tcp_server

//server.c

//version1server和clien
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
void Usage(char* proc)
{
    printf("Uasge:%s[local_ip][local_port]\n",proc);
    exit(2);
}
int startup(char* ip,int port)
{
    int sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
    if(sock<0)
    {
        perror("socket\n");
        exit(3);
    }
    struct sockaddr_in server;
    server.sin_family=AF_INET;
    server.sin_port=htons(port);
    server.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(ip);
    if(bind(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&server,sizeof(server))<0)
      {
        perror("bind\n");
        exit(4);
      }
    if(listen(sock,10)<0)
    {
        perror("listen\n");
        exit(5);
    }
    return sock;
}
int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
    if(argc!=3)
    {
        Usage(argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }
    int listen_sock=startup(argv[1],atoi(argv[2]));
    printf("fd:%d\n",listen_sock);
    while(1)
    {
        struct sockaddr_in client;
       socklen_t len=sizeof(client);
        int newsock=accept(listen_sock,(struct sockaddr*)&client,&len);
        if(newsock<0)
        {
            perror("accept\n");
             continue;
        }
        printf("get a new client :%s  %d\n",inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr),ntohs(client.sin_port));
        char buf[1024];
        while(1)
        {
            ssize_t s=read(newsock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
            if(s<0)
            {
                perror("read\n");
                exit(6);
            }
            if(s==0)
            {
                printf("client quit\n");
                exit(7);
            }
            else
            {
                buf[s]=0;
                printf("client say:%s\n",buf);
                write(newsock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1) ;
            }
  
        }
        close(newsock);
    } close(listen_sock);
    return 0;
}
//多进程版本
#include<stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>         
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int startup(char*ip, int port)
{
        int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
        if (sock<0)
    {
                perror("socket");
                exit(2);         
    }
        struct sockaddr_in server;
        server.sin_family = AF_INET;
        server.sin_port = htons(port);
        server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
   if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&server, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))<0)
    {
                perror("bind");
                exit(3);        
    }
        if (listen(sock, 10)<0)
    {
                perror("listen");
                exit(4);        
    }
        return sock;
}
void usage(const char*proc)
{
        printf("%s [local_ip] [local_port]\n", proc);
        exit(5);
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
            if(argc!=3)
    {
                   usage(argv[0]);               
    }
        int listen_sock = startup(argv[1], atoi(argv[2]));
        printf("fd:%d\n", listen_sock);
        while (1)
    {
                struct sockaddr_in client;
                socklen_t len = sizeof(client);
 int newsock = accept(listen_sock, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &len);
                if (newsock<0)
        {
                        perror("accept");
                        continue;                  
        }
 printf("get a client:[%s:%d]\n", inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr), ntohs(client.sin_port));
                pid_t id = fork();
     if (id == 0)
        {
         close(listen_sock);
       if (fork() == 0)
            {
                char buf[1024];
             while (1)
                {
        ssize_t ret = read(newsock, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
       if (ret>0)
          {
                 buf[ret] = 0;
                 printf("client say:%s\n", buf);
          write(newsock, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);                 
                    }
         else if (ret == 0)
                    {
           printf("client quit!\n");
               close(newsock);
                    exit(7);                                  
                    }
                else
                    {
                      perror("read");
               exit(8);                      
                    }                
                }              
            }
                  else
            {
                   exit(9);           
            }           
        }
        else if (id>0)
        {
                        close(newsock);
                while((waitpid(-1,NULL,WNOHANG)>0));
                   continue;
        }
                else
                {
                  perror("fork");
                  exit(9);            
                }           
    }
        close(listen_sock);
            return 0;
}
//多线程版本
#include<stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>         
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
void usage(char* proc)
{
   printf("usage:%s [local_ip][local_port]\n",proc);
    exit(2);
}
int startup(char* ip,int port)
{
    int sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
    if(sock<0)
    {
        perror("socket\n");
        exit(3);
    }
    struct sockaddr_in server;
    server.sin_family=AF_INET;
    server.sin_port=htons(port);
    server.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(ip);
    if(bind(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&server,sizeof(server))<0)
    {
        perror("bind\n");
        exit(4);
    }
    if(listen(sock,10)<0)
    {
        perror("listen\n");
        exit(5);
    }
    return sock;
}
void* thread_handler(void* arg)
{
    int newsock=*((int*)arg);
    char buf[1024];
    while(1)
    {
        ssize_t ret=read(newsock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
        if(ret<0)
        {
            perror("read\n");
            exit(8);
        }
       else if(ret==0)
        {
            printf("client quit\n");
           exit(9);    
        }
        else{
            buf[ret]=0;
            printf("client say:%s\n",buf);
            write(newsock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);            
        }


    }
}
int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
    if(argc!=3)
    {
        usage(argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }
    int listen_sock=startup(argv[1],atoi(argv[2]));
    printf("fd:%d\n",listen_sock);
  while(1)
    {
        struct sockaddr_in client;
        socklen_t len=sizeof(client);
        int newsock=accept(listen_sock,(struct sockaddr*)&client,&len);
        if(newsock<0)
        {
            perror("accept\n");
             exit(6);
        }
        printf("get a new client:[%s:%d]\n",inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr),ntohs(client.sin_port));
        pthread_t tid;
        int ret=pthread_create(&tid,NULL,thread_handler,&newsock);
        if(ret<0)
        {
            perror("pthread_create\n");
            exit(7);
        }


pthread_detach(tid); 
    }
    close(listen_sock);
return 0;
}

//client

#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void Usage(char* proc)
{
    printf("Usage:%s[local_ip][local_port]\n",proc);
    exit(2);
}
int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
    if(argc!=3)
    {
         Usage(argv[0]);
        exit(1);}
  int  sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
    struct sockaddr_in server_sock;
    server_sock.sin_family=AF_INET;
    server_sock.sin_port=htons(atoi(argv[2]));
    server_sock.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(argv[1]);
    if(connect(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&server_sock,sizeof(server_sock))<0)
    {
          perror("connect\n");
        exit(3);
    }
    while(1)
    {
        printf("please enter:");
        fflush(stdout);
        char buf[1024];
        ssize_t ret=read(0,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
        if(ret>0)
        {
             buf[ret-1]=0;
            write(sock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
            read(sock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
            printf("server say:%s\n",buf);
        }
    }
    close(sock);
    return 0;
}

 server bind 失败的原因及解决方法？

client终⽌时⾃动关闭socket描述符,server的TCP连接收到client发的FIN段后处于TIME_WAIT状 态。TCP协议规定,主动关闭连接的一⽅要处于TIME_WAIT状态,等待两个MSL(maximum segment lifetime)的时间后才能回到CLOSED状态,因为我们先Ctrl-C终⽌了server,所以server是主动关闭连接的⼀⽅,在TIME_WAIT期间仍然不能再次监听同样的server端 ⼜口。MSL在RFC1122中规定为两分钟,但是各操作系统的实现不同,在Linux上一般经过半分钟后 就可以再次启动server了。解决这个问题的⽅法是使用setsockopt()设置socket描述符的 选项SO_REUSEADDR为1,表示允许创建端⼜口号相同但IP地址不同的多个socket描述符。即将其设置为非阻塞就可以。