用Grads画等值线（四）------底图生成

       上文中生成的等值线村子一条曲线，通过放大gs中坐标范围可以发现，这是默认的世界底图的一部分。可以通过在gs文件中添加'set map draw off' 使底图不显示。但我要绘制的是营口地区的降雨量等值线图，所以需要营口市底图。而Grads中并没有市级底图，所以需要

自己动手绘制。

       一种方式是通过Grads命令画线生成边界，需要准备边界数据文件。我的是通过在surfer中有shapefile底图得来，数据如下，供598个点：

              122.1484365922394 40.67733202482134 122.1494131099042 40.68670839436875 122.150389654046 40.69282336404778 122.1510228813098 40.69700427901687 122.1517934421861 40.6993846545587 122.153609227462 40.70193287853143 122.1564320885739 40.70527456210866 122.1600407829933 40.70586966094808 122.1636876284704 40.70490454647672 122.1685475476304 40.70300101692556 122.1748570514853 40.70005607567083 122.1817769103278 40.69535255740914 122.1868886037599 40.69166756212384 122.1924733195539 40.68765068840627 122.1999119713601 40.68474389584733 122.2094563311616 40.68201639738401 122.2187718048967 40.68105129119626 122.2273319686202 40.68066220400877 122.2383869387698 40.68040282035855 122.2472522764817 40.68044479502938 122.2548969064547 40.68315705973996 122.2624118360815 40.68620501809786 122.2658068943193 40.6918507829075 122.2670275809733 40.69701589201642 122.2658221294479 40.70062841362078 122.263189984047 40.70427908016785 122.2593905475225 40.70652593445063 122.2539507969825 40.70789921944053 122.2478930690888 40.70841801014628 122.2378909599334 40.70618257981283 122.2265308251194 40.70256241046526 122.2163303520324 40.70035368278939 122.2082203235379 40.7000484947703 122.2017582338352 40.70234112163215 122.1993702257495 40.70705609058399 122.1975010118056 40.71311383561682 122.1967533156563 40.71948438790398 122.1975009744376 40.72706420310796 122.1980579033113 40.73294266067219 122.1919620136219 40.73904236132141 122.187826883531 40.74165542661799 122.1813190148045 40.74500091137824 122.171232963126 40.75002867481836 122.1631381885357 40.75157361764499 122.1550434145737 40.75288586361815 122.1405018002383 40.76006511294253 122.1346576820154 40.765462908743 122.1287830493643 40.76970866430512 122.119047944343 40.77655985621635 122.1116092921311 40.77969171635991 122.1017979000954 40.78401757502398 122.0971821163487 40.78772545936413 122.0951297994942 40.79302026372263 122.0951069021812 40.79646875491517 122.0963733694218 40.8000583919698 122.1023929414616 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40.0772647460896 122.7052989522361 40.0741404998897 122.6932369104397 40.07147019016596 122.6812282711565 40.06994429117206 122.6689068272845 40.06842602112776 122.6586529479322 40.06593500518509 122.6466443092665 40.06417640941431 122.6373288399033 40.06303579945576 122.6252591693082 40.06013279299651 122.608817857676 40.05962541290139 122.5979917729163 40.0578324866603 122.585670329647 40.05607770521215 122.5709685197942 40.0543763260461 122.5634688422632 40.0534150098897 122.5574874088916 40.05333107749181 122.5506514830851 40.05395667840861 122.5435485271064 40.05528036941423 122.5406035839132 40.05626837285445 122.5306777653885 40.054673812555 122.5267181226947 40.05270923506858 122.5241699202827 40.04887164096744 122.5227890148712 40.04432069932271 122.5214004803334 40.03967439011921 122.5259781205369 40.03507005154581 122.5294800301663 40.02604447167658 122.5323944583288 40.02414093969752 122.5340500418737 40.02111969813583 122.5322342518797 40.02024612865214 122.5270920539995 40.01876601657562 122.5198975503772 40.01825483576402 122.5186997389367 40.01782377264448 122.5172501734065 40.01167065606455 122.5123444906335 40.00857692538431 122.5092545990818 40.00590281464056 122.4981309795653 39.99995186287421 122.5161439536787 39.9967208370865 122.5257722376667 39.99418788929487 122.5349580071786 39.9955306781275 122.5422898752175 39.98288495182899 122.5369874908751 39.97008661860723 122.5441438440797 39.97192913037674 122.5462342941233 39.97192913350125 122.5483323896029 39.96598583088944 122.5456621215316 39.96049265599414 122.5435945682834 39.95728448851112 122.5456926643779 39.95111230379617 122.5466997468519 39.94950250105503 122.5363390686091 39.94228506938484 122.5301211269261 39.94123601705014 122.5241473216833 39.941564072506 122.5170138520221 39.94140765908261 122.5102237087425 39.93965670074191 122.5011981677723 39.93396896661913 122.4871982554846 39.93411771915641 122.4845279739467 39.93360273041503 122.477920926547 39.93528500416885 122.470367833053 39.93808879890941 122.4621738686414 39.94202174449837 122.4490513135828 39.95018900201061 122.437210501021 39.95586907574519 122.42269177637 39.96148811030631 122.4087223640275 39.96825537101878 122.3957981876594 39.97093327273834 122.3811726652306 39.97151308585647 122.3648839466591 39.96885421453343 122.3506093793446 39.96806455019625 122.3453222043486 39.97365689558042 122.33698327282 39.98100781412261 122.3270421844303 39.98352168815264 122.319908715493 39.98312494866632 122.3101583743461 39.98083611314029 122.2974630940317 39.97802084443108 122.2878348308048 39.97276035623577 122.2788626977895 