最近在学习CEF，发现自己的编程能力实在太弱，看不懂应该怎么使用这个库，也不知道可以向谁请教，尽管官方说提供的cefclient示例程序已经很清楚了啊，但是我看不懂啊，自己一个人慢慢磨真的十分痛苦。最近结合网上的资料，学习了一些些吧，写下这篇日志，希望可以帮到后来的人（不过后来的人应该不会像我这么弱了的吧）。
这是一个将CEF嵌入MFC对话框的程序，说来惭愧，到现在我都还不会怎么写一个好看的界面，只会在MFC上堆砌各种控件，唉。
这篇日志主要参考了以下资料：
- https://bitbucket.org/chromiumembedded/cef/wiki/GeneralUsage.md（这里面的资料貌似也很完善，但我还没有看完，主要是里面很多语句不理解，感觉是在给编程已经上道的人写的，看得心塞）
- l http://mickeymickstechblog.blogspot.com/2014/08/how-to-use-webkit-cef-in-mfc-project.html
- https://github.com/acristoffers/CEF3SimpleSample
再说一件惭愧的事情，下面说的程序也只是结合了上面的资料堆砌而成，一些API为什么要这么用，我也不清楚（好希望有人可以带我装逼带我飞）。
预备工作：在http://www.magpcss.net/cef_downloads/中下载Windows版本的CEF3库，本文下载的是cef_binary_3.2171.1979_windows32.7z。
下面正式开始。
1. 项目建立和配置
首先建立一个MFC基于对话框程序。注意要选上“在静态库中使用MFC”。如果不慎没选，可以在“项目属性->配置属性->常规->MFC的使用”重新配置（这时可能还需要手动将“项目属性->配置属性->C/C++->代码生成->运行库”配置为“多线程调试(/MTd)”）。
在项目文件夹的代码文件夹里（这里就是cefinmfcdialog/cefinmfcdialog中）建立一个CEF3文件夹，将项目要用到的和CEF3相关的头文件和库放在这个目录中。
解压cef_binary_3.2171.1979_windows32.7z，进入到解压后的目录（这里假设解压到了cef_binary_3.2171.1979_windows32），打开cefclient2010.sln，将其中的项目libcef_dll_wrapper以Debug生成方案（默认就是）编译生成一次。生成后，在目录里会多出来一个out目录，里面是生成的文件。
下面将编译项目需要的CEF3头文件和库拷贝到我们的项目文件夹中。
-
将cef_binary_3.2171.1979_windows32/include文件夹拷贝到项目代码目录/CEF3中；
-
将cef_binary_3.2171.1979_windows32/out/Debug中的lib目录拷贝到项目代码目录/CEF3中；
-
将cef_binary_3.2171.1979_windows32/Debug/libcef.lib拷贝到项目代码目录/CEF3/lib中（按理说libcef.lib也是应该可以用官方提供的CEF3项目文件重新生成一个的，但我还没有找到方法，这里只好拷贝官方生成好的了）。
将CEF3目录添加到项目的附加包含目录中，将CEF3/lib/Debug目录添加到项目的附加库目录中。附加依赖项中添加libcef.lib和libcef_dll_wrapper.lib。
2. 创建新的类
根据https://bitbucket.org/chromiumembedded/cef/wiki/GeneralUsage.md#markdown-header-application-structure的描述，CEF3的程序的一般结构包括以下部分：
-
初始化CEF，并且运行子进程可执行逻辑（sub-process executable logic，不知道具体是什么鬼，大概就是自己做一个子进程来自己管理消息循环的意思？）或者CEF消息循环；
-
提供一个CefApp的实现用来处理进程相关的回调（什么鬼！）；
-
提供一个CefClient的实现用来处理浏览器实例相关的回调（什么鬼！）；
-
调用CefBrowserHost::CreateBrowser()来创建浏览器实例，以及使用CefLifeSpanHandler管理浏览器的生命周期（什么鬼！）。
下面是创建新的类，代码都是照搬https://github.com/acristoffers/CEF3SimpleSample中的了。基本上我找不到文档指导怎么继承CEF3的类来创建自己要求的类的，自己又找不到方法，唉。
创建一个类ClientV8ExtensionHandler，继承类CefV8Handler。
ClientV8ExtensionHandler.h
/************************************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2013 Álan Crístoffer
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
* of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
* subject to the following conditions:
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
* INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
* OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
************************************************************************************************/
#ifndef __CEF3SimpleSample__ClientV8ExtensionHandler__
#define __CEF3SimpleSample__ClientV8ExtensionHandler__
#include "include/cef_app.h"
struct ClientV8ExtensionHandler : public CefV8Handler {
ClientV8ExtensionHandler(CefRefPtr<CefApp> app);
bool Execute(const CefString &name, CefRefPtr<CefV8Value> object, const CefV8ValueList &arguments, CefRefPtr<CefV8Value> &retval, CefString &exception) OVERRIDE;
private:
CefRefPtr<CefApp> app;
IMPLEMENT_REFCOUNTING(ClientV8ExtensionHandler);
};
#endif /* defined(__CEF3SimpleSample__ClientV8ExtensionHandler__) */ClientV8ExtensionHandler.cpp：
/************************************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2013 Álan Crístoffer
