IP地址的设定
在使用任何一个网络时,自己使用的终端设备如手机、电脑等都会获得一个自己单独的IP地址,有些IP地址是自动获取的,有一些是自己配置的,今天说一下IP地址的设定。
无论是使用Cisco、H3C还是Huawei的设备,路由器与交换机上设置IP地址的命令都是一样的。下面我使用华为的路由器与交换机作为示例:
下面是我们的实验拓扑图:
实验器材:AR路由器三台;吉比特以太网线缆三条
实验目标:实现IP地址的编制以及路由器之间的通信;
双击打开AR路由器,进入到命令行界面:
进入命令行后,<huawei>这个模式是用户模式,我们要进行IP地址的配置首先需要进入系统视图,然后在进入接口视图并赋予其IP地址,为了方便,我们在开始的时候可以给这台路由器一个名字:R1。
配置命令如下:
AR1的配置:
<Huawei>system-view //进图系统视图
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R1 //修改名字使用sysname这条命令
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R1 //修改名字使用sysname这条命令
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0//进入接口视图
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0//配置IP地址(A类)
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
Dec 12 2016 16:19:49-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0//配置IP地址(A类)
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
Dec 12 2016 16:19:49-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
//出现这个提示说明应用在GigabitEthernet0/0/0的IP地址生效并启用这个端口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit//退出当前模式
[R1]int LoopBack 0//回环接口
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
//子网掩码可以使用位数代替如[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 10.0.0.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]quit
[R1-LoopBack0]quit
[R1]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 3.3.3.2 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 3.3.3.2 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
同样的方式配置其他几个路由器:
AR2的配置:
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 1.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
Dec 12 2016 16:26:07-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 2.2.2.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Dec 12 2016 16:26:20-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R2]int loop 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 20.0.0.1 24
[R2-LoopBack0]qui
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 1.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
Dec 12 2016 16:26:07-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 2.2.2.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Dec 12 2016 16:26:20-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R2]int loop 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 20.0.0.1 24
[R2-LoopBack0]qui
AR3的配置:
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R3
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
Dec 12 2016 16:27:18-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 3.3.3.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Dec 12 2016 16:27:29-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R3]int loop 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 30.0.0.1 24
[R3-LoopBack0]qui
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R3
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
Dec 12 2016 16:27:18-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 3.3.3.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Dec 12 2016 16:27:29-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R3]int loop 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 30.0.0.1 24
[R3-LoopBack0]qui
这个时候我们可以查看一下路由表,看看我们给路由器赋上的IP地址是否在路由表内:
在R1上使用display ip-routing table的命令查看:
在R2上使用display ip-routing table的命令查看
在R3上使用display ip-routing table的命令查看
图片中各个接口对应的IP地址就建立好了。