工程中,需要从字符串中匹配出以:开头,并以:结束的字符串。
Google还是百度,很多C++的正则表达式都是通过st::tr1或boost库中使用的,但是我们仅仅用一个小小的功能,就用一个库不是很好的办法。
对的,之前我的博客已经介绍了C++11的新特性-正则表达式。
所以可以不使用其他的库,来完成任务:
std::vector<string> all_sub_string = {};
std::string all_string = "12:wo:sfd:wom::sdf";
std::regex e(":[a-z0-9_+-]+:");//正则规则
const std::sregex_token_iterator end;
for (std::sregex_token_iterator i(all_string .begin(), all_string .end(), e); i != end; ++i)
{
all_sub_string .push_back(*i);
}
你可能会迷惑,什么是sregex_token_iterator?
不要着急,sregex_token_iterator其实就是字符串 regex_token_iterator 的类型定义。
typedef regex_token_iterator<string::const_iterator> sregex_token_iterator;
上面的方法很简单,就像使用迭代器一样。
其实regex还有其他的查找方法,现在介绍一下regex_search:
Returns whether some sub-sequence in the target sequence (the subject) matches the regular expression rgx (the pattern). The target sequence is either s or the character sequence between first and last, depending on the version used.
直接上代码:
// regex_search example
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <regex>
int main ()
{
std::string s ("this subject has a submarine as a subsequence");
std::smatch m;
std::regex e ("\\b(sub)([^ ]*)"); // matches words beginning by "sub"
std::cout << "Target sequence: " << s << std::endl;
std::cout << "Regular expression: /\\b(sub)([^ ]*)/" << std::endl;
std::cout << "The following matches and submatches were found:" << std::endl;
while (std::regex_search (s,m,e)) {
for (auto x:m) std::cout << x << " ";
std::cout << std::endl;
s = m.suffix().str();
}
return 0;
}
输出:
Target sequence: this subject has a submarine as subsequence
Regular expression: /\b(sub)([^ ]*)/
The following matches and submatches were found:
subject sub ject
submarine sub marine
subsequence sub sequence