Objective-C和Core Foundation 对象相互转换的内存管理总结-CSDN博客

iOS允许Objective-C和Core Foundation对象之间可以轻松的转换,拿NSString和CFStringRef来说,直接转换毫无压力:  

 01. CFStringRef aCFString = (CFStringRef)aNSString;
 02. NSString *aNSString = (NSString *)aCFString;   

针对内存管理问题,ARC可以帮忙管理Objective-C对象,但是不支持Core Foundation对象的管理,所以转换后要注意一个问题:谁来释放使用后的对象。本文重点总结一下类型转换后的内存管理。  

一、非ARC的内存管理  倘若不使用ARC,手动管理内存,思路比较清晰,使用完,release转换后的对象即可。  

 01. //NSString转CFStringRef
 02. CFStringRef aCFString = (CFStringRef) [[NSString alloc]initWithFormat:@"%@", string];

CFRelease(aCFString); //CFStringRef转NSString

 04. CFStringRef aCFString =CFStringCreateWithCString(kCFAllocatorDefault, bytes, NSUTF8StringEncoding); 

05. NSString *aNSString = (NSString *)aCFString;
06. [aNSString release];

  二、ARC下的内存管理 ARC的诞生大大简化了我们针对内存管理的开发工作,但是只支持管理Objective-C对象,不支持CoreFoundation对象。Core Foundation对象必须使用CFRetain和CFRelease来进行内存管理。那么当使用Objective-C和CoreFoundation对象相互转换的时候,必须让编译器知道,到底由谁来负责释放对象,是否交给ARC处理。只有正确的处理,才能避免内存泄漏和double free导致程序崩溃。  根据不同需求,有3种转换方式 •__bridge(不改变对象所有权) 

•__bridge_retained或者CFBridgingRetain()(解除ARC所有权)

 •__bridge_transfer或者CFBridgingRelease()(给予ARC所有权)

   1. __bridge_retained或者CFBridgingRetain()

 __bridge_retained或者CFBridgingRetain()将Objective-C对象转换为Core Foundation对象,把对象所有权桥接给Core Foundation对象,同时剥夺ARC的管理权,后续需要开发者使用CFRelease或者相关方法手动来释放对象。

  例子:  

 01. - (void)viewDidLoad
 02.{ 
03. [super viewDidLoad];
 04.
 05. NSString *aNSString = [[NSStringalloc]initWithFormat:@"test"];  
06. CFStringRef aCFString = (__bridge_retained CFStringRef)aNSString; 
07.
 08. (void)aCFString; 
09.

 10. //正确的做法应该执行CFRelease

 11. //CFRelease(aCFString); .}  

程序没有执行CFRelease,造成内存泄漏:

CFBridgingRetain()是__bridge_retained的宏方法,下面两行代码等价:  
01. CFStringRef aCFString = (__bridge_retained CFStringRef)aNSString;

 02. CFStringRef aCFString = (CFStringRef)CFBridgingRetain(aNSString);

   2. __bridge_transfer 或者CFBridgingRelease()  __bridge_transfer或者CFBridgingRelease()将非Objective-C对象转换为Objective-C对象,同时将对象的管理权交给ARC,开发者无需手动管理内存。  接着上面那个内存泄漏的例子,再转成OC对象交给ARC来管理内存,无需手动管理,也不会出现内存泄漏:  

 01. - (void)viewDidLoad 

02. {

03.
04.
05. NSString *aNSString = [[NSStringalloc]initWithFormat:@"test"];  
06. CFStringRef aCFString = (__bridge_retained CFStringRef)aNSString; 

07. aNSString = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)aCFString; 

08. }  

CFBridgingRelease()是__bridge_transfer的宏方法,下面两行代码等价:  

 01. aNSString = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)aCFString;
 02. aNSString = (NSString *)CFBridgingRelease(aCFString);   
3. __bridge  __bridge只做类型转换,不改变对象所有权,是我们最常用的转换符。

  从OC转CF,ARC管理内存:

 01. - (void)viewDidLoad

 02.{ 

[super viewDidLoad]; 

NSString *aNSString = [[NSStringalloc]initWithFormat:@"test"];

  从CF转OC,需要开发者手动释放,不归ARC管:

   01. - (void)viewDidLoad 

CFStringRef aCFString = (__bridge CFStringRef)aNSString; 

(void)aCFString;}

02.
 03. [super viewDidLoad];

 04.
 05. CFStringRef aCFString = CFStringCreateWithCString(NULL,"test", kCFStringEncodingASCII);

 06. NSString *aNSString = (__bridge NSString *)aCFString;