基本的文件 I/O 用法：1.复制目录及其文件 2.文件创建，写入，读取，删除，复制

1.Directory类：公开用于创建，移动和枚举目录和子目录的实例方法

下面的Demo 演示了如何复制目录及其文件

        static void Main()
        {
            DirectoryInfo source = new DirectoryInfo(@"D:\Practise\IO\Source");

            DirectoryInfo target = new DirectoryInfo(@"D:\Practise\IO\Target");

            CopyAll(source, target);
        }
        public static void CopyAll(DirectoryInfo source, DirectoryInfo target)
        {
            if (source.FullName.ToLower() == target.FullName.ToLower())
            {
                return;
            }
            if (!target.Exists)
            {
                target.CreateSubdirectory(target.FullName);
            }
            foreach (FileInfo fi in source.GetFiles())
            {
                Console.WriteLine(@"Copy {0}\{1}", source.FullName, fi.Name);
                fi.CopyTo(Path.Combine(target.FullName, fi.Name));
            }
            //Copy each subdirectory using recursion
            foreach (DirectoryInfo sourceSubDir in source.GetDirectories())
            {
                DirectoryInfo targetSubDir = target.CreateSubdirectory(sourceSubDir.Name);
                CopyAll(sourceSubDir, targetSubDir);
            }
        }

2.FileInfo类:提供创建，删除，复制，移动和打开文件属性的实例方法

下面Demo演示了文件创建，写入，读取，复制，删除操作

     static void Main()
        {
            string path = @"D:\Practise\IO\temp.txt";
            FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(path);

            if (!fi.Exists)
            {
                using (StreamWriter sw = fi.CreateText())
                {
                    sw.Write("hello");
                    sw.Write("welcome");
                }
            }
            using (StreamReader sr = fi.OpenText())
            {
                Console.WriteLine(sr.ReadLine());
            }
            try
            {
                string targetPath = path + "temp";
                FileInfo fi2 = new FileInfo(targetPath);
                fi2.Delete();

                fi.CopyTo(targetPath);
               
                fi2.Delete();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The process failed: {0}", e.ToString());
            }

3.FileStream 支持同步读写操作，也支持异步读写操作

        //创建一个文件，向其中添加一些文本，然后从此文件中读取。
        static void Main()
        {
            string filePath = @"D:\Practise\IO\temp.txt";

            if (File.Exists(filePath))
            {
                File.Delete(filePath);
            }

            using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
            {
                WriteUsingUTF8(fs, "My name is guo,");
                WriteUsingUTF8(fs, "i am 24 years old,\r\n");
                WriteUsingUTF8(fs, "I come from xiantao city in the hubei province");
            }

            using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
            {
                byte[] b = new byte[1024];
                if (fs.Read(b, 0, b.Length) > 0)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(new UTF8Encoding().GetString(b));
                }
            }
        }
        public static void WriteUsingUTF8(FileStream fs, string info)
        {
            byte[] b = new UTF8Encoding(true).GetBytes(info);
            fs.Write(b, 0, b.Length);
        }