使用Servlet实现验证码

步骤

生成图片

    BufferedImage图像数据缓冲区
    Graphics绘制图片
    Color获取颜色
    Random生成随机数
    ImageIO输出图片

public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        BufferedImage bi=new BufferedImage(80, 22, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);//定义图像数据缓冲区
        Graphics g=bi.getGraphics();//获得绘笔
        g.setColor(new Color(220, 220, 220));//背景色
        g.fillRect(0, 0, 80, 22);//绘制背景

        //绘制文字
        char[] code="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789".toCharArray();
        StringBuffer sBuffer=new StringBuffer();
        Random r=new Random();
        int len=code.length,index;
        for(int i=0;i<4;i++){//4位验证码
            index=r.nextInt(len);//随机获得数组下标
            g.setColor(new Color(r.nextInt(255), r.nextInt(255), r.nextInt(255)));//随机设置一种颜色
            g.drawString(code[index]+"", (i*15)+3, 18);//绘制验证字符，
            sBuffer.append(code[index]);//保存字符
        }

        request.getSession().setAttribute("codeImage", sBuffer.toString());//将验证码值保存在Session中
        ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());//图片写入到输出流
    }
}

在web.xml中注册ImageServlet

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>servlet.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet/ImageServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

jsp页面中使用

<form action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/servlet/VerifyServlet" method="post">
<input type="text" name="verificationCode"/>
<img alt="验证码" id="vcode" src="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/servlet/ImageServlet">
<a href="javascript:refreshcode()">刷新</a>
<br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

校验验证码

    获取页面验证码
    获取session保存的验证码
    比较验证码
    返回校验结果

public class VerifyServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String code=(String) request.getSession().getAttribute("codeImage");//获得session中保存的验证码值
        String vcode=request.getParameter("verificationCode").toUpperCase();//获得用户输入的信息[忽略大小写]
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();//获得输出流
        if(code.equals(vcode)){//比较
            out.println("验证码输入正确");
        }else {
            out.print("验证码输入错误");
        }
    }
}

在web.xml中注册VerifyServlet

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>VerifyServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>servlet.VerifyServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>VerifyServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet/VerifyServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

完整示例:https://github.com/lazyboy20150303/VerificationCode