Dubbo作为阿里巴巴开源的RPC框架,也是业内被各大公司使用的最多的RPC框架,有些直接使用了Dubbo,有些对Dubbo进行改造,例如当当网使用的Dubbox。从本文开始,笔者将陆续介绍对Dubbo源码进行解析,本节从Dubbo中最为重要的ExtensionLoader开始讲起。
ExtensionLoader存在于common模块下,在Dubbo源码中,经常会看到这一的代码ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(ExtensionFactory.class).getDefaultExtension();下面代码是getExtensionLoader具体实现:
public static <T> ExtensionLoader<T> getExtensionLoader(Class<T> type) {
if (type == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Extension type == null");
if(!type.isInterface()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Extension type(" + type + ") is not interface!");
} if(!withExtensionAnnotation(type)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Extension type(" + type +
") is not extension, because WITHOUT @" + SPI.class.getSimpleName() + " Annotation!");
}
ExtensionLoader<T> loader = (ExtensionLoader<T>) EXTENSION_LOADERS.get(type);
if (loader == null) {
EXTENSION_LOADERS.putIfAbsent(type, new ExtensionLoader<T>(type));
loader = (ExtensionLoader<T>) EXTENSION_LOADERS.get(type);
}
return loader;
}
从以上实现可以看出,EXTENSION_LOADERS是作为ExtensionLoader类型的缓存中心,而EXTENSION_LOADERS的定义是
private static final ConcurrentMap<Class<?>, ExtensionLoader<?>> EXTENSION_LOADERS = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, ExtensionLoader<?>>();
是static的,可以作为类属性使用,公用一个。
在得到一个ExtensionLoader后,我们最主要的是为为了获取类的实例,我们会紧接着看到getDefaultExtension()的实现
public T getDefaultExtension() {
getExtensionClasses();
if(null == cachedDefaultName || cachedDefaultName.length() == 0 || "true".equals(cachedDefaultName)) {
return null;
}
return getExtension(cachedDefaultName);
}
先看下getExtensionClasses的实现
private Map<String, Class<?>> getExtensionClasses() {
Map<String, Class<?>> classes = cachedClasses.get();
if (classes == null) {
synchronized (cachedClasses) {
classes = cachedClasses.get();
if (classes == null) {
classes = loadExtensionClasses();
cachedClasses.set(classes);
}
}
}
return classes;
}
这里使用了双重验证锁,验证classes = cachedClasses.get();是否为null,避免由于多线程造成重复赋值。这里会跟着到loadExtensionClasses方法中去取得具体的classes
private Map<String, Class<?>> loadExtensionClasses() {
final SPI defaultAnnotation = type.getAnnotation(SPI.class);
if(defaultAnnotation != null) {
String value = defaultAnnotation.value();
if(value != null && (value = value.trim()).length() > 0) {
String[] names = NAME_SEPARATOR.split(value);
if(names.length > 1) {
throw new IllegalStateException("more than 1 default extension name on extension " + type.getName()
+ ": " + Arrays.toString(names));
}
if(names.length == 1) cachedDefaultName = names[0];
}
}
Map<String, Class<?>> extensionClasses = new HashMap<String, Class<?>>();
loadFile(extensionClasses, DUBBO_INTERNAL_DIRECTORY);
loadFile(extensionClasses, DUBBO_DIRECTORY);
loadFile(extensionClasses, SERVICES_DIRECTORY);
return extensionClasses;
}
这里就是具体的加载classes的地方了,这段代码最终会根据loadFile方法,讲三个文件夹下的文件都加载当作扩展类,那么具体看最重要的一段代码loadFile是如何加载类的
private void loadFile(Map<String, Class<?>> extensionClasses, String dir) {
String fileName = dir + type.getName();
try {
Enumeration<java.net.URL> urls;
ClassLoader classLoader = findClassLoader();
if (classLoader != null) {
urls = classLoader.getResources(fileName);
} else {
urls = ClassLoader.getSystemResources(fileName);
}
if (urls != null) {
while (urls.hasMoreElements()) {
java.net.URL url = urls.nextElement();
try {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream(), "utf-8"));
try {
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
final int ci = line.indexOf('#');
if (ci >= 0) line = line.substring(0, ci);
line = line.trim();
if (line.length() > 0) {
try {
String name = null;
int i = line.indexOf('=');
if (i > 0) {
name = line.substring(0, i).trim();
line = line.substring(i + 1).trim();
}
if (line.length() > 0) {
Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(line, true, classLoader);
if (! type.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Error when load extension class(interface: " +
type + ", class line: " + clazz.getName() + "), class "
+ clazz.getName() + "is not subtype of interface.");
}
if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(Adaptive.class)) {
if(cachedAdaptiveClass == null) {
cachedAdaptiveClass = clazz;
} else if (! cachedAdaptiveClass.equals(clazz)) {
throw new IllegalStateException("More than 1 adaptive class found: "
+ cachedAdaptiveClass.getClass().getName()
+ ", " + clazz.getClass().getName());
}
} else {
try {
clazz.getConstructor(type);
Set<Class<?>> wrappers = cachedWrapperClasses;
if (wrappers == null) {
cachedWrapperClasses = new ConcurrentHashSet<Class<?>>();
wrappers = cachedWrapperClasses;
}
wrappers.add(clazz);
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
clazz.getConstructor();
if (name == null || name.length() == 0) {
name = findAnnotationName(clazz);
if (name == null || name.length() == 0) {
if (clazz.getSimpleName().length() > type.getSimpleName().length()
&& clazz.getSimpleName().endsWith(type.getSimpleName())) {
name = clazz.getSimpleName().substring(0, clazz.getSimpleName().length() - type.getSimpleName().length()).toLowerCase();
} else {
throw new IllegalStateException("No such extension name for the class " + clazz.getName() + " in the config " + url);
}
}
}
String[] names = NAME_SEPARATOR.split(name);
if (names != null && names.length > 0) {
Activate activate = clazz.getAnnotation(Activate.class);
if (activate != null) {
cachedActivates.put(names[0], activate);
}
for (String n : names) {
if (! cachedNames.containsKey(clazz)) {
cachedNames.put(clazz, n);
}
Class<?> c = extensionClasses.get(n);
if (c == null) {
extensionClasses.put(n, clazz);
} else if (c != clazz) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Duplicate extension " + type.getName() + " name " + n + " on " + c.getName() + " and " + clazz.getName());
}
}
}
}
}
}
} catch (Throwable t) {
IllegalStateException e = new IllegalStateException("Failed to load extension class(interface: " + type + ", class line: " + line + ") in " + url + ", cause: " + t.getMessage(), t);
exceptions.put(line, e);
}
}
} // end of while read lines
} finally {
reader.close();
}
} catch (Throwable t) {
logger.error("Exception when load extension class(interface: " +
type + ", class file: " + url + ") in " + url, t);
}
} // end of while urls
}
} catch (Throwable t) {
logger.error("Exception when load extension class(interface: " +
type + ", description file: " + fileName + ").", t);
}
}
这段代码很长,主要就是加载制定文件下一类全名为文件名的文件,然后读取文件内容,将对应的键值对添加到classes中,最后返回。
ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(ExtensionFactory.class).getDefaultExtension()具体过程如下:
-
getExtensionLoader,获取ExtensionLoader实例
-
getDefaultExtension,调用默认getDefaultExtension
-
getExtensionClasses,获取所有扩展类
-
loadExtensionClasses,利用loadFile装置所有扩展类
-
loadFile,读取文件,加载配置文件中的扩展类,根据键值对装置到classes
以上就是ExtensionLoader具体加载一个类的过程,还有一种自适应的方式动态创建类的过程,下回分解