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
* of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
* subject to the following conditions:
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
* INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
* OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
************************************************************************************************/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "ClientV8ExtensionHandler.h"
ClientV8ExtensionHandler::ClientV8ExtensionHandler(CefRefPtr<CefApp> app)
{
this->app = app;
}
bool ClientV8ExtensionHandler::Execute(const CefString &name, CefRefPtr<CefV8Value> object, const CefV8ValueList &arguments, CefRefPtr<CefV8Value> &retval, CefString &exception)
{
if ( name == "ChangeTextInJS" ) {
if ( (arguments.size() == 1) && arguments[0]->IsString() ) {
CefString text = arguments[0]->GetStringValue();
CefRefPtr<CefFrame> frame = CefV8Context::GetCurrentContext()->GetBrowser()->GetMainFrame();
std::string jscall = "ChangeText('";
jscall += text;
jscall += "');";
frame->ExecuteJavaScript(jscall, frame->GetURL(), 0);
/*
* If you want your method to return a value, just use retval, like this:
* retval = CefV8Value::CreateString("Hello World!");
* you can use any CefV8Value, what means you can return arrays, objects or whatever you can create with CefV8Value::Create* methods
*/
return true;
}
}
return false;
}创建类ClientHandler，继承类CefClient和类CefLifeSpanHandler。这里有几个方法是父类中的抽象方法，必须在实现类中给出实现。
ClientHandler.h ：/************************************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2013 Álan Crístoffer
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
* of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
* subject to the following conditions:
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
* INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
* OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
************************************************************************************************/
#ifndef __CEFSimpleSample__ClientHandler__
#define __CEFSimpleSample__ClientHandler__
#include "include/cef_render_process_handler.h"
#include "include/cef_client.h"
#include "include/cef_v8.h"
#include "include/cef_browser.h"
class ClientHandler : public CefClient, public CefLifeSpanHandler {
public:
ClientHandler();
CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> GetBrowser()
{
return m_Browser;
}
CefWindowHandle GetBrowserHwnd()
{
return m_BrowserHwnd;
}
// CefClient methods
virtual CefRefPtr<CefLifeSpanHandler> GetLifeSpanHandler() OVERRIDE
{
return this;
}
// Virutal on CefLifeSpanHandler
virtual bool DoClose(CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser) OVERRIDE;
virtual void OnAfterCreated(CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser) OVERRIDE;
virtual void OnBeforeClose(CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser) OVERRIDE;
protected:
// The child browser window
CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> m_Browser;
// The child browser window handle
CefWindowHandle m_BrowserHwnd;
// /
// Macro that provides a reference counting implementation for classes extending
// CefBase.
