设计模式——桥接模式

概念：将首相部分与它的实现部分分离，使它们都可以独立地变化

个人理解：

1. 某个对象有多角度分类，每一种分类可能有多种变化，那么就把这种多角度分离出来让他们独立变化，减少他们之间的耦合

2. 桥接模式就是依据合成/聚合复用的设计原则替代面向对象设计中的"继承"，或减少对象继承的层次

3. 聚合表示一种弱的“拥有”关系，体现的是A对象可以包含B对象，但B对象不是A对象的一部分；合成则是一种强的“拥有”关系，体现了严格的部分和整体的关系，部分和整体的生命周期一样，如图所示大雁——雁群为聚合关系，大雁——翅膀为合成关系

4. 合成/聚合复用原则的好处：优先使用对象的合成/聚合将有助于包吃每个类被封装，并被集中在单个任务上；这样类和继承层次会保持较小规模，并且不太可能增长为不可控制的庞然大物。

5. 桥接模式UML图：

6. 示例代码：

Impementor： 

public abstract class Software {

    protected String name;

    public Software(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    abstract void run();
}

ConcreteImplementerA：

public class Camera extends Software {

    public Camera(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        Log.i("Camera","---------运行：" + name + "---------");
    }
}

ConcreteImplementerB：

public class MailList extends Software {

    public MailList(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        Log.i("MailList","---------运行：" + name + "---------");
    }
}

Abstraction：

public abstract class BridgePhone {

    protected List<Software> softwares;

    public BridgePhone(List<Software> softwares) {
        this.softwares = softwares;
    }

    public void addSoftWare(Software software){
        for (Software soft : softwares){
            if (soft.getName().equals(software.getName())){
                Log.i("BridgeIphone","--------已经安装了：" + software.getName()+ "---------");
                return;
            }
        }
        softwares.add(software);
        Log.i("BridgeIphone","---------安装软件：" + software.getName()+ "---------");
    }

    public void runSoftware(String name){
        for (Software software : softwares){
            if (software.getName().equals(name)){
                software.run();
            }
        }
    }
}

RefinedAbstraction：

public class BridgeIphone extends BridgePhone {

    public BridgeIphone(List<Software> softwares) {
        super(softwares);
    }

    @Override
    public void addSoftWare(Software software) {
        Log.i("BridgeIphone","---------BridgeIphone---------");
        super.addSoftWare(software);
    }

    @Override
    public void runSoftware(String name) {
        Log.i("BridgeIphone","---------BridgeIphone---------");
        super.runSoftware(name);
    }
}

RefinedAbstraction：

public class BridgeAndroidPhone extends BridgePhone {

    public BridgeAndroidPhone(List<Software> softwares) {
        super(softwares);
    }

    @Override
    public void addSoftWare(Software software) {
        Log.i("BridgeAndroidPhone","---------BridgeAndroidPhone---------");
        super.addSoftWare(software);
    }

    @Override
    public void runSoftware(String name) {
        Log.i("BridgeAndroidPhone","---------BridgeAndroidPhone---------");
        super.runSoftware(name);
    }
}

客户端调用：

private void factoryBridge(){
    Software camera = new Camera(Constants.SOFTWARE_CAMERA);
    Software mailList = new MailList(Constants.SOFTWARE_MAIL_LIST);
    List softwareList = new ArrayList();

    BridgePhone iPhone = new BridgeIphone(softwareList);
    iPhone.addSoftWare(camera);
    iPhone.runSoftware(Constants.SOFTWARE_CAMERA);
    iPhone.addSoftWare(mailList);
    iPhone.runSoftware(Constants.SOFTWARE_MAIL_LIST);

    softwareList.clear();

    softwareList.add(camera);
    softwareList.add(mailList);
    BridgePhone androidPhone = new BridgeAndroidPhone(softwareList);
    androidPhone.runSoftware(Constants.SOFTWARE_CAMERA);
    androidPhone.runSoftware(Constants.SOFTWARE_MAIL_LIST);
}

运行结果：

12-05 16:43:49.247 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/BridgeIphone: ---------安装软件：CAMERA---------
12-05 16:43:49.247 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/BridgeIphone: ---------BridgeIphone---------
12-05 16:43:49.247 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/Camera: ---------运行：CAMERA---------
12-05 16:43:49.247 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/BridgeIphone: ---------BridgeIphone---------
12-05 16:43:49.247 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/BridgeIphone: ---------安装软件：MAILLIST---------
12-05 16:43:49.247 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/BridgeIphone: ---------BridgeIphone---------
12-05 16:43:49.248 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/MailList: ---------运行：MAILLIST---------
12-05 16:43:49.248 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/BridgeAndroidPhone: ---------BridgeAndroidPhone---------
12-05 16:43:49.248 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/Camera: ---------运行：CAMERA---------
12-05 16:43:49.248 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/BridgeAndroidPhone: ---------BridgeAndroidPhone---------
12-05 16:43:49.248 15673-15673/com.wdp.designtest I/MailList: ---------运行：MAILLIST---------