深度学习GPU环境搭建：ubuntu16.04+GTX1070+Cuda8.0+tensorflow build from source

1、gtx1070显卡驱动安装

Step 1: Remove the Older version of Nvidia driver before installation
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
Step 2: Reboot the system
Step 3: Download the Nvidia Driver 367.27，记住下载的位置，不要在中文目录下
For 32bit
wget http://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/367.2/NVIDIA-Linux-x86-367.27.run
For 64 bit
wget http://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/367.27/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-367.27.run
Step 4: Switch to command prompt and stop the running Graphics session
按住Ctrl+Alt+F1切换到命令提示窗，需要记住下面的命令

For Ubuntu

sudo service lightdm stop
sudo service gdm stop

For LinuxMint

sudo mdm stop

Step 5: Give execute permissions to the installer
sudo chmod 755 NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-367.27.run
Step 6: Install the Nvidia 367.27 driver
sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-367.27.run
安装完成后重启使用
nvidia-smi
安装正确后将显示

2、cuda安装

2.1、禁用nouveau（是否必要未验证）

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf 

在最后添加：

blacklist nouveau 

退出

sudo update-initramfs -u 
sudo reboot

2.2更换gcc版本

ubuntu16.04默认安装的gcc版本为gcc-5.4，（可用gcc –version查看）有时可能需要低版本的，所以我们先安装gcc-4.8.5

sudo apt-get install -y gcc-4.8 g++-4.8 
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 20 
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8 20 
cd /usr/bin 
sudo cp gcc gcc_backup 
sudo cp g++ g++_backup
sudo rm gcc g++ 
sudo ln -s gcc-4.8 gcc 
sudo ln -s g++-4.8 g++ 

这样再用gcc –version查看就是4.8.5了，如果想切换为系统默认的版本：

sudo rm gcc g++ 
sudo ln -s gcc-5 gcc 
sudo ln -s g++-5 g++ 

2.3下载并安装Cuda Toolkit

https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads

这里选择了Ubuntu16.04系统runfile安装方案。
大小1.4G，下载完成后，到下载目录：
sudo sh cuda_8.0.27_linux.run
如果提示空间不足，在命令后面加上—tmpdir=/opt/temp/为：
sudo sh cuda_8.0.27_linux.run –tmpdir=/opt/temp/
之后回车有一系列提示需要确认，具体如下：
注意Install NVIDIA Accelerated Graphics Driver for Linux-x86_64 361.62?
答案必须是n，否则之前安装的驱动就白费了。

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Do you accept the previously read EULA?accept/decline/quit: accept
Install NVIDIA Accelerated Graphics Driver for Linux-x86_64 361.62?(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: n
Install the CUDA 8.0 Toolkit?(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: y
Enter Toolkit Location[ default is /usr/local/cuda-8.0 ]:
Do you want to install a symbolic link at /usr/local/cuda?(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: y
Install the CUDA 8.0 Samples?(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: y
Enter CUDA Samples Location[ default is /home/textminer ]:
Installing the CUDA Toolkit in /usr/local/cuda-8.0 …

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安装完成后声明环境变量：
sudo gedit ~/.bashrc
在最后加入：

export CUDA_HOME=/usr/local/cuda-8.0 
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH 
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/bin:$PATH 

退出后使其立即生效：
source ~/.bashrc
在这里输入

nvcc --version

看有没有信息输出，如果没有就重启终端。或者重启一下电脑。

测试：
打开到例子目录下进入到1_Utilities/deviceQuery目录下
sudo make
./deviceQuery
通过结果查看是否安装成功

3、下载安装cuDNN

Download and install cuDNN
https://developer.nvidia.com/cudnn
Download cuDNN v4 (v5 is currently a release candidate and is only supported when installing TensorFlow from sources).此处下载的是v5.1
下载完成后：

tar -xf cudnn-8.0-linux-x64-v5.1.tgz
sudo cp cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/include
sudo cp cuda/lib64/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64
sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*

4、tensorflow安装

Tensorflow 0.9.0 pip install (目前不支持CUDA8.0)
Tensorflow 0.9.0 docker install (目前不支持CUDA8.0)
所以使用build from source来安装

4.1、安装bazel

sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk
echo "deb http://storage.googleapis.com/bazel-apt stable jdk1.8" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bazel.list
curl https://storage.googleapis.com/bazel-apt/doc/apt-key.pub.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bazel

4.2、编译tensorflow

sudo apt-get install python-numpy swig python-dev
mkdir ~/github && cd ~/github
git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow
cd ~/github/tensorflow && ./configure

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根据情况进行输入选择
Please specify the location of python. [Default is /usr/bin/python]:
Do you wish to build TensorFlow with Google Cloud Platform support? [y/N] n
No Google Cloud Platform support will be enabled for TensorFlow
Found possible Python library paths:
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Please input the desired Python library path to use. Default is [/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages]
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Do you wish to build TensorFlow with GPU support? [y/N] y
GPU support will be enabled for TensorFlow
Please specify which gcc should be used by nvcc as the host compiler. [Default is /usr/bin/gcc]:
Please specify the Cuda SDK version you want to use, e.g. 7.0. [Leave empty to use system default]: 8.0
Please specify the location where CUDA 8.0 toolkit is installed. Refer to README.md for more details. [Default is /usr/local/cuda]:
Please specify the Cudnn version you want to use. [Leave empty to use system default]:
Please specify the location where cuDNN library is installed. Refer to README.md for more details. [Default is /usr/local/cuda]:
Please specify a list of comma-separated Cuda compute capabilities you want to build with.
You can find the compute capability of your device at: https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus.
Please note that each additional compute capability significantly increases your build time and binary size.
[Default is: “3.5,5.2”]:
Setting up Cuda include
Setting up Cuda lib64
Setting up Cuda bin
Setting up Cuda nvvm
Setting up CUPTI include
Setting up CUPTI lib64
Configuration finished
接下来输入：
bazel build -c opt –config=cuda //tensorflow/cc:tutorials_example_trainer
（如果zlib not installed：sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev）
（如果Getting “missing dependency declarations”错误，那么把这句话
cxx_builtin_include_directory: “/usr/local/cuda-8.0/include”
加到这个文件中相应有 cxx_builtin_include_directory的位置
third_party/gpus/crosstool/CROSSTOOL）
( 如果重新运行上面的命令bazel clean一下）
bazel-bin/tensorflow/cc/tutorials_example_trainer –use_gpu
如果有很长的输出，则说明可以调用cuda了
接着：
bazel build -c opt –config=cuda //tensorflow/tools/pip_package:build_pip_package
bazel-bin/tensorflow/tools/pip_package/build_pip_package /tmp/tensorflow_pkg
(如有错误ImportError: No module named setuptools，那么用pip安装setuptools)
sudo pip install /tmp/tensorflow_pkg/tensorflow-0.10.0rc0-py2-none-any.whl
具体版本进入对应目录看一下就好了。

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到此就都安装完成了，可以进入python环境，注意不要在tensorflow目录下打开
import tensorflow as tf
如果没有报错，则安装成功！