super block
相关的数据结构为:
struct super_block {
struct list_head s_list; /* Keep this first */
dev_t s_dev; /* search index; _not_ kdev_t */
unsigned long s_blocksize;
unsigned long s_old_blocksize;
unsigned char s_blocksize_bits;
unsigned char s_dirt;
unsigned long long s_maxbytes; /* Max file size */
struct file_system_type *s_type;
struct super_operations *s_op;
struct dquot_operations *dq_op;
struct quotactl_ops *s_qcop;
struct export_operations *s_export_op;
unsigned long s_flags;
unsigned long s_magic;
struct dentry *s_root;
struct rw_semaphore s_umount;
struct semaphore s_lock;
int s_count;
int s_syncing;
int s_need_sync_fs;
atomic_t s_active;
void *s_security;
struct xattr_handler **s_xattr;
struct list_head s_inodes; /* all inodes */
struct list_head s_dirty; /* dirty inodes */
struct list_head s_io; /* parked for writeback */
struct hlist_head s_anon; /* anonymous dentries for (nfs) exporting */
struct list_head s_files;
struct block_device *s_bdev;
struct list_head s_instances;
struct quota_info s_dquot; /* Diskquota specific options */
int s_frozen;
wait_queue_head_t s_wait_unfrozen;
char s_id[32]; /* Informational name */
void *s_fs_info; /* Filesystem private info */
/*
* The next field is for VFS *only*. No filesystems have any business
* even looking at it. You had been warned.
*/
struct semaphore s_vfs_rename_sem; /* Kludge */
/* Granuality of c/m/atime in ns.
Cannot be worse than a second */
u32 s_time_gran;
};
super_block存在于两个链表中,一个是系统所有super_block的链表, 一个是对于特定的文件系统的super_block链表.
所有的super_block都存在于 super-blocks 链表中:
对于特定的文件系统, 该文件系统的所有的super block 都存在于file_sytem_type中的fs_supers链表中.
而所有的文件系统,都存在于file_systems链表中.这是通过调用register_filesystem接口来注册文件系统的.
int register_filesystem(struct file_system_type * fs)
2. inode
相关的数据结构为:
struct inode {
struct hlist_node i_hash;
struct list_head i_list;
struct list_head i_sb_list;
struct list_head i_dentry;
unsigned long i_ino;
atomic_t i_count;
umode_t i_mode;
unsigned int i_nlink;
uid_t i_uid;
gid_t i_gid;
dev_t i_rdev;
loff_t i_size;
struct timespec i_atime;
struct timespec i_mtime;
struct timespec i_ctime;
unsigned int i_blkbits;
unsigned long i_blksize;
unsigned long i_version;
unsigned long i_blocks;
unsigned short i_bytes;
spinlock_t i_lock; /* i_blocks, i_bytes, maybe i_size */
struct semaphore i_sem;
struct rw_semaphore i_alloc_sem;
struct inode_operations *i_op;
struct file_operations *i_fop; /* former ->i_op->default_file_ops */
struct super_block *i_sb;
struct file_lock *i_flock;
struct address_space *i_mapping;
struct address_space i_data;
#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
struct dquot *i_dquot[MAXQUOTAS];
#endif
/* These three should probably be a union */
struct list_head i_devices;
struct pipe_inode_info *i_pipe;
struct block_device *i_bdev;
struct cdev *i_cdev;
int i_cindex;
__u32 i_generation;
#ifdef CONFIG_DNOTIFY
unsigned long i_dnotify_mask; /* Directory notify events */
struct dnotify_struct *i_dnotify; /* for directory notifications */
#endif
unsigned long i_state;
unsigned long dirtied_when; /* jiffies of first dirtying */
unsigned int i_flags;
atomic_t i_writecount;
void *i_security;
union {
void *generic_ip;
} u;
#ifdef __NEED_I_SIZE_ORDERED
seqcount_t i_size_seqcount;
#endif
};
inode存在于两个双向链表中:
一个是inode所在文件系统的super block的 s_inodes 链表中
一个是根据inode的使用状态存在于以下三个链表中的某个链表中:
1. 未用的: inode_unused 链表
2. 正在使用的: inode_in_use 链表
3. 脏的: super block中的s_dirty 链表
另外,还有一个重要的链表: inode_hashtable(这个暂不介绍).
