pid samba tmpfiles.dcrond.pid gssproxy.sock mdadm sepermit tunedcron.reboot initramfs mount setrans udev[root@localhost run]# rm -rf yum.pid[root@localhost run]# cd [root@localhost ~]# yum install -y vsftpd //安装vsftpdLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cnPackage vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest versionNothing to do[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q vsftpdvsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64 //如果安装过一次可以删除重新进行安装warning: file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd_conf_migrate.sh: remove failed: No such file or directorywarning: file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf: remove failed: No such file or directorywarning: file /etc/vsftpd/user_list: remove failed: No such file or directorywarning: file /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers: remove failed: No such file or directorywarning: file /etc/vsftpd: remove failed: No such file or directory[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y vsftpdLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cnResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 0:3.0.2-22.el7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved======================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size========================================================================================================Installing: vsftpd x86_64 3.0.2-22.el7 base 169 kTransaction Summary========================================================================================================Install 1 PackageTotal download size: 169 kInstalled size: 348 kDownloading packages:vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64.rpm | 169 kB 00:00:08 Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transactionWarning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64 1/1 Installed: vsftpd.x86_64 0:3.0.2-22.el7 Complete![root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd.service //查看状态● vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sat 2017-11-18 17:29:42 CST; 19min agoNov 18 17:29:40 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Vsftpd ftp daemon...Nov 18 17:29:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: vsftpd.service: control process exited, code=exi...s=2Nov 18 17:29:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Vsftpd ftp daemon.Nov 18 17:29:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit vsftpd.service entered failed state.Nov 18 17:29:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: vsftpd.service failed.Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd.service //启动vsftpd[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd.service● vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2017-11-18 17:49:16 CST; 3s ago Process: 4423 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 4478 (vsftpd) CGroup: /system.slice/vsftpd.service └─4478 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.confNov 18 17:49:16 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Vsftpd ftp daemon...Nov 18 17:49:16 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Vsftpd ftp daemon.[root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf.bak[root@localhost ~]# vi /ect/vsftpd/vsftpf.conf[root@localhost ~]# vi /ect/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf[1]+ Stopped vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf 配置核心文件（必须按下文链接配置，也可以参考自己的需求配置user_list的配置链接到黑名单与白名单，黑名单即禁止访问FTP,白名单可以启用，userlist_enable=YESuserlist_deny=NO）[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd.service[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd.service● vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2017-11-18 17:49:16 CST; 1h 2min ago Process: 4423 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 4478 (vsftpd) CGroup: /system.slice/vsftpd.service └─4478 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.confNov 18 17:49:16 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Vsftpd ftp daemon...Nov 18 17:49:16 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Vsftpd ftp daemon.[root@localhost ~]# useradd vsftpd -s /sbin/nologinuseradd: user 'vsftpd' already exists[root@localhost ~]# userdel vsftpd[root@localhost ~]# useradd vsftpd -s /sbin/nologinCreating mailbox file: File exists[root@localhost ~]# useradd vsftpd -s /sbin/nologinuseradd: user 'vsftpd' already exists[root@localhost ~]# passwd vsftpdChanging password for user vsftpd.New password: BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 charactersRetype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/user_list[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/public_root[root@localhost ~]# chown -R vsftpd /var/public_root[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 755 /var/public_root[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd –stateusage: see firewall-cmd man pagefirewall-cmd: error: unrecognized arguments: –state[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd stateusage: see firewall-cmd man pagefirewall-cmd: error: unrecognized arguments: state[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --statenot running[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart vsftpd.service[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd.service● vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2017-11-18 19:07:04 CST; 1min 6s ago Process: 7137 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 7140 (vsftpd) CGroup: /system.slice/vsftpd.service └─7140 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.confNov 18 19:07:04 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Vsftpd ftp daemon...Nov 18 19:07:04 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Vsftpd ftp daemon.[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/selinux/You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root[root@localhost selinux]# lsconfig semanage.conf targeted[root@localhost selinux]# vi config[root@localhost selinux]# systemctl restart vsftpd.service[root@localhost selinux]# systemctl status vsftpd.service● vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2017-11-18 19:11:44 CST; 4s ago Process: 7475 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 7478 (vsftpd) CGroup: /system.slice/vsftpd.service └─7478 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.confNov 18 19:11:44 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Vsftpd ftp daemon...Nov 18 19:11:44 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Vsftpd ftp daemon.[root@localhost selinux]# setsebool -P ftpd_disable_trans 1Boolean ftpd_disable_trans is not definedYou have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root linux下回有提示框，这个就是　　方法1：修改/etc/selinux/config文件中的SELINUX="" 为 disabled ，然后重启。　　方法2：用命令setenforce 0，无需重启。（setenforce的格式：setenforce [ Enforcing | Permissive | 1 | 0 ]）　　方法3：在lilo或者grub的启动参数中增加：selinux=0,也可以关闭selinux。　　使用getenforce查看当前selinux是否正在运行。　　不关闭selinux，就要设置selinux的ftp权限在最下边。[root@localhost selinux]# cd ..[root@localhost etc]# ls[root@localhost etc]# cd /var/ftp[root@localhost ftp]# lspub[root@localhost ftp]# cd ..[root@localhost var]# lsaccount cache db ftp gopher lib lock mail opt public_root spool tmpadm crash empty games kerberos local log nis preserve run target yp[root@localhost var]# cd ftp[root@localhost ftp]# setsebool -P ftpd_disable_trans 1\Boolean ftpd_disable_trans is not defined[root@localhost ftp]# setsebool -P ftpd_disable_trans 1Boolean ftpd_disable_trans is not defined[root@localhost ftp]# systemctl restart vsftpd.service[root@localhost ftp]# systemctl status vsftpd.service● vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2017-11-18 19:16:00 CST; 5s ago Process: 7708 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 7709 (vsftpd) CGroup: /system.slice/vsftpd.service └─7709 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.confNov 18 19:16:00 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Vsftpd ftp daemon...Nov 18 19:16:00 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Vsftpd ftp daemon.如果FTP工具无法创建文件夹，可以修改如下命令 setsebool allow_ftpd_full_access 1 setsebool allow_ftpd_use_cifs 1 setsebool allow_ftpd_use_nfs 1 setsebool ftp_home_dir 1 setsebool httpd_enable_ftp_server 1 setsebool tftp_anon_write 1 getsebool -a|grep ftp最后关闭重启 systemctl stop vsftpd.service systemctl restart vsftpd.servicewindows下FTP客户端连接虚拟机以太网IP,如果成功连接，说明FTP服务器成功，创建文件 ，传输文件可能会报500，或者533等问题，点击远程站点根目录属性，数字值改为777，或者以上复选框全勾选即可selinux改为disabled，并注释掉seLinuxType那一行更多参考前点击：http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuozhang/articles/7856723.html本次学习FTP,主要是为了解决java编程使用FTP上传图片，所以需要在linux下搭建FTP服务器，区区菜鸟一个，能给道友们提供有用的知识，是区区荣幸，希望我们共同进步，也希望道友们也可以让区区抱抱大腿,,