Letter Combinations of a Phone Number

//回溯,深度遍历每个每个按键,然后回溯,题库里的回溯题,都差不多是类似的解法:

public class Solution {
//dfs
    public List<String> letterCombinations(String digits) {
        List<String>res = new ArrayList<String>();
        if(digits.length()==0)return res;
        String[] str=new String[]{"","","abc","def","ghi","jkl","mno","pqrs","tuv","wxyz"};
        dfs(res,"",0,digits,str);
        return res;
    }
    
    public void dfs(List<String>l,String sb,int index,String m,String[] str)
    {
         //1
        if(index==m.length()&&sb.length()==m.length())//why?
        {
            l.add(sb);
            return;
        }
        for(int i=index;i<m.length();i++)
        {
            int a=m.charAt(index)-'0';
            for(int j=0;j<str[a].length();j++)
            {
                sb+=str[a].charAt(j);
                dfs(l,sb,i+1,m,str);
                sb=sb.substring(0,sb.length()-1);
            }
        }
    }
   //2
            if(index==m.length())
        {
            l.add(sb);
            return;
        }
        int a=m.charAt(index)-'0';
        for(int j=0;j<str[a].length();j++)
        {
          sb+=str[a].charAt(j);
          dfs(l,sb,index+1,m,str);
          sb=sb.substring(0,sb.length()-1);
        }
   //3
      if(index==m.length())
     {
        l.add(sb.toString());
        return;
     }
     int a=m.charAt(index)-'0';
     for(int j=0;j<str[a].length();j++)
     {
        sb=sb.append(str[a].charAt(j));
       dfs(l,sb,index+1,m,str);
       sb.setLength(sb.length() - 1);
     }
//4 BFS
 public List<String> letterCombinations(String digits) {
        LinkedList<String>res = new LinkedList<String>();
        if(digits.length()==0)return res;
        String[] str=new String[]{"","","abc","def","ghi","jkl","mno","pqrs","tuv","wxyz"};
        res.add("");
        if(digits.length()==0)return res;
        for(int i=0;i<digits.length();i++)
        {
            int a=Character.getNumericValue(digits.charAt(i));
            while(res.peek().length()==i)
            {
                String s=res.remove();
                for(char c:str[a].toCharArray())
                {
                    res.add(s+c);
                }
            }
        }
        return res;
    }

}


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(Telephone Number Word Generator) Standard telephone keypads contain the digits 0 through 9. The numbers 2 through 9 each have three letters associated with them, as is indicated by the following table: Many people find it difficult to memorize phone numbers, so they use the correspondence between digits and letters to develop seven-letter words that correspond to their phone numbers. For example, a person whose telephone number is 686-2377 might use the correspondence indi- cated in the above table to develop the seven-letter word “NUMBERS.” Businesses frequently attempt to get telephone numbers that are easy for their clients to remember. If a business can advertise a simple word for its customers to dial, then no doubt the business will receive a few more calls. Each seven-letter word corresponds to exactly one seven-digit telephone number. The restaurant wishing to increase its take-home business could surely do so with the number 825-3688 (i.e., “TAKEOUT”). Each seven-digit phone number corresponds to many separate seven-letter words. Unfortunately, most of these represent unrecognizable juxtaposi- tions of letters. It’s possible, however, that the owner of a barber shop would be pleased to know that the shop’s telephone number, 424-7288, corresponds to “HAIRCUT.” A veterinarian with the phone number 738-2273 would be happy to know that the number corresponds to “PETCARE.” Write a program that, given a seven-digit number, writes to a file every possible seven-letter word corresponding to that number. There are 2187 (3 to the seventh power) such words. Avoid phone numbers with the digits 0 and 1.
06-09

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