// /
IMPLEMENT_REFCOUNTING(ClientHandler);
};
#endif /* defined(__CEFSimpleSample__ClientHandler__) */ClientHandler.cpp：
/************************************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2013 Álan Crístoffer
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
* of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
* subject to the following conditions:
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
* INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
* OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
************************************************************************************************/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "ClientHandler.h"
#include "include/cef_app.h"
#include "include/cef_base.h"
#include "include/cef_client.h"
#include "include/cef_command_line.h"
#include "include/cef_frame.h"
#include "include/cef_runnable.h"
#include "include/cef_web_plugin.h"
ClientHandler::ClientHandler()
{
}
bool ClientHandler::DoClose(CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser)
{
return false;
}
void ClientHandler::OnAfterCreated(CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser)
{
if ( !m_Browser.get() ) {
// We need to keep the main child window, but not popup windows
m_Browser = browser;
m_BrowserHwnd = browser->GetHost()->GetWindowHandle();
}
}
void ClientHandler::OnBeforeClose(CefRefPtr<CefBrowser> browser)
{
if ( m_BrowserHwnd == browser->GetHost()->GetWindowHandle() ) {
// Free the browser pointer so that the browser can be destroyed
m_Browser = NULL;
}
}创建类ClientApp，继承类CefApp。
ClientApp.h：
/************************************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2013 Álan Crístoffer
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
* of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
* subject to the following conditions:
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
* INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
* OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
************************************************************************************************/
#ifndef __CEF3SimpleSample__ClientHandler__
#define __CEF3SimpleSample__ClientHandler__
#include "include/cef_app.h"
#include "include/cef_client.h"
class ClientApp : public CefApp, public CefRenderProcessHandler {
public:
ClientApp();
CefRefPtr<CefRenderProcessHandler> GetRenderProcessHandler() OVERRIDE
{
return this;
}
void OnWebKitInitialized() OVERRIDE;
IMPLEMENT_REFCOUNTING(ClientApp);
};
#endif /* defined(__CEF3SimpleSample__ClientHandler__) */ClientApp.cpp
/************************************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2013 Álan Crístoffer
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
* of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
* subject to the following conditions:
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
* INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
* OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
************************************************************************************************/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "ClientApp.h"
#include "ClientHandler.h"
#include "ClientV8ExtensionHandler.h"
ClientApp::ClientApp()
{
}
void ClientApp::OnWebKitInitialized()
{
/*std::string app_code =
"var app;"
"if (!app)"
" app = {};"
"(function() {"
" app.ChangeTextInJS = function(text) {"
" native function ChangeTextInJS();"
" return ChangeTextInJS(text);"
" };"
"})();;";
CefRegisterExtension( "v8/app", app_code, new ClientV8ExtensionHandler(this) );*/
}3. 初始化和运行CEF
在cefinmfcdialogDlg.cpp中包含头文件ClientApp.h和ClientHandler.h。
在类CcefinmfcdialogDlg的CcefinmfcdialogDlg::OnInitDialog()方法中添加如下代码：
CefMainArgs main_args(theApp.m_hInstance);
CefRefPtr<ClientApp> app(new ClientApp);
int exit_code = CefExecuteProcess(main_args, app.get(), NULL);
if (exit_code >= 0){
exit(exit_code);
}
RECT rect;
GetDlgItem(IDC_BROWSER)->GetClientRect(&rect);
CefSettings settings;
CefSettingsTraits::init(&settings);
settings.multi_threaded_message_loop = true;
CefInitialize(main_args, settings, app.get(), NULL);
CefWindowInfo info;
CefBrowserSettings b_settings;
CefRefPtr<CefClient> client(new ClientHandler);
std::string site = "https://docs.python.org/2/c-api/";
info.SetAsChild(GetDlgItem(IDC_BROWSER)->GetSafeHwnd(), rect);
CefBrowserHost::CreateBrowser(info, client.get(), site, b_settings, NULL);这里要执行CefExecuteProcess函数必须传递一个类CefMainArgs的实例，该实例在Windows中是使用主程序的句柄来初始化的。 CefSettings.multi_threaded_message_loop = true的设置时Windows的CEF3库中特有的，设置后会使CEF新建一个线程执行消息循环。std:string site变量用于指定程序运行时要打开的网页。
给类CcefinmfcdialogDlg添加ON_DESTORY消息的处理函数，在处理函数中添加如下代码：
CefShutdown();之后执行生成，应该可以无错生成程序的。
4. 拷贝运行依赖的资源
再次进入cef_binary_3.2171.1979_windows32目录，将Resources目录下的所有内容（不清楚有什么用）以及Debug目录下的libcef.dll和pdf.dll（是的，不知道为什么也要这个dll，从名字看这个dll应该和pdf文件浏览相关吧，如果不拷贝过去，程序会浏览不了网页，而且也会在程序所在文件夹中创建一个叫pdf.dll的目录）拷贝到项目目录的Debug文件夹中（就是程序生成所在的文件夹）。之后可以调试和运行了：
5. 还存在的问题
在 VS 中调试程序的话，会在关闭程序后，会连续提示好几个中断，原因还不明白。
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