从man中摘取下来的。 

CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS
       Conditional  expressions  are  used by the [[ compound command and the test and [ builtin commands to test file attributes and perform string and arithmetic comparisons.  Expressions are formed from the following
unary or binary primaries.  If any file argument to one  of  the  pri-maries  is  of  the form /dev/fd/n, then file descriptor n is checked.If the file argument to one of the primaries  is  one  of  /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, or /dev/stderr, file descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively,is checked.

       -a file
              True if file exists.
       -b file
              True if file exists and is a block special file.
       -c file
              True if file exists and is a character special file.
       -d file
              True if file exists and is a directory.
       -e file
              True if file exists.
       -f file
              True if file exists and is a regular file.
       -g file
              True if file exists and is set-group-id.
       -h file
              True if file exists and is a symbolic link.
       -k file
              True if file exists and its 鈥樷€榮ticky鈥欌€?bit is set.
       -p file
              True if file exists and is a named pipe (FIFO).
       -r file
              True if file exists and is readable.
       -s file
              True if file exists and has a size greater than zero.
       -t fd  True if file descriptor fd is open and refers to a terminal.
       -u file
              True if file exists and its set-user-id bit is set.
       -w file
              True if file exists and is writable.
       -x file
              True if file exists and is executable.
       -O file
              True if file exists and is owned by the effective user id.
       -G file
              True if file exists and is owned by the effective group id.
       -L file
              True if file exists and is a symbolic link.
       -S file
              True if file exists and is a socket.
       -N file
              True if file exists and has been modified  since  it  was  last
              read.
       file1 -nt file2
              True  if  file1  is newer (according to modification date) than
              file2, or if file1 exists and file2 does not.
       file1 -ot file2
              True if file1 is older than file2, or if file2 exists and file1
              does not.
       file1 -ef file2
              True if file1 and file2 refer to the same device and inode num-
              bers.
       -o optname
              True if shell option optname  is  enabled.   See  the  list  of
              options  under  the  description  of  the  -o option to the set
              builtin below.
       -z string
              True if the length of string is zero.
       string
       -n string
              True if the length of string is non-zero.

       string1 == string2
              True if the strings are equal.  = may be used in  place  of  ==
              for strict POSIX compliance.

       string1 != string2
              True if the strings are not equal.
       string1 < string2
              True  if  string1 sorts before string2 lexicographically in the
              current locale.

       string1 > string2
              True if string1 sorts after string2  lexicographically  in  the
              current locale.

       arg1 OP arg2
              OP is one of -eq, -ne, -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge.  These arithmetic
              binary operators return true if arg1 is equal to, not equal to,
              less than, less than or equal to, greater than, or greater than
              or equal to arg2, respectively.  Arg1 and arg2 may be  positive
              or negative integers.

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