基于testNG数据驱动测试

数据驱动概念：

• 数据驱动测试是相同的测试脚本使用不同的测试数据执行，测试数据和测试行为
  完全分离

数据驱动测试用设计步骤：

• 编写测试脚本，脚本需要支持程序对象、文件或者数据库读入测试数据。
• 将测试脚本使用的测试数据存入程序对象、文件或者数据库等外部介质中
• 运行脚本，循环调用存储在外部介质的测试数据
• 验证所有的测试结果是否符合期望的结果

代码示例：

testNG DataProvider接口测试实践：
测试数据结构:

• 序号：测试报告中使用
• 用例名称：code中对应的测试用例方法名
• 用例描述：测试数据描述（报告中使用）
• 接口地址：请求地址（get，post）
• 请求参数：格式{param=value，…}
• 预期结果：json格式
• 是否执行：Y—执行，N—不执行

整体测试用例Demo：

     @Test(dataProvider= ExcelDataProvider.providerName,dataProviderClass= ExcelDataProvider.class,description="登陆测试集")
    public void accountInfoTest(CaseInfo c){
        //获取接口名称
        url = ExcelDataProvider.getRequestUrl(c);
        //获取用例需要的参数
        requestparam = ExcelDataProvider.getRequestParam(c);
        //发起请求请求
        String res = APIMthod.sendPostByHttpCient(url, requestparam);
        //获取预期结果
        String expect = ExcelDataProvider.getExpect(c);
        //断言
        Assert.assertEquals(expect, actual);

    }

数据参数化：

• ExcelDataProvider.class：

public class ExcelDataProvider extends CaseHelper{
    public static String caseExcelPath = constant.caseExcelPath;
    public static String sheetName;
    public static String domain;
    public static final String providerName = "excelDataProvider";

    @SuppressWarnings("static-access")
    public ExcelDataProvider(String dataPath, String sheetName, String domain) {
        this.caseExcelPath = dataPath;
        this.sheetName = sheetName;
        this.domain = domain;
    }

    @DataProvider(name = providerName)
    public static Object[][] dataInfo(Method m) throws IOException {

        Object[][] object = null;
        List<Map<String, String>> list = ExcelReader.getExcelToList(caseExcelPath, sheetName);
        object = CaseHelper.getObjArrByList(list, m);
        return object;
    }
}

• caseHelper帮助类：

public class CaseHelper {
    // 根据文件的map 转换为数组 第一个为 入参 map 第二个为用例说明,第三个参数为执行用例的预置条件
    private static Object[] getObjArrByMap(Map<String, String> caseInfoMap) {

        Map<String, String> caseNo = new HashMap<String, String>();
        Map<String, String> caseName = new HashMap<String, String>();
        Map<String, String> caseDesc = new HashMap<String, String>();
        Map<String, String> caseUrl = new HashMap<String, String>();
        Map<String, String> caseParam = new HashMap<String, String>();
        Map<String, String> caseExpect = new HashMap<String, String>();

        CaseInfo ci = new CaseInfo();
        for (String key : caseInfoMap.keySet()) {
            if (key.equals(constant.caseNo)) {
                caseNo.put(key, caseInfoMap.get(key));
            }
            if (key.equals(constant.caseName)) {
                caseName.put(key, caseInfoMap.get(key));
            }
            if (key.equals(constant.caseDesc)) {
                caseDesc.put(key, caseInfoMap.get(key));
            }
            if (key.equals(constant.caseUrl)) {
                caseUrl.put(key, caseInfoMap.get(key));
            }
            if (key.equals(constant.caseParam)) {
                caseParam.put(key, caseInfoMap.get(key));
            }
            if (key.equals(constant.caseExpect)) {
                caseExpect.put(key, caseInfoMap.get(key));
            }
        }
        ci.setCaseNo(caseNo);
        ci.setCaseName(caseName);
        ci.setCaseDesc(caseDesc);
        ci.setCaseUrl(caseUrl);
        ci.setCaseParam(caseParam);
        ci.setCaseExpect(caseExpect);

        return new Object[] { ci };
    }

    // /获取的list转换为 Object[][]
    public static Object[][] getObjArrByList(List<Map<String, String>> caseExcelList, Method m) {
        List<Map<String, String>> caseExcuteList = getExcuteList(caseExcelList, m);
        Object[][] objArray = new Object[caseExcuteList.size()][];
        for (int i = 0; i < caseExcuteList.size(); i++) {
            objArray[i] = getObjArrByMap(caseExcuteList.get(i));
        }
        return objArray;
    }

