最近在做微信相关的项目,其中MySQL 要存储emoji表情,因此发现我们常用的utf8 字符集根本无法存储表情。网上有不少替代方案。本人还是采用了修改MySQL字符集的方案简单快捷。
首先将我们数据库默认字符集由utf8 更改为utf8mb4,对应的表默认字符集也更改为utf8mb4 已经存储表情的字段默认字符集也做了相应的调整。
SQL 语句如:
- # 修改数据库:
- ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
- # 修改表:
- ALTER TABLE table_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
- # 修改表字段:
- ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE column_name column_name VARCHAR(191) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
其次修改MySQL配置文件
新增如下参数:
- [client]
- default-character-set = utf8mb4
-
- [mysql]
- default-character-set = utf8mb4
-
- [mysqld]
- character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
- character-set-server = utf8mb4
- collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
- init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
最后检查环境变量 和测试 SQL 如下:
- mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
- +
- | Variable_name | Value |
- +
- | character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
- | character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
- | character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
- | character_set_filesystem | binary |
- | character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
- | character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
- | character_set_system | utf8 |
- | collation_connection | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
- | collation_database | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
- | collation_server | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
- +
- rows in set (0.00 sec)
说明:MySQL版本必须为5.5.3以上版本,否则不支持字符集utf8mb4