JAVA读取外部资源的方法

在编写java代码过程中我们常常会遇到读取外部资源的需求：如读取配置文件等等，通常我们会把配置文件放在项目的classpath路径下或者在web项目的web-inf下。下面我就几种常见的文件读取方式给出事例。

1.从当前的工作目录中读取:

try {
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("workdir.txt")));
            String str;
            while ((str = in.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(str);
            }
            in.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
        }

2,从classpath中读取(读取找到的第一个符合名称的文件):

try {
            InputStream stream = ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream("file.txt");
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream));
            String str;
            while ((str = in.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(str);
            }
            in.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
        }

3,从classpath中读取(读取找到的所有符合名称的文件,如Spring中带有classpath*:前缀的情况就会从classpath中遍历):

try {

            Enumeration resourceUrls = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResources("file.txt");

            while (resourceUrls.hasMoreElements()) {
                URL url = (URL) resourceUrls.nextElement();
                System.out.println(url);

                BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream()));
                String str;
                while ((str = in.readLine()) != null) {
                    System.out.println(str);
                }
                in.close();

            }

        } catch (IOException e) {
        }

4,从URL中读取:

try {

            URL url = new URL("http://blog.csdn.net/sunwp");
            System.out.println(url);

            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream()));
            String str;
            while ((str = in.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(str);
            }
            in.close();

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

5,web项目从web-inf文件夹读取(通过得到ServletContext读取,可以在servlet或者能够得到request的类中使用):

try {

            URL url = (URL) getServletContext().getResource("/WEB-INF/webinffile.txt");
            // URL url = (URL)req.getSession().getServletContext().getResource("/WEB-INF/webInfofile.txt");
            System.out.println(url);

            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream()));
            String str;
            while ((str = in.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(str);
            }
            in.close();

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }