Linux C 网络编程

经过一段时间，总结下简单练习 tcp 、 udp 通信

tcp 传输层协议通信

//tcp 协议实现 server client端的传输层信息通信
//server = socket描述符  bind绑定ip+端口号  listen打开端口   accpet阻塞等待client连接
//client = socket描述符  connect连接serverip+端口号
//server client 使用send recv 通信

//tcp 通信   server端while不断开  client能不断连接

#include "func.h"

int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
    int sfd;
    sfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);

    struct sockaddr_in ser;
    memset(&ser,0,sizeof(ser));
    ser.sin_family=AF_INET;
    ser.sin_port=htons(atoi(argv[2]));
    ser.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(argv[1]);
    int ret;
    ret=bind(sfd,(struct sockaddr*)&ser,sizeof(ser));

    listen(sfd,10);  //端口就打开了
    int new_fd=-1;
    struct sockaddr_in cli;
    int len=sizeof(cli);

    char buf[128]={0};
    fd_set rdset;
    fd_set tmpset;    //客户端交互new_fd socket 记录被监控的描述符
    FD_ZERO(&tmpset);
    FD_SET(0,&tmpset);   //监控stdin、sfd 两个描述符
    FD_SET(sfd,&tmpset);

    while(1){
             FD_ZERO(&rdset);
        //第一次进入while循环时，只会进入sfd,&redset判断内部
        memcpy(&rdset,&tmpset,sizeof(fd_set));   
        ret=select(11,&rdset,NULL,NULL,NULL);
        if(FD_ISSET(sfd,&rdset)){
           new_fd=accept(sfd,(struct sockaddr*)&cli,&len);
           FD_SET(new_fd,&tmpset);
           printf("client addr=%s,client port=%d\n",inet_ntoa(cli.sin_addr),ntohs(cli.sin_port));
        }
        if(FD_ISSET(new_fd,&rdset)){   //第一次 new_fd不在rdset中
           memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
           ret=recv(new_fd,buf,sizeof(buf),0);   //recv会阻塞
           if(ret>0){
                      printf("client:%s\n",buf);
            }else if(ret==0){
             printf("bye bye\n");
             close(new_fd);
             FD_CLR(new_fd,&tmpset);
             }
        }
        if(FD_ISSET(0,&rdset)&&FD_ISSET(new_fd,&tmpset)){    //new_fd不存在时会崩溃
            memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
            ret=read(0,buf,sizeof(buf));
            if(ret>0){
                send(new_fd,buf,strlen(buf)-1,0);
            }else{
              printf("bye bye\n");
              break;
            }
        }
    }
    close(new_fd);
    close(sfd);
    return 0;
}

//client端
#include "func.h"
int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
    int sfd;
    sfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);

    struct sockaddr_in ser;
    memset(&ser,0,sizeof(ser));
    ser.sin_family=AF_INET;
    ser.sin_port=htons(atoi(argv[2]));
    ser.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(argv[1]);
    int ret;
    ret=connect(sfd,(struct sockaddr*)&ser,sizeof(ser));

    char buf[128]={0};
    fd_set rdset;
    while(1)
    {
        FD_ZERO(&rdset);
        FD_SET(0,&rdset);
        FD_SET(sfd,&rdset);
        ret=select(sfd+1,&rdset,NULL,NULL,NULL);
        if(ret>0)
        {
            if(FD_ISSET(sfd,&rdset))
            {
                memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
                ret=recv(sfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0);//recv会阻塞
                if(ret>0)
                {
                    printf("server:%s\n",buf);
                }else if(0==ret)
                {
                    printf("byebye\n");
                    break;
                }
            }
            if(FD_ISSET(0,&rdset))
            {
                memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
                ret=read(0,buf,sizeof(buf));
                if(ret>0)
                {
                    ret=send(sfd,buf,strlen(buf)-1,0);
                    printf("send ok\n");
                }else{
                    printf("byebye\n");
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

udp 传输层协议通信

//udp通信   select模型
 //server只能先recivefrom client
//server端
#include "func.h"
int main(int argc,char **argv){
    int sfd;
    sfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
    struct sockaddr_in ser;
    memset(&ser,0,sizeof(ser));
    ser.sin_family=AF_INET;
    ser.sin_port=htons(atoi(argv[2]));
    ser.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(argv[1]);
    int ret;
    ret=bind(sfd,(struct sockaddr*)&ser,sizeof(ser));  //绑定端口  sfd+sockaddr_in

    char buf[128]={0};
    struct sockaddr_in cli;
    memset(&cli,0,sizeof(cli));
    int len=sizeof(cli);
    //server只能先recvfrom 得到数据包;保存client socket
    ret=recvfrom(sfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0,(struct sockaddr*)&cli,&len);
    printf("client addr=%s,client port=%d\n",inet_ntoa(cli.sin_addr),ntohs(cli.sin_port));
    fd_set rdset;

    while(1){
        FD_ZERO(&rdset);
        FD_SET(0,&rdset);
        FD_SET(sfd,&rdset);
        ret=select(10,&rdset,NULL,NULL,NULL);
        if(FD_ISSET(sfd,&rdset)){
            memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
            ret=recvfrom(sfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0,(struct sockaddr*)&cli,&len);
            if(ret>0){
                printf("client: %s\n",buf);
               // printf("client addr=%s,client port=%d\n",inet_ntoa(cli.sin_addr),ntohs(cli.sin_port));
            }else if(ret==0){
                printf("bye bye\n");
            }               
        }
        if(FD_ISSET(0,&rdset)){
            memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
            read(0,buf,sizeof(buf));   //发送到client
            sendto(sfd,buf,strlen(buf)-1,0,(struct sockaddr*)&cli,len);
        }
    //close(sfd);  //应该永运不会改变
    }
    return 0;
}

//client端
#include "func.h"
int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
    int sfd;
    sfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);

    struct sockaddr_in ser;
    memset(&ser,0,sizeof(ser));
    ser.sin_family=AF_INET;
    ser.sin_port=htons(atoi(argv[2]));
    ser.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(argv[1]);
    int ret;
    int len=sizeof(ser);
    //客户端先发送
    ret=sendto(sfd,"connect",10,0,(struct sockaddr*)&ser,len);

    char buf[128]={0};
    struct sockaddr_in cli;    //用来保存recvfrom传出参数
    memset(&cli,0,sizeof(cli));
    fd_set rdset;

    while(1){
        FD_ZERO(&rdset);
        FD_SET(0,&rdset);
        FD_SET(sfd,&rdset);
        ret=select(sfd+1,&rdset,NULL,NULL,NULL);
        if(FD_ISSET(sfd,&rdset)){
            memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
            recvfrom(sfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0,(struct sockaddr*)&cli,&len);
            printf("server: %s\n",buf);
        }
        if(FD_ISSET(0,&rdset)){
            memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
            read(0,buf,sizeof(buf));  //发送至server
            sendto(sfd,buf,strlen(buf)-1,0,(struct sockaddr*)&ser,len);
        }
    }
    close(sfd);
    return 0;
}