    // 筛选出需要执行的用例
    private static List<Map<String, String>> getExcuteList(List<Map<String, String>> caseExcelList, Method method) {
        List<Map<String, String>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();
        for (Map<String, String> m : caseExcelList) {
            String exec = m.get(constant.Isexec).trim().toLowerCase();
            if (exec.equals("y") && (m.get(constant.caseName).equals(method.getName())))  {
                list.add(m);
            }
        }
        return list;
    }

    //获取测试用例序号
    public static String getCaseNo(CaseInfo caseNo) {
        if (caseNo.getCaseNo().isEmpty()) {
            throw new NestedBusinessException("测试用例序号不能为空！");
        }
        return caseNo.getCaseNo().get(constant.caseNo);
    }

    //获取测试用例名称
    public static String getCaseName(CaseInfo caseName) {
        if (caseName.getCaseName().isEmpty()) {
            throw new NestedBusinessException("测试用例名称不能为空！");
        }
        return caseName.getCaseName().get(constant.caseName);
    }

    //获取测试用例描述
    public static String getCaseDesc(CaseInfo caseDesc) {
        if (caseDesc.getCaseDesc().isEmpty()) {
            throw new NestedBusinessException("测试用例描述不能为空！");
        }
        return caseDesc.getCaseDesc().get(constant.caseDesc);
    }
    //获取请求地址
    public static String getRequestUrl(CaseInfo caseUrl) {
        if (caseUrl.getCaseUrl().get(constant.caseUrl).isEmpty()) {
            throw new NestedBusinessException("接口地址不能为空！");
        }
        return caseUrl.getCaseUrl().get(constant.caseUrl);
    }

 // 获取用例需要的参数
    public static Map<String, String> getRequestParam(CaseInfo caseParam) {
        Map<String, String> requestparam = new HashMap<String, String>();
        for (String t : caseParam.getCaseParam().keySet()) {
            String request = caseParam.getCaseParam().get(t);
            //约定以{}开始结束，{}为空参数
            if (!request.startsWith("{") && !request.endsWith("}")) {
                throw new NestedBusinessException("测试用例参数格式有误，请检查参数格式！");
            }
            String realStr = request.substring(1, request.length() - 1);

            if (realStr.isEmpty() || !realStr.contains("=")) {
                continue;
            }
            String[] res = realStr.split(",");
            for (String str : res) {
                if (str.split("=").length == 1) {
                    if (str.split("=")[0].isEmpty()) {
                        continue;
                    }else {
                        requestparam.put(str.split("=")[0],"");
                    }
                }else{
                    requestparam.put(str.split("=")[0], str.split("=")[1]);
                }
            }
        }
        return requestparam;
    }

    //获取预期结果
    public static String getExpect(CaseInfo caseParam) {
        if (caseParam.getCaseExpect().get(constant.caseExpect).isEmpty()) {
            throw new NestedBusinessException("预期結果不能为空！");
        }
        return caseParam.getCaseExpect().get(constant.caseExpect);
    }
}

数据utils：

public class CaseInfo {
    //测试用例序号
    private Map<String,String> caseNo;
    //测试用例名称（与case中方法名一致）
    private Map<String,String> caseName;
    //测试用例描述
    private Map<String,String> caseDesc;
    //测试用例url
    private Map<String,String> caseUrl;
    //测试用例参数
    private Map<String,String> caseParam;
    //预期结果（断言）
    private Map<String,String> caseExpect;
    //是否执行
    private Map<String,String> caseIsExec;

    public Map<String, String> getCaseNo() {
        return caseNo;
    }
    public void setCaseNo(Map<String, String> caseNo) {
        this.caseNo = caseNo;
    }
    public Map<String, String> getCaseName() {
        return caseName;
    }
    public void setCaseName(Map<String, String> caseName) {
        this.caseName = caseName;
    }
    public Map<String, String> getCaseDesc() {
        return caseDesc;
    }
    public void setCaseDesc(Map<String, String> caseDesc) {
        this.caseDesc = caseDesc;
    }
    public Map<String, String> getCaseUrl() {
        return caseUrl;
    }
    public void setCaseUrl(Map<String, String> caseUrl) {
        this.caseUrl = caseUrl;
    }
    public Map<String, String> getCaseParam() {
        return caseParam;
    }
    public void setCaseParam(Map<String, String> caseParam) {
        this.caseParam = caseParam;
    }
    public Map<String, String> getCaseExpect() {
        return caseExpect;
    }
    public void setCaseExpect(Map<String, String> caseExpect) {
        this.caseExpect = caseExpect;
    }
    public Map<String, String> getCaseIsExec() {
        return caseIsExec;
    }
    public void setCaseIsExec(Map<String, String> caseIsExec) {
        this.caseIsExec = caseIsExec;
    }

    public String toString(){
        return getCaseDesc().get(constant.caseDesc) + "|" + getCaseUrl() + "," + getCaseParam() ;
    }
}