excel导出在C#代码中应用己经很广泛了,我这里就做些总结,供自己和读者学习用。
Excel知识点。
一、添加引用和命名空间
添加Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel引用,它的默认路径是C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Visual Studio Tools for Office\PIA\Office12\Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll
代码中添加引用using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
二、Excel类的简单介绍
此命名空间下关于Excel类的结构分别为:
ApplicationClass - 就是我们的excel应用程序。
Workbook - 就是我们平常见的一个个excel文件,经常是使用Workbooks类对其进行操作。
Worksheet - 就是excel文件中的一个个sheet页。
Worksheet.Cells[row, column] - 就是某行某列的单元格,注意这里的下标row和column都是从1开始的,跟我平常用的数组或集合的下标有所不同。
知道了上述基本知识后,利用此类来操作excel就清晰了很多。
三、Excel的操作
任何操作Excel的动作首先肯定是用excel应用程序,首先要new一个ApplicationClass 实例,并在最后将此实例释放。
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ApplicationClass xlsApp =
new
ApplicationClass();
// 1. 创建Excel应用程序对象的一个实例,相当于我们从开始菜单打开Excel应用程序。
if
(xlsApp ==
null
)
{
//对此实例进行验证,如果为null则表示运行此代码的机器可能未安装Excel
}
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1. 打开现有的Excel文件
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Workbook workbook = xlsApp.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
Worksheet mySheet = workbook.Sheets[1]
as
Worksheet;
//第一个sheet页
mySheet.Name =
"testsheet"
;
//这里修改sheet名称
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2.复制sheet页
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mySheet.Copy(Type.Missing, workbook.Sheets[1]);
//复制mySheet成一个新的sheet页,复制完后的名称是mySheet页名称后加一个(2),这里就是testsheet(2),复制完后,Worksheet的数量增加一个
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注意 这里Copy方法的两个参数,指是的复制出来新的sheet页是在指定sheet页的前面还是后面,上面的例子就是指复制的sheet页在第一个sheet页的后面。
3.删除sheet页
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xlsApp.DisplayAlerts =
false
;
//如果想删除某个sheet页,首先要将此项设为fasle。
(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1]
as
Worksheet).Delete();
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4.选中sheet页
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(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1]
as
Worksheet).Select(Type.Missing);
//选中某个sheet页
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5.另存excel文件
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workbook.Saved =
true
;
workbook.SaveCopyAs(filepath);
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6.释放excel资源
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workbook.Close(
true
, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
workbook =
null
;
xlsApp.Quit();
xlsApp =
null
;
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一般的我们传入一个DataTable生成Excel代码
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/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dt"></param>
protected
void
ExportExcel(DataTable dt)
{
if
(dt ==
null
||dt.Rows.Count==0)
return
;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp =
new
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
if
(xlApp ==
null
)
{
return
;
}
System.Globalization.CultureInfo CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture =
new
System.Globalization.CultureInfo(
"en-US"
);
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;
long
totalCount = dt.Rows.Count;
long
rowRead = 0;
float
percent = 0;
for
(
int
i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];
range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;
range.Font.Bold =
true
;
}
for
(
int
r = 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)
{
for
(
int
i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();
}
rowRead++;
percent = ((
float
)(100 * rowRead)) / totalCount;
}
xlApp.Visible =
true
;
}
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如果要在excel中插入图片,我们需要把代码加入一行即可,如下所示
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protected
void
ExportExcel(DataTable dt)
{
if
(dt ==
null
|| dt.Rows.Count == 0)
return
;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp =
new
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
if
(xlApp ==
null
)
{
return
;
}
System.Globalization.CultureInfo CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture =
new
System.Globalization.CultureInfo(
"en-US"
);
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;
long
totalCount = dt.Rows.Count;
long
rowRead = 0;
float
percent = 0;
for
(
int
i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;
range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];
range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;
}
for
(
int
r = 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)
{
for
(
int
i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
try
{
worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();
}
catch
{
worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString().Replace(
"="
,
""
);
}
}
rowRead++;
percent = ((
float
)(100 * rowRead)) / totalCount;
}
worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture(
"C:\\Users\\spring\\Desktop\\1.gif"
, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);
worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1,
"123456"
,
"Red"
, 15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);
xlApp.Visible =
true
;
}
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我们调用如下:
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public
void
GenerateExcel()
{
DataTable dt =
new
DataTable();
dt.Columns.Add(
"Name"
,
typeof
(
string
));
dt.Columns.Add(
"Age"
,
typeof
(
string
));
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
dr[
"Name"
] =
"spring"
;
dr[
"Age"
] =
"20"
;
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
dt.AcceptChanges();
ExportExcel(dt);
}
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运行结果如下所示: