HttpWebRequest简单实用封装应用类

  很多时候我们要用HttpWebRequest组件模拟http协议发送web请求，封装一个请求类看起来就很有必要了。要很好的封装一个这样的类，要考虑很多因素，比如通用性和异常处理，甚至还可以是继承性。当然，我下面要说的是一个静态类，继承什么的就算了，简单封装一下能用就行，呵呵，太懒了。

  1 using System;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using System.Text;
  4 using System.Net;
  5 using System.IO;
  6 
  7 namespace Uu102
  8 {
  9     /// <summary>
 10     ///http协议模拟请求类
 11     ///主要考虑请求后的具体结果
 12     ///此类出自 uu102.com，请尊重原作者，转载请加上此链接
 13     /// </summary>
 14     class HttpHelper
 15     {
 16         /// <summary>
 17         /// 请求并发限制数目
 18         /// </summary>
 19        private static int DefaultConnectionLimit=1;
 20        private const string Accept = "*/*";
 21        private const string UserAgent = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; .NET CLR 3.5.21022)";
 22        private const string ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
 23        
 24         /// <summary>
 25         /// 发送资源请求。返回请求到的响应文本
 26         /// 之所以看到这么多形参，只是本人的水平很菜的体现^.^ 
 27         /// 注意，这个类并没有处理https加密请求
 28         /// </summary>
 29         /// <param name="url">发送请求的url地址</param>
 30         /// <param name="postString"></param>
 31         /// <param name="IsPost"></param>
 32         /// <param name="cookieContainer"></param>
 33         /// <param name="referer"></param>
 34         /// <param name="encoding"></param>
 35         /// <returns></returns>
 36         public static string GetHtml(string url, string postString, bool IsPost, CookieContainer cookieContainer, string referer, Encoding encoding)
 37         {
 38             string html = string.Empty;
 39             ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;
 40             ServicePointManager.DefaultConnectionLimit = DefaultConnectionLimit;//设置并发连接数限制上额
 41             DefaultConnectionLimit++;
 42             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(postString)) IsPost = false;
 43             HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = null;
 44            
 45             HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = null;
 46             try
 47             {
 48                 httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);//创建连接请求
 49                 httpWebRequest.Method = IsPost ? "POST" : "GET";
 50                 if (cookieContainer != null) httpWebRequest.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
 51                 httpWebRequest.AllowAutoRedirect = true;//【注意】这里有个时候在特殊情况下要设置为否，否则会造成cookie丢失
 52                 httpWebRequest.ContentType = ContentType;
 53                 httpWebRequest.Accept = Accept;
 54                 httpWebRequest.UserAgent = UserAgent;
 55                 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(referer)) httpWebRequest.Referer = referer;
 56                 if (IsPost)  //如果是Post递交数据，则写入传的字符串数据
 57                 {
 58                     byte[] byteRequest = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(postString);
 59                     httpWebRequest.ContentLength = byteRequest.Length;
 60                     Stream stream = httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream();
 61                     stream.Write(byteRequest, 0, byteRequest.Length);
 62                     stream.Close();
 63                 }
 64 
 65                 httpWebResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();//开始获取响应流
 66                 Stream responseStream = httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream();
 67                 StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream, encoding);
 68                 html = streamReader.ReadToEnd();//注意这里是直接将所有的字节从头读到尾，也可以一行一行的控制，节省时间
 69                 streamReader.Close();
 70                 responseStream.Close();
 71                 httpWebRequest.Abort();
 72 
 73                 foreach (Cookie cookie in httpWebResponse.Cookies) //获取cookie
 74                 {
 75                     cookieContainer.Add(cookie);
 76                 }
 77 
 78                 httpWebResponse.Close();
 79                 //到这里为止，所有的对象都要释放掉，以免内存像滚雪球一样
 80                 return html;
 81             }
 82             catch 
 83             {
 84                 DefaultConnectionLimit--;
 85                //我这里就没做任何处理了，这里最好还是处理一下
 86                 return null;
 87             }
 88             
 89         }
 90         #region 重载方法
 91         public static string GetHtml(string url, string postString, CookieContainer cookieContainer, string referer)
 92         {
 93             return GetHtml(url, postString, true, cookieContainer, referer, Encoding.UTF8);
 94         }
 95         public static string GetHtml(string url, string postString, CookieContainer cookieContainer)
 96         {
 97             return GetHtml(url, postString, true, cookieContainer, url, Encoding.UTF8);
 98         }
 99         public static string GetHtml(string url, CookieContainer cookieContainer, string referer)
100         {
101             return GetHtml(url, "", false, cookieContainer, referer, Encoding.UTF8);
102         }
103         public static string GetHtml(string url, CookieContainer cookieContainer)
104         {
105             return GetHtml(url, "", false, cookieContainer, url, Encoding.UTF8);
106         }
107         public static string GetHtml(string url)
108         {
109             return GetHtml(url, "", true, null, url, Encoding.UTF8);
110         }
111         #endregion
112         /// <summary>
113         /// 这个方法主要用来获取非文本的html响应正文
114         /// </summary>
115         /// <param name="url"></param>
116         /// <param name="cookieContainer"></param>
117         /// <returns></returns>
118         public static Stream GetStream(string url,CookieContainer cookieContainer)
119         {
120             HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = null;
121             HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = null;
122 
123             try
124             {
125 
126                 httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
127                 httpWebRequest.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
128                 httpWebResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
129                 Stream responseStream = httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream();
130                 return responseStream;
131             }
132             catch
133             {
134                 if (httpWebRequest != null)
135                 {
136                     httpWebRequest.Abort();
137                 } if (httpWebResponse != null)
138                 {
139                     httpWebResponse.Close();
140                 }
141                 return null;
142             }
143         }
144 
145     }
146 }

 

代码太简单解释都免了吧？要强调的一点，上面的封装类还没有处理https这样的加密连接，以及返回的status和异常，如果是自己调试，最好是将try这个功能注释掉，免得看了半天都不知道哪出了问题。
以上的功能虽然能适合绝大部分请求，但是仍有一些请客不适合，比如当模拟上传文件等等的情况就不适用。