下载必要的jar包：
activation.jar
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
jaxen-1.1.1.jar
jdom-1.0.jar
一、DOM
解析器读入整个文档，然后构建一个驻留内存的树结构，使用 DOM 接口来操作这个树结构。
优点：整个文档树在内存中，便于操作；支持删除、修改、重新排列等多种功能；访问效率高。
缺点：将整个文档调入内存（包括无用的节点），浪费时间和空间；使用场合：一旦解析了文档还需多次访问这些数据；硬件资源充足（内存、CPU）
package xmlParse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.TimeZone;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Result;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.DOMException;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
/**
* java自带的dom解析xml文件
*
* @author abc
*
*/
public class TestDom {
public static void main(String[] args) {
builXmlByDom();
parseXmlByDom();
}
/**
* 生成xml信息
*/
public static void builXmlByDom() {
long begintime = System.currentTimeMillis();
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
try {
//构建Document
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc=db.newDocument();
Element root=doc.createElement("students");
root.setAttribute("class", "一班");
root.setAttribute("count", "3");
Element stu=doc.createElement("student");
Element name=doc.createElement("name");
name.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("小明"));
Element age=doc.createElement("age");
age.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("10"));
stu.appendChild(name);
stu.appendChild(age);
root.appendChild(stu);
stu=doc.createElement("student");
stu.setAttribute("position","班长");
name=doc.createElement("name");
name.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("小王"));
age=doc.createElement("age");
age.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("11"));
stu.appendChild(name);
stu.appendChild(age);
root.appendChild(stu);
stu=doc.createElement("student");
name=doc.createElement("name");
name.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("小兵"));
age=doc.createElement("age");
age.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("12"));
stu.appendChild(name);
stu.appendChild(age);
root.appendChild(stu);
doc.appendChild(root);
//将被变换的Document对象封装到一个DOMSource对象中
DOMSource xmlSource=new DOMSource(doc);
//使用 Transformer对象将一个Document节点变换为一个XML文件
TransformerFactory transFactory=TransformerFactory. newInstance();
Transformer transformer=transFactory.newTransformer();
//创建Result
File file=new File("students.xml");
FileOutputStream fos;
fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
StreamResult result=new StreamResult(fos);
transformer.transform(xmlSource, result);
if(fos!=null){
fos.close();
}
}catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (TransformerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("dom生成时间(毫秒)"
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - begintime));
}
/**
* 解析xml信息
*/
public static void parseXmlByDom() {
long begintime = System.currentTimeMillis();;
try {
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder=dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
File file=new File("students.xml");
Document doc=builder.parse(file);
NodeList students=doc.getFirstChild().getChildNodes();
Node student=null;
Node node=null;
for(int i=0,len=students.getLength();i<len;i++){
student=students.item(i);
NodeList childs=student.getChildNodes();
System.out.println("第"+(i+1)+"个学生");
for(int j=0,size=childs.getLength();j<size;j++){
node=childs.item(j);
if("name".equals(node.getNodeName())){
System.out.println(node.getNodeName()+"---"+node.getTextContent());
}
if("age".equals(node.getNodeName())){
System.out.println(node.getNodeName()+"---"+node.getTextContent());
}
}
}
} catch (DOMException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("dom解析时间(毫秒)"
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - begintime));
}
}
二、SAX
特点： 1、边读边解析，应用于大型XML文档
2、只支持读
3、访问效率低
4、顺序访问
package xmlParse;
import java.io.File;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
public class TestSAXParse {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
sax();
}
public static void sax() {
long begintime = System.currentTimeMillis();
File f = new File("students.xml");
SAXParserFactory sf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
try {
SAXParser sp = sf.newSAXParser();
SAXHandler handler = new SAXHandler();
sp.parse(f, handler);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("sax解析时间(毫秒)"
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - begintime));
}
}
SAXHandler.java
package xmlParse;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import java.util.Stack;
public class SAXHandler extends DefaultHandler {
Stack tags = null;
@Override
public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
tags=new Stack();
}
@Override
public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
while(!tags.isEmpty()){
System.out.println(tags.peek());
tags.pop();
}
tags=null;
}
@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
if("students".equals(qName)){
System.out.println(attributes.getValue("class")+"--人数-"+attributes.getValue("count"));
}