39.96614564980099 122.2755820824067 39.95937836362763 122.2702414998892 39.96571076116139 122.2672202627011 39.96678268801141 122.2623298227881 39.96963607797428 122.2574088635499 39.97317611426117 122.2532203132502 39.98108017074203 122.2501685380416 39.98992646029991 122.2513434447751 39.99664415230517 122.2542197121445 39.9999591325797 122.2555777289536 40.00479236205503 122.2543646509639 40.00730243423156 122.2510382348824 40.00978961511179 122.2468039147853 40.01524844757017 122.2410513457908 40.02160373280628 122.2362677230748 40.02225222518008 122.2324377812406 40.01970399861993 122.2289206469728 40.01601517660371 122.2194602285378 40.01135741161389 122.2126395669352 40.00992688841514 122.2096793707293 40.00875577057786 122.2016380054035 40.0084582121217 122.1989524626376 40.00889308425101 122.1926887397139 40.00975519781127 122.1879051140009 40.01154428612458 122.1803749026911 40.01673989938956 122.1737449593698 40.02148537912971 122.1658943081531 40.02896599849064 122.1595848023951 40.03234200067531 122.1520851152552 40.03502372536625 122.1446235798291 40.0358705784237 122.1341942176278 40.03600407790815 122.1261146970969 40.03890323980392 122.117714742646 40.04179858654433 122.1102379466985 40.04332827128311 122.1042641396808 40.04441545275576 122.0970925195124 40.04572007052446 122.0907830138415 40.04909225806986 122.0847405334684 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122.0006187956015 40.13051313055001 122.0094688540525 40.13884063800608 122.0120628245211 40.14596650534654 122.0120628091456 40.1459665982982 122.0120628372255 40.14596667542882 122.0100944264331 40.15786472869102 122.0045707844818 40.14681734329023 122.0042579263704 40.16743580811414 121.9831932286298 40.17549622862394 121.9860541716322 40.18399904882046 122.0102850755279 40.18581869641832 122.0368429328895 40.19040400651496 122.0457387728046 40.19666394558753 122.0559239994707 40.19462309454143 122.0585179678486 40.20250045831391 122.0632634314748 40.20643342310994 122.0775303499936 40.21434513602046 122.0905613030674 40.22453040971075 122.0952686125321 40.23121377479313 122.1029437474327 40.2390644430518 122.1090777374945 40.25080229068975 122.109077750326 40.25080246104503 122.1101000387651 40.26432922633753 122.1120989173979 40.27144746363383 122.1120988881836 40.27144748429988 122.1120989302376 40.27144763404488 122.1012041565415 40.27915331691481 122.0989839979839 40.2892164203307 122.1007005643648 40.29449969299346 122.1023790042374 40.30345280166894 122.128028948517 40.31419122565666 122.1423645394603 40.31888333021762 122.147682200845 40.32488386463406 122.1587295306463 40.32908768257767 122.1668319196533 40.33346315787176 122.1685103689705 40.33878467003081 122.1813277097605 40.34483862120849 122.1833494775622 40.35149909439735 122.19648725344 40.35709146709824 122.1964872565321 40.35709163353607 122.1964872663893 40.35709163773122 122.1966703423891 40.36694485517171 122.2067334520884 40.37870177074193 122.2067334542122 40.37870192876825 122.2067334650537 40.37870194143225 122.2068936503494 40.39061907184139 122.1985013211255 40.414163261886 122.2107540250685 40.4199768561565 122.2206872120366 40.4170663324649 122.2126232504832 40.41449148764636 122.212623832066 40.41449150672941 122.2126232375029 40.41449131685954 122.2303310244883 40.41507117741979 122.2430415675839 40.41590661578159 122.2446437134597 40.42479105996237 122.2474207985331 40.42810985509119 122.2490839978539 40.43008968805847 122.2534784924927 40.44043135266066 122.2654337137153 40.44623734718334 122.2741235693805 40.44881609871778 122.2772516012575 40.45384769576744 122.2788537639699 40.45640736342838 122.2849725251197 40.45667440155582 122.287223180799 40.46081335696822 122.2872231203158 40.46081339261375 122.2872231938694 40.46081352787078 122.2729867738415 40.46920202386554 122.2767174605889 40.48526558411358 122.289351709886 40.48603235780356 122.2893516461921 40.48603252411862 122.2893517229648 40.4860325287743 122.2853233827339 40.49654965752187 122.2734596644668 40.50930981987414 122.269339771905 40.51976209860494 122.2585289243925 40.52639966510272 122.2470009099781 40.53502850527198 122.2421180917144 40.54095654580631 122.2330238552569 40.54731182688704 122.223273483078 40.5571003392791 122.2057411558237 40.56270792642745 122.20232316855 40.57230571296662 122.186026808648 40.57494164871177 122.1793281990318 40.58062173103023 122.1723396742609 40.58584404863714 122.1629707907374 40.5882968887691 122.1532585754453 40.59441184284287 122.1431877684307 40.60464667515642 122.1391136855525 40.61699093120996 122.1471320880521 40.62576088809844 122.1492072716657 40.62852655045084 122.1530372031656 40.63474070645457 122.1586524012561 40.64394940656548 122.1627569830085 40.65291777824549 122.1674261289491 40.6655597093452 122.1674260998663 40.66555976691447 122.1674261419427 40.66555988081873 122.1624670197199 40.6753751033956 122.1484365922394 40.67733202482134

