Java实现(04)——建造者模式(Builder Pattern)

建造者模式一步一步地通过简单的对象创建复杂的对象。

本例介绍快餐店中的快餐，快餐有汉堡和饮料，汉堡分为蔬菜汉堡和肌肉汉堡，饮料分为百事和可口可乐。汉堡需要盒子来装，可乐需要瓶子。通过创建一个Meal类来表示点的快餐。

public interface Item {
    public String name();
    public Packing packing();
    public float price();
}

public interface Packing {
    public String pack();
}

public class Wrapper implements Packing {

    @Override
    public String pack() {
        return "Wrapper";
    }
}

public class Bottle implements Packing {

    @Override
    public String pack() {
        return "Bottle";
    }
}
public abstract class Burger implements  Item {

    @Override
    public Packing packing() {
        return new Wrapper();
    }

    @Override
    public abstract float price();
}
public abstract class ColdDrink implements Item {

    @Override
    public Packing packing() {
        return new Bottle();
    }

    @Override
    public abstract float price();
}
public class ChickenBurger extends Burger {

    @Override
    public String name() {
        return "Chicken Burger";
    }

    @Override
    public float price() {
        return 50.5f;
    }
}
public class VegBurger extends Burger {
    @Override
    public String name() {
        return "Veg Burger";
    }

    @Override
    public float price() {
        return 25.0f;
    }
}
public class Coke extends ColdDrink {
    @Override
    public String name() {
        return "Coke";
    }

    @Override
    public float price() {
        return 30.0f;
    }
}
public class Pepsi extends ColdDrink {

    @Override
    public String name() {
        return "Pepsi";
    }

    @Override
    public float price() {
        return 35.0f;
    }
}
public class Meal {
    private List<Item> items = new ArrayList<Item>();
    public void addItem(Item item) {
        items.add(item);
    }
    public float getCost() {
        float cost = 0;
        for (Item item : items) {
            cost += item.price();
        }
        return cost;
    }
    public void showItems() {
        for (Item item : items) {
            System.out.print("Item: " + item.name());
            System.out.print(",Packing: " +item.packing().pack());
            System.out.println(",Price: " + item.price());
        }
    }
}
public class MealBuilder {
    public Meal prepareVegMeal() {
        Meal meal = new Meal();
        meal.addItem(new VegBurger());
        meal.addItem(new Coke());
        return meal;
    }

    public Meal prepareNonVegMeal() {
        Meal meal = new Meal();
        meal.addItem(new ChickenBurger());
        meal.addItem(new Pepsi());
        return meal;
    }
}
public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MealBuilder mealBuilder = new MealBuilder();
        Meal vegMeal = mealBuilder.prepareVegMeal();
        System.out.println("Veg Meal");
        vegMeal.showItems();
        System.out.println("Total Cost: " + vegMeal.getCost());

        Meal nonVegmeal = mealBuilder.prepareNonVegMeal();
        System.out.println("\n\nNon-Veg Meal");
        nonVegmeal.showItems();
        System.out.println("Total Cost: " + nonVegmeal.getCost());
    }
}
输出：

Veg Meal
Item: Veg Burger,Packing: Wrapper,Price: 25.0
Item: Coke,Packing: Bottle,Price: 30.0
Total Cost: 55.0


Non-Veg Meal
Item: Chicken Burger,Packing: Wrapper,Price: 50.5
Item: Pepsi,Packing: Bottle,Price: 35.0
Total Cost: 85.5