tags.push(qName);//压入栈
}
@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
tags.pop();//取出栈顶元素
}
@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
String tag=(String) tags.peek();//查看栈顶元素，但不移除
if("name".equals(tag)){
System.out.println("name==="+new String(ch,start,length));
}
if("age".equals(tag)){
System.out.println("age==="+new String(ch,start,length));
}
}
}三、JDOM
JDOM
优点:①是基于树的处理XML的Java API，把树加载在内存中
②没有向下兼容的限制，因此比DOM简单
③速度快，缺陷少
④具有SAX的JAVA规则
缺点:①不能处理大于内存的文档
②JDOM表示XML文档逻辑模型。不能保证每个字节真正变换。
③针对实例文档不提供DTD与模式的任何实际模型。
④不支持与DOM中相应遍历包
最适合于:JDOM具有树的便利，也有SAX的JAVA规则。在需要平衡时使用
JDOM
package xmlParse;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import org.jdom.Document;
import org.jdom.Element;
import org.jdom.JDOMException;
import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;
import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;
public class TestJDOM {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
buildXmlByJDOM();
parseXmlByJDOM();
}
public static String buildXmlByJDOM(){
Document doc=new Document();
Element root=new Element("students");
root.setAttribute("count", "3");
root.setAttribute("class", "一班");
doc.setRootElement(root);
root.addContent(new Element("student").addContent(new Element("name").setText("小明"))
.addContent(new Element("age").setText("10")));
root.addContent(new Element("student").addContent(new Element("name").setText("小汪"))
.addContent(new Element("age").setText("11")));
root.addContent(new Element("student").addContent(new Element("name").setText("小兵"))
.addContent(new Element("age").setText("12")));
ByteArrayOutputStream out=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
XMLOutputter putter=new XMLOutputter();
try {
putter.output(doc, out);
putter.output(doc, new FileOutputStream("students.xml"));
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return out.toString();
}
public static void parseXmlByJDOM(){
long begintime=System.currentTimeMillis();
File f=new File("students.xml");
SAXBuilder builder=new SAXBuilder();
try {
Document doc=builder.build(new FileInputStream(f));
Element root=doc.getRootElement();
System.out.println(root.getAttributeValue("class")+"-人数：--"+root.getAttributeValue("count"));
List list=root.getChildren("student");
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
Element ele=(Element)list.get(i);
System.out.println("第"+(i+1)+"个学生");
System.out.println(ele.getChildText("name")+"---"+ele.getChildText("age"));
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (JDOMException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("sax解析时间(毫秒)"+(System.currentTimeMillis()-begintime));
}
}四、DOM4J
DOM4J 是一个非常非常优秀的Java XML API，具有性能优异、功能强大和极端易用使用的特点，同时它也是一个开放源代码的软件。如今你可以看到越来越多的 Java 软件都在使用 DOM4J 来读写 XML，特别值得一提的是连 Sun 的 JAXM 也在用 DOM4J。
DOM4J
package xmlParse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.Node;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
public class TestDom4J {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
buildXmlByDOM4J();
paserXmlByDOM4J();
}
public static void buildXmlByDOM4J(){
Document doc=DocumentHelper.createDocument();
doc.setXMLEncoding("UTF-8");
Element root=doc.addElement("students");
root.addAttribute("class", "一班").addAttribute("count", "3");
Element student=root.addElement("student");
student.addElement("name").setText("小明");
student.addElement("age").setText("10");
student=root.addElement("student").addAttribute("position", "班长");
student.addElement("name").setText("小汪");
student.addElement("age").setText("11");
student=root.addElement("student");
student.addElement("name").setText("小兵");
student.addElement("age").setText("12");
String xmlStr=doc.asXML();
try {
OutputFormat format=OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
XMLWriter writer=new XMLWriter(new FileWriter(new File("students.xml")),format);
writer.setEscapeText(false);
writer.write(xmlStr);
writer.close();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void paserXmlByDOM4J(){
long begintime=System.currentTimeMillis();
SAXReader reader=new SAXReader();
try {
Document doc=reader.read(new FileInputStream(new File("students.xml")));
Element root=doc.getRootElement();
System.out.println(root.attributeValue("class")+"--人数--"+root.attributeValue("count"));
/* List<Node> list=root.selectNodes("student");//需要引入jaxen-1.1.1.jar
for(int i=0,len=list.size();i<len;i++){
Node node=(Node)list.get(i);
System.out.println(node.selectSingleNode("name").getText()+"---"+node.selectSingleNode("age").getStringValue());
}*/
Iterator it=root.elementIterator();
Element ele;
while(it.hasNext()){
ele=(Element)it.next();
//System.out.println(ele.selectSingleNode("name").getText()+"---"+ele.selectSingleNode("age").getText());
System.out.println(ele.elementText("name")+"---"+ele.elementText("age"));
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("sax解析时间(毫秒)"+(System.currentTimeMillis()-begintime));
}
}
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