       把底图坐标点读入的gs文件如下：

              i=1 while(i<=598) aa=read('D:/YK/YKBoard.ch') aa1=sublin(aa,2) lon1=subwrd(aa1,1) lat1=subwrd(aa1,2) 'q w2xy 'lon1' 'lat1'' x=subwrd(result,3) y=subwrd(result,6) 'set line 3 2 10' j=i-1 if(j!=0) 'draw line 'x1' 'y1' 'x' 'y'' endif i=i+1 x1=x y1=y endwhile ff=close('D:/YK/YKBoard.ch')

 

       最后在等值线gs文件中加入如下'run D:/YK/Board.gs'即可。生成效果图如下：

       

      

       第二种方式是通过某些软件直接生成等值线，如借助MeteoInfo软件（在动力论坛上），使用说明如下：

            输出GrADS地图数据示例（生成全球各国行政界限地图）：
            1、打开MeteoInfo，添加'country1.shp'图层。
            2、点击'Tools'菜单下的'Output Map Data'子菜单，打开地图数据输出对话框。
            3、'Map Layer'选'Map_country1.shp'，选择所有图元，'Output Format'选择'GrADS Map File'。
            4、点击'Output'按钮，在另存为对话框中设定输出文件名即可。

 

 

       第三种方式是通过MapInfo得到MIF格式文件，最后写fortran程序生成(本人对MapInfo不熟，没亲自做过），在动力论坛上也有此贴。