3. dentry
相关的数据结构为:
struct dentry {
atomic_t d_count;
unsigned int d_flags; /* protected by d_lock */
spinlock_t d_lock; /* per dentry lock */
struct inode *d_inode; /* Where the name belongs to - NULL is
* negative */
/*
* The next three fields are touched by __d_lookup. Place them here
* so they all fit in a 16-byte range, with 16-byte alignment.
*/
struct dentry *d_parent; /* parent directory */
struct qstr d_name;
struct list_head d_lru; /* LRU list */
struct list_head d_child; /* child of parent list */
struct list_head d_subdirs; /* our children */
struct list_head d_alias; /* inode alias list */
unsigned long d_time; /* used by d_revalidate */
struct dentry_operations *d_op;
struct super_block *d_sb; /* The root of the dentry tree */
void *d_fsdata; /* fs-specific data */
struct rcu_head d_rcu;
struct dcookie_struct *d_cookie; /* cookie, if any */
struct hlist_node d_hash; /* lookup hash list */
int d_mounted;
unsigned char d_iname[DNAME_INLINE_LEN_MIN]; /* small names */
};
dentry对象存在于三个双向链表中:
所有未用的目录项: dentry_unused 链表
正在使用的目录项: 对应inode的 i_dentry 链表
表示父子目录结构的链表
另外,还有一个重要的链表: inode_hashtable(这个暂不介绍).
4. 进程相关的信息
和进程相关的信息, 涉及到四个重要的数据结构:
file, fs_struct, files_struct 和 namespace
相关的数据结构为:
struct file {
struct list_head f_list;
struct dentry *f_dentry;
struct vfsmount *f_vfsmnt;
struct file_operations *f_op;
atomic_t f_count;
unsigned int f_flags;
mode_t f_mode;
int f_error;
loff_t f_pos;
struct fown_struct f_owner;
unsigned int f_uid, f_gid;
struct file_ra_state f_ra;
size_t f_maxcount;
unsigned long f_version;
void *f_security;
/* needed for tty driver, and maybe others */
void *private_data;
#ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL
/* Used by fs/eventpoll.c to link all the hooks to this file */
struct list_head f_ep_links;
spinlock_t f_ep_lock;
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL */
struct address_space *f_mapping;
};
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct fs_struct {
atomic_t count;
rwlock_t lock;
int umask;
struct dentry * root, * pwd, * altroot;
struct vfsmount * rootmnt, * pwdmnt, * altrootmnt;
};
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct files_struct {
atomic_t count;
spinlock_t file_lock; /* Protects all the below members. Nests inside tsk->alloc_lock */
int max_fds;
int max_fdset;
int next_fd;
struct file ** fd; /* current fd array */
fd_set *close_on_exec;
fd_set *open_fds;
fd_set close_on_exec_init;
fd_set open_fds_init;
struct file * fd_array[NR_OPEN_DEFAULT];
};
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct namespace {
atomic_t count;
struct vfsmount * root;
struct list_head list;
struct rw_semaphore sem;
};
每个进程都有自己的namespace.
fs_struct用于表示进程与文件系统之间的结构关系,比如当前的工作目录,进程的根目录等等.
files_struct 用于表示当前进程打开的文件.
而对于每一个打开的文件,由file对象来表示.
Linux中,常常用文件描述符(file descriptor)来表示一个打开的文件,这个描述符的值往往是一个大于或等于0的整数.
而这个整数,其实就是在files_struct中file数组fd的下标.
对于所有打开的文件, 这些文件描述符会存储在open_fds的位图中.
发表于 @ 2008年05月28日 13:28:23|评论(loading...)|编辑