PYTHON读写xml文件的方法

http://www.2cto.com/kf/201205/133709.html

要生成的xml文件格式如下：
[python]
<?xml version="1.0" ?> 
<!--Simple xml document__chapter 8--> 
<book> 
    <title> 
        sample xml thing 
    </title> 
    <author> 
        <name> 
            <first> 
                ma 
            </first> 
            <last> 
                xiaoju 
            </last> 
        </name> 
        <affiliation> 
            Springs Widgets, Inc. 
        </affiliation> 
    </author> 
    <chapter number="1"> 
        <title> 
            First 
        </title> 
        <para> 
            I think widgets are greate.You should buy lots of them forom 
            <company> 
                Spirngy Widgts, Inc 
            </company> 
        </para> 
    </chapter> 
</book> 

代码：
[python]
from xml.dom import minidom, Node 
 
doc = minidom.Document() 
 
doc.appendChild(doc.createComment("Simple xml document__chapter 8")) 
 
#generate the book 
book = doc.createElement('book') 
doc.appendChild(book) 
 
#the title 
title = doc.createElement('title') 
title.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("sample xml thing")) 
book.appendChild(title) 
 
#the author section 
author = doc.createElement("author") 
book.appendChild(author) 
name = doc.createElement('name') 
author.appendChild(name) 
firstname = doc.createElement('first') 
firstname.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("ma")) 
name.appendChild(firstname) 
lastname = doc.createElement('last') 
name.appendChild(lastname) 
lastname.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("xiaoju")) 
 
affiliation = doc.createElement("affiliation") 
affiliation.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Springs Widgets, Inc.")) 
author.appendChild(affiliation) 
 
#The chapter 
chapter = doc.createElement('chapter') 
chapter.setAttribute('number', '1') 
title = doc.createElement('title') 
title.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("First")) 
chapter.appendChild(title) 
book.appendChild(chapter) 
 
para = doc.createElement('para') 
para.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("I think widgets are greate.\ 
You should buy lots of them forom")) 
company = doc.createElement('company') 
company.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Spirngy Widgts, Inc")) 
para.appendChild(company) 
chapter.appendChild(para) 
 
 
print doc.toprettyxml() 

http://lulinbest.blog.sohu.com/75921823.html

以前用Python中的minidom写过生成XML文件的程序,现在需要读取XML文件中的内容了，首先想到的还是minidom模块.一番编写测试后,如愿掌握了其函数的使用方式,和AJAX中的DOM操作没什么区别.

  以前就知道elementtree在处理XML文件时广受Python程序员的欢迎,也安装过elementtree的安装包,现在使用的Python2.5中已将其收录了.既然我要处理XML文件，当然也要学着使用更高效和易用的模块了.自己摸索了半天,除了有关名字空间的函数没有试用外,其它函数都试用过了.以后处理XML文件可以得心应手了。

下面是一个简单的例子,通过它可以知道各个函数的使用方法：
 

from xml.etree.ElementTree import ElementTree
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element
from xml.etree.ElementTree import SubElement
from xml.etree.ElementTree import dump
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Comment
from xml.etree.ElementTree import tostring

'''
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<PurchaseOrder>
  <account refnum="2390094"/>
  <item sku="33-993933" qty="4">
    <name>Potato Smasher</name>
    <description>Smash Potatoes like never before.</description>
  </item>
</PurchaseOrder>
'''

## Writing the content to xml document
book = ElementTree()

purchaseorder = Element('PurchaseOrder')
book._setroot(purchaseorder)

SubElement(purchaseorder,  'account', {'refnum' : "2390094"})

item = Element("item", {'sku' : '33-993933', 'qty' : '4'})
purchaseorder.append(item)
print item.items()       # [('sku', '33-993933'), ('qty', '4')]
print item.attrib        # {'sku': '33-993933', 'qty': '4'}
print item.get('sku')    # 33-993933
SubElement(item, 'name').text = "Potato Smasher"
SubElement(item, 'description').text = "Smash Potatoes like never before."

#book.write('book.xml',"utf-8")

#print tostring(purchaseorder)

#import sys
#book.write(sys.stdout)

#dump(book)

## Displaying the content of the xml document
print purchaseorder.find('account')
print purchaseorder.find('account').get('refnum')
print purchaseorder.findall('account')[0].get('refnum')

print purchaseorder.find('item/name')
print purchaseorder.find('item/name').text

## How to use ElementTree([element,] [file])
## 1. From standard XML element, it becomes root element
print ElementTree(item).getroot().find('name').text
## 2. From XML file
print ElementTree(file='book.xml').getroot().find('item/description').text


## Create an iterator
for element in purchaseorder.getiterator():
    print element.tag


## Get pretty look
def indent(elem, level=0):
    i = "\n" + level*"  "
    if len(elem):
        if not elem.text or not elem.text.strip():
            elem.text = i + "  "
        for e in elem:
            indent(e, level+1)
        if not e.tail or not e.tail.strip():
            e.tail = i
    if level and (not elem.tail or not elem.tail.strip()):
        elem.tail = i
    return elem

if __name__=="__main__":
    dump(indent(purchaseorder))
    book.write('book.xml',"utf-8")