Oracle 11g R2 for CentOS 6.4

内存 1G 硬盘 40G 
一、更改主机名，并修改 hosts 文件以解析主机名
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=oracleDB
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
[root@oracleDB ~]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@oracleDB ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.80 oracleDB
二、安装依赖包、安装桌面支持
[root@oracleDB ~]# yum -y groupinstall "X Window System"
[root@oracleDB ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Desktop"
[root@oracleDB ~]# vim /etc/inittab
id:5:initdefault:            ## 改为级别 5 重启服务器验证桌面支持是否正常
[root@oracleDB ~]# yum -y install  gcc gcc-c++ binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc.i686 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
三、创建用户、组并设置用户密码
[root@oracleDB ~]# groupadd -g 200 oinstall
[root@oracleDB ~]# groupadd -g 201 dba
[root@oracleDB ~]# useradd -u 440 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@oracleDB ~]# passwd oracle     # 123456
四、修改内核参数
[root@oracleDB ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
## 2014.06.17
#  oracle
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
[root@oracleDB ~]# sysctl -p       ## 使配置生效，结果没有报错信息就正常
五、修改系统资源限制
[root@oracleDB ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
## 2014.06.17
#  oracle
oracle   soft  nproc  2047
oracle   hard  nproc  16384
oracle   soft  nofile 4096
oracle   hard  nofile 65536
[root@oracleDB ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
# 2014.06.17
# oracle
session    required     pam_limits.so
六、创建安装目录及权限设置
[root@oracleDB ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/oracle/app
[root@oracleDB ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/oracle/oradata
[root@oracleDB ~]# chmod  -R 755 /usr/local/oracle/
[root@oracleDB ~]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /usr/local/oracle/
七、设置 oracle 环境变量
[root@oracleDB tmp]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracleDB ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/oracle/app
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_SID=orc1
export LANG=en_us           ## 因为我装了中文支持，所以要修改一下字符集 不然安装界面乱码
[oracle@oracleDB ~]$ source .bash_profile
八、安装 ORACLE
下载地址：
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html
[root@oracleDB src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[root@oracleDB src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
[root@oracleDB src]# xhost +     ##  使所有用户都能访问图形桌面
[root@oracleDB src]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracleDB ~]$ /usr/local/src/database/runInstaller
设置 oracle 支持（跳过 对勾去掉 直接下一步 ）

选择第一项，安装并创建数据库

选择服务器版本

选择单实例数据库

高级模式安装

添加语言支持

选择要安装的版本

安装数据库目录



数据库及服务名

开启自动内存管理

设置编码为 uft-8

开启 oracle 企业管理控制台 OEM

选择数据库文件目录

自动备份设置

设置数据库密码 

授权组

检查依赖包 勾选 lgnore all 忽略所有

开始安装

安装完成会提示已 root 用户执行两个脚本文件

[root@oracleDB ~]# /usr/local/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /usr/local/oracle/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /usr/local/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@oracleDB ~]# /usr/local/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /usr/local/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:  # 直接回车
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.
九、oracle 操作指令
[root@oracleDB ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracleDB ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba  # 登陆数据库
SQL> startup     # 启动数据库实例
SQL> shutdown immediate    # 关闭数据库实例
SQL> select * from tab;    # 查看所有表
SQL> select name from v$datafile;   # 查看数据库存放目录
SQL> show parameter service   # 查看服务名
SQL> select * from v$instance;  # 查看实例名
SQL> select name from v$database;  # 查看数据库名
SQL> select * from dba_users;   # 查看所有用户信息
SQL> select username,password from dba_users;   # 只查看用户名、密码
SQL> select * from v$pwfile_users;  # 查看具有 sysdba 权限用户
SQL> select * from dba_ustats;  # 查看当前用户信息
SQL> select * from user_role_privs;  # 查看当前用户角色
SQL> select * from dba_sys_privs;  # 查看指定用户所具有的系统权限
SQL> select * from v$version;  # 查看 oracle 版本
SQL> select * from user_views;  # 查看视图信息
SQL> quit  # 退出登陆
[oracle@oracleDB ~]$ lsnrctl start|stop  # 开启|关闭远程监听端口
[oracle@oracleDB ~]$ cd /usr/local/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
[oracle@oracleDB admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora   # 远程连接信息
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /usr/local/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracleDB)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )

  )

## 先这样吧  这东西我